Conceptual Foundations of Nursing
Final Exam
Course Introduction
Conceptual Foundations of Nursing explores the essential theories, models, and philosophies that shape the nursing profession. This course provides students with an understanding of key nursing concepts such as person, health, environment, and nursing itself, and examines how these fundamental ideas underpin nursing practice, education, and research. Emphasis is placed on analyzing influential nursing theorists and their contributions, fostering critical thinking skills, and developing a personal philosophy of nursing that integrates scientific knowledge with compassionate, ethical care.
Recommended Textbook
Conceptual Foundations The Bridge to Professional Nursing Practice 6th Edition by Elizabeth E. Friberg
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20 Chapters
472 Verified Questions
472 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: A Brief History of Professional Nursing in the
United
States
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22 Verified Questions
22 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20106
Sample Questions
Q1) Nurses in private duty positions faced several hardships,including (Select all that apply. )
A)a shortage of nurses as schools limited enrollment.
B)a surplus of nurses starting in the mid-1920s.
C)employment that was sporadic and seasonal.
D)opportunities primarily working with poorer families.
E)pay that continued to be lower than other jobs.
Answer: B,C,E
Q2) Mildred Montag's major contribution to nursing is considered to be
A)encouraging minority women and men to enter nursing.
B)establishing associate degree nursing programs.
C)fighting for improved wages and recognition for nurses.
D)paving the way for the military to use trained nurses.
Answer: B
Q3) Florence Nightingale's views about trained nurses were most influenced by her A)experiences in wartime.
B)ideas about sanitation.
C)relationships with physicians.
D)view of education.
Answer: A
Page 3
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Chapter 2: Pathways of Nursing Education
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24 Verified Questions
24 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20107
Sample Questions
Q1) A prospective nursing student is researching nursing schools.One of the schools is fully accredited by the CCNE,has no history of adverse actions taken by its state board of nursing,and is staffed by faculty members who appear to be appropriately credentialed for their positions.What inference can the student make about this program?
A)CCNE accreditation is the only option for nursing school accreditation.
B)Faculty credentials have little bearing on the quality of nursing programs.
C)The findings ensure that the program meets at least minimal requirements.
D)This is a top-rated program whose graduates are ultimately successful.
Answer: C
Q2) When analyzing the development of nursing education for a research paper,the nursing student notes that certain factors have been important contributors to the current system of nursing education in this country,including (Select all that apply. )
A)changing demographics.
B)cost of education.
C)historical events.
D)societal health care needs.
E)women's roles.
Answer: C,D
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Chapter 3: Beyond Professional Socialization
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11 Verified Questions
11 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20108
Sample Questions
Q1) An experienced nurse has accepted a new role in administration.Supervisors can best support this transition by assisting the nurse to
A)learn the unspoken rules of the new role.
B)manage time and other people effectively.
C)obtain education regarding the new job.
D)redefine the nurse's professional identity.
Answer: D
Q2) A nursing manager recognizes that a registered nurse has a strong sense of professional identity when which behavior is seen?
A)Joins professional organizations and attends their conferences
B)Participates in unit governance and on hospital-wide committees
C)Reappraises own professionalism as new technologies and roles evolve
D)Relies on historical meanings of professionalism to guide practice
Answer: C
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Chapter 4: Professional Nursing Roles
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33 Verified Questions
33 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20109
Sample Questions
Q1) The student nurse describes to friends the nursing role that involves a systematic method of providing care and precise attention to details.This is the role of
A)direct caregiver.
B)collaborator.
C)manager.
D)teacher.
Q2) A new nursing manager has created a template for working with role-related problems.The manager's mentor does not feel this is an effective approach to solving these issues.Which statement by the mentor would best explain this position?
A)"As a new manager,you should not be dealing with role stress by yourself."
B)"If you assume role problems will occur,you are inviting them to happen."
C)"Interventions need to be based on specific stresses,not a generic template."
D)"Role problems are usually due to a poor fit between employee and the job."
Q3) Which nursing role is most closely connected to social justice?
A)Advocate
B)Caregiver
C)Manager
D)Researcher
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Chapter 5: Theories and Frameworks for Professional
Nursing
Practice
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26 Verified Questions
26 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20110
Sample Questions
Q1) A nursing educator summarizes the role of nursing theory across the domains of nursing practice,education,and research by pointing out that in all three areas,theory A)assists nurses to view patients and information in a uniform way.
B)is useful for prediction but not for driving nursing activities.
C)rigidly structures data collection and protocol implementation.
D)serves to organize information in a meaningful,useful manner.
Q2) A nurse is working with a family from a different culture with which he or she is not familiar.The family insists on continuing health practices that the nurse is trying to get them to abandon.This results in the nurse viewing the family as noncompliant,because they seem to understand the instructions.Which action by the nurse would be most helpful?
A)Ask the family to describe the importance of their beliefs.
B)Call an interpreter to make sure they really understand.
C)Determine whether instructions are available in their language.
D)Give the family both written and verbal instructions.
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Page 7
Chapter 6: Health Policy and Planning and the Nursing
Practice Environment
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29 Verified Questions
29 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20111
Sample Questions
Q1) A nursing dean wishes to establish a center to study the feasibility of creating a curriculum based on community-based nursing.To acquire funding,the dean would most likely apply to the
A)National Institutes of Health.
B)Pew Charitable Trusts.
C)state board of nursing.
D)Surgeon General's office.
Q2) A nurse is confused because a federal agency does not seem to be providing services according to the law.Another nurse explains that this can happen because A)agencies do not work under any specific federal laws.
B)agency interpretation is needed to implement the law.
C)not all government agencies fall under specific laws.
D)there is considerable infighting among different agencies.
Q3) A congresswoman is explaining that she occasionally votes for bills that need,but do not contain,provisions for funding because
A)appropriations bills are usually considered in specific years.
B)once the bill has passed,it is often easier to find funding for it.
C)she can support the cause without having to find money for it.
D)there isn't enough money left in the budget for some issues.
Page 8
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Chapter 7: Economic Issues in Nursing and Health Care
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31 Verified Questions
31 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20112
Sample Questions
Q1) A nurse wishes to get a job in a large city with many hospitals from which to choose but is dismayed to learn that the wages for nurses are nearly as low in the city as in the rural area where the nurse lives.The nurse concludes that
A)city hospitals have agreed on wage levels for nurses.
B)demand for nurses in the city is similar to the rural area.
C)state government has mandated wage scales for nurses.
D)the cost of living in the city is similar to the rural area.
Q2) The student learning about the Affordable Care Act (ACA)understands the three entities that were created to oversee and evaluate the quality of care and cost of the health care system.Which entities are involved in this process? (Select all that apply. )
A)Center for Medicare and Medicaid Innovation
B)Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services
C)Children's Health Insurance Program
D)Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute
E)The Independent Payment Advisory Board
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Chapter 8: Effective Communication
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26 Verified Questions
26 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20113
Sample Questions
Q1) The nursing student knows that examples of important nonverbal communication include (Select all that apply. )
A)eye contact.
B)facial expressions.
C)hand and arm gestures.
D)touch.
E)use of personal space.
Q2) A new nurse wishes to show concern and caring by using touch and seeks advice on the most appropriate ways of doing so.An experienced nurse explains that (Select all that apply. )
A)because of negative experiences,some patients do not want to be touched.
B)nurses should be cautious about touching a patient of the opposite sex.
C)patients' culture can strongly influence a nurse's ability to use touch.
D)the nurse should assess whether touch is acceptable to patients or not.
E)touch can be used in the absence of any other communication technique.
Q3) The nurse knows that reframing is a useful technique when the patient
A)cannot articulate fears embedded in the conversation.
B)is confused and unable to articulate his or her concerns.
C)pauses the conversation,letting the nurse summarize.
D)uses absolutely concrete verbiage such as "never."
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Chapter 9: Think Like a Nurse: Essential Thinking Skills for Professional Nurses
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26 Verified Questions
26 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20114
Sample Questions
Q1) A student nurse asks how the nursing process is different from critical thinking.The best reply by the faculty member is that the nursing process is A)a tool for applying critical thinking to patient care. B)merely the way nurses articulate patient care needs. C)the only way to use critical thinking for best outcomes. D)the same thing as critical thinking divided into steps.
Q2) A nurse studying critical thinking theories can generalize the process as A)a reflective process of gathering and evaluating data to choose a course of action. B)one conceptual mechanism for critiquing ideas and establishing goal-oriented care. C)researching best-practice literature to create care pathways for certain populations. D)using the nursing process to design individualized and specific nursing care plans.
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Chapter 10: Teaching and Learning in the 21st Century
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28 Verified Questions
28 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20115
Sample Questions
Q1) A nursing faculty member wants to use Internet-based synchronous learning to make up a class that was missed because of school closure.The instructor would plan to create a(n)
A)electronic drop box.
B)e-mail discussion.
C)slide presentation.
D)web conference.
Q2) A nurse is teaching a patient who is a recent immigrant from an Asian culture.The patient listens politely to discharge instructions and agrees to follow them.Two days later,the patient is readmitted,and the nurse is surprised to find none of the discharge instructions have been followed.The nurse would most likely conclude the patient
A)did not have the resources to adhere to the directions.
B)is noncompliant or he or she would have asked questions.
C)lacked enough knowledge to follow through the instructions.
D)was too embarrassed to indicate a lack of understanding.
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Chapter 11: Legal Aspects of Nursing Practice
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28 Verified Questions
28 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20116
Sample Questions
Q1) A lay health care advocate claims that nursing practice exists in a situation of inherent conflict of interest and that there needs to be legally mandated changes to some practices.Which statement by the advocate would best support this claim? "Nurses
A)are always looking for ways to increase their scope of practice without need."
B)control access,standards,and discipline,which gives them too much power."
C)create their own standards for entry into the profession without any oversight."
D)should practice under the auspices of physicians but fight to be independent."
Q2) A nurse who practices in two different Compact states describes one consideration to this system to a colleague,stating,
A)"I have to know the nursing laws of both states."
B)"It's hard to remember which license to carry."
C)"Taking two licensure exams was pretty tough."
D)"Telehealth nursing isn't allowed in Compact states."
Q3) A nurse knows that patient rights would be protected by __________ law.
A)administrative
B)constitutional
C)contract
D)tort
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Page 13
Chapter 12: Ethical Dimensions of Nursing and Health Care
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21 Verified Questions
21 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20117
Sample Questions
Q1) What areas does the nurse explore with the patient when using patient-level ethics?
(Select all that apply. )
A)External factors
B)Medical indications
C)Previous health history
D)Patient preferences
E)Quality of life
Q2) A nurse subscribes to the philosophy of deontology.This means the nurse makes decisions based on
A)cultural competence.
B)equal access.
C)greatest good.
D)perceived duty.
Q3) The practicing nurse best understands the concept of ethics to mean
A)acting on what is right in a situation.
B)always doing what patients want.
C)being of good moral character.
D)following strict guidelines for action.
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Chapter 13: Information Management
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16 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20118
Sample Questions
Q1) A nursing manager wants the unit's staff to consistently use evidence-based practices (EBP).What rationale does the manager give for desiring this practice? (Select all that apply. )
A)Better patient outcomes
B)Decreased health care costs
C)Enhanced work satisfaction
D)Improved quality of care
E)Increased intraprofessional communication
Q2) A first-year nursing student needs to write a paper on urinary tract infections (UTIs)in nursing home residents.What search strategy does the faculty recommend to the student?
A)Have the medical librarian search for you.
B)Look the topic up in your textbook.
C)Start your search with Google or Bing.
D)Use CINAHL to search for your topic.
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15
Chapter 14: Diversity in Health and Illness
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26 Verified Questions
26 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20119
Sample Questions
Q1) A nurse is caring for a patient in the hospital who is from an unfamiliar culture.Which question by the nurse would provide the most beneficial information?
A)"How can I assist you to learn self-care?"
B)"What do you expect out of health care?"
C)"What role does your family play in illness?"
D)"Why do you think you have gotten sick?"
Q2) A nurse is caring for a female patient from an unfamiliar culture.The nurse has planned extensive discharge teaching,but the patient seems uninterested,deferring all questions to an older adult male relative.The best action by the nurse is to
A)ask the male relative to assist with discharge teaching.
B)include the male relative and revise the teaching plan.
C)remind the patient that her condition is confidential.
D)try to do the teaching when the male relative is absent.
Q3) The nurse practicing in a diverse society can consider culture to be A)a society or group that existed in a specific period of time.
B)a learned systems of beliefs,customs,language,and rituals.
C)practices or behaviors associated with specific racial groups.
D)transgenerational world views shared by diverse groups.
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Chapter 15: Health and Health Promotion
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31 Verified Questions
31 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20120
Sample Questions
Q1) The nursing policy analyst explains to a class of nursing students that the consumer wellness movement helped create
A)a surge in wellness and fitness centers across the nation.
B)market-based competition for customer services.
C)new types of health care insurance.
D)self-care focus in health policies and public health initiatives.
Q2) The nursing faculty member explains that dissatisfaction with the power imbalance in health care in part led to
A)new ethical and professional standards.
B)requirements for patient education.
C)strict regulations on patient consent.
D)the consumer wellness movement.
Q3) A nurse who is teaching a patient assesses the patient's goals in life.The nurse then explains to a student nurse that this practice is important because A)goals can be motivators for making health changes.
B)it helps the nurse become familiar with the patient.
C)social interactions relax the patient and increase trust.
D)this shows whether the person has self-agency or not.
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Chapter 16: Genetics and Genomics in Professional Nursing
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15 Verified Questions
15 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20121
Sample Questions
Q1) A patient comes to the clinic and is worried about developing a neurological condition seen in the patient's mother and aunt.The best action by the nurse is to A)conduct a thorough neurological examination on the patient. B)develop a multigenerational family health history (pedigree).
C)have the patient voice these concerns to the physician.
D)refer the patient to a genetic counselor immediately.
Q2) A couple wanting to start a family is concerned about possible ethnically related genetic disorders.The nurse would advise this couple to undergo A)carrier testing.
B)diagnostic testing.
C)genetic counseling.
D)genetic variability testing.
Q3) The nurse studying genomics explains to another nurse that the era between the 1950s and 1980s was notable for A)creation of medications tailored to genetics.
B)developing tests for some genetic conditions.
C)passage of a genetic nondiscrimination act. D)the complete mapping of the human genome.
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Chapter 17: Global Rural Nursing Practice
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14 Verified Questions
14 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20122
Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse working in a rural community understands that the 8 Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)include (Select all that apply. )
A)achieve universal primary education.
B)create employment opportunities.
C)improve maternal health.
D)promote gender equality and empower women.
E)reduce child mortality.
Q2) A community nurse working in a rural area is planning programming to meet community needs.Which program option should the nurse develop?
A)Adolescents who need after-school activities
B)Free or reduced cost immunizations for children
C)Mother-parent classes for expectant families
D)Older residents who have chronic illnesses
Q3) The nurse knows that the Rural Healthy People (RHP)2020 project identified the top priority health care need as
A)access to quality health care.
B)emergency department care.
C)more inpatient hospital beds.
D)the need for female doctors.
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Chapter 18: Violence Against Women: An Epidemic and a Health Issue
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21 Verified Questions
21 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20123
Sample Questions
Q1) A nurse working in the emergency department explains to a student nurse that the sexual assault nurse examiner (SANE)works with victims of intimate partner violence (IPV)to provide (Select all that apply. )
A)ongoing counseling.
B)evidence collection.
C)health examinations.
D)psychological counseling.
E)treatment if needed.
Q2) A nurse working in a community clinic usually is consistent about screening women for intimate partner violence (IPV).However,the nursing manager found two charts during an audit in which the nurse did not do the screening.When asked,the nurse stated that the two women were lesbians,so she did not need to screen them.What response by the manager is best?
A)"Lesbians who are in intimate relationships are considered intimate partners."
B)"There is a specific screening tool just for lesbians and homosexuals."
C)"You have to screen all women for IPV regardless of their sexual preference."
D)"You're right;lesbians have a far lower rate of IPV than heterosexuals do."
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Page 20
Chapter 19: Telehealth
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15 Verified Questions
15 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20124
Sample Questions
Q1) An emergency department manager in a rural hospital wants to investigate "telestroke" processes.Which actions by the nurse manager would best facilitate this process? (Select all that apply. )
A)Collaborate with pharmacy on supplies of appropriate drugs.
B)Discuss store-and-forward capabilities with radiology.
C)Install special telephone lines for live consultations.
D)Investigate the possibility of acquiring robotic technology.
E)Request funding for interactive live videoconferencing.
Q2) A rural hospital administrator is resistant to creating a telehealth system because of its impact on finances.What response by the director of nursing,who thinks a system should be started as soon as possible,would be best?
A)Inform the administrator of research findings related to telehealth.
B)Lobby federal lawmakers to require third-party funding for telehealth costs.
C)Work with the administrator to find ways to make up the revenue shortfall.
D)Write grants for funding to offset the costs of starting a telehealth system.
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Chapter 20: Patient Safety
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29 Verified Questions
29 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/20125
Sample Questions
Q1) A nursing manager explains to the executive committee that reducing errors requires
A)disciplining staff members who continue to make errors.
B)focusing on systems problems and not blaming individuals.
C)having an anonymous error reporting procedure for staff.
D)holding individuals responsible for the errors they commit.
Q2) A nurse asks the manager why the nursing staff seems to have the bulk of the responsibility for preventing errors in patient care.The manager explains that the primary reason nurses are best situated to recognize and prevent errors is because they
A)are leaders on the health care team.
B)have refined communication skills.
C)interact with patients so frequently.
D)provide the majority of risky care.
Q3) The nurse knows that the primary purpose of the Patient Safety and Quality Improvement Act of 2005 was to
A)create a government agency that tracks all patient safety problems.
B)encourage sharing of information to promote a culture of safety.
C)mandate patient safety programs and prescribe penalties for errors.
D)require hospitals create quality improvement initiatives for safety.
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