Concepts in Physical Science Test
Preparation
Course Introduction
Concepts in Physical Science provides an introduction to the foundational principles governing the physical world. This course covers key topics from physics, chemistry, astronomy, and earth sciences, emphasizing the essential concepts that unify these disciplines. Students will explore matter and its properties, forces and motion, energy transformations, the structure of atoms, chemical reactions, and the laws of nature that explain the behavior of the universe. Through hands-on experiments, critical thinking exercises, and real-world applications, learners develop a deeper understanding of scientific processes and the ways in which physical science influences everyday life.
Recommended Textbook
The Physical Universe 15th Edition by Konrad Krauskopf
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988 Verified Questions
988 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: The Scientific Method
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Sample Questions
Q1) The discovery that the planetary orbits are ellipses rather than circles was made by A)Ptolemy.
B)Copernicus.
C)Kepler.
D)Newton.
Answer: C
Q2) Arrange the following planets in the order of their distance from the sun. 1.Venus 2)Mars
3)Earth
4)Mercury
A)4, 1, 3, 2
B)1, 4, 3, 2
C)2, 3, 1, 4
D)3, 2, 4, 1
Answer: A
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Chapter 2: Motion
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Sample Questions
Q1) The mass of a sack of potatoes whose weight is 200 N is
A)20.4 kg.
B)91 kg.
C)210 kg.
D)440 kg.
Answer: A
Q2) A ball of mass 200 g is whirled in a circle at the end of a string 100 cm long whose breaking strength is 10 N.Neglecting gravity, the maximum speed of the ball is approximately
A)2 m/s.
B)7 m/s.
C)10 m/s.
D)50 m/s.
Answer: B
Q3) Relative to what she weighs on the earth, an astronaut visiting another planet
A)weighs less.
B)weighs the same.
C)weighs more.
D)Any of these choices, depending on the planet.
Answer: D
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Chapter 3: Energy
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Sample Questions
Q1) The watt is a unit of
A)energy.
B)work.
C)momentum.
D)power.
Answer: D
Q2) A 2-kg book is held 1 m above the floor for 50 s.The work done is A)0.
B)10.2 J.
C)100 J.
D)980 J.
Answer: A
Q3) The sun
A)attracts light waves passing nearby.
B)repels light waves passing nearby.
C)may attract or repel light waves passing nearby, depending upon the circumstances.
D)has no effect on light waves passing nearby.
Answer: A
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Chapter 4: Energy and the Future
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Sample Questions
Q1) Average energy use per person in the United States today is about
A)the same as the world average.
B)50 percent more than the world average.
C)4 times the world average.
D)10 times the world average.
Q2) A projection to 2083 suggests that 10 billion might then be the population of A)the United States.
B)India.
C)China.
D)the world.
Q3) International agreements thus far
A)include binding limits on carbon dioxide emissions.
B)include a halt in the construction of new coal-burning power plants.
C)will keep average global temperatures from rising more than 2<sup>\(\circ\)</sup>C by 2100.
D)call for future emission promises.
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Chapter 5: Matter and Heat
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Sample Questions
Q1) A Celsius thermometer and an absolute thermometer are used to measure the temperature of the same gas sample.The readings on the thermometers are respectively T<sub>C</sub> and T<sub>K</sub>.Which is correct?
A)T<sub>C</sub> is smaller than T<sub>K</sub>.
B)T<sub>C</sub> is larger than T<sub>K</sub>.
C)T<sub>C</sub> is equal to T<sub>K</sub>.
D)Any of these choices could be correct, depending on the gas temperature.
Q2) Of these substances, the one with the lowest specific heat is A)water.
B)ice.
C)concrete.
D)gold.
Q3) An absolute temperature of 100 K is the same as a Celsius temperature of A)-173<sup>\(\circ\)</sup>C.
B)32<sup>\(\circ\)</sup>C.
C)212<sup>\(\circ\)</sup>C.
D)373<sup>\(\circ\)</sup>C.
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Page 7
Chapter 6: Electricity and Magnetism
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Sample Questions
Q1) The primary coil of a transformer is connected to a source of alternating current of voltage V.The voltage of the secondary current is
A)lower than V.
B)equal to V.
C)higher than V.
D)Any of these choices could be correct, depending on the ratio of turns in the transformer coils.
Q2) A magnet does not exert a force on
A)an unmagnetized iron bar.
B)a magnetized iron bar.
C)a stationary electric charge.
D)a moving electric charge.
Q3) An electric iron draws a current of 15 A when connected to a 120-V power source.Its resistance is
A)0.125 ohms.
B)8 ohms.
C)16 ohms.
D)1800 ohms.
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8
Chapter 7: Waves
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Sample Questions
Q1) A sound wave whose frequency is 50 Hz
A)has a relatively short wavelength.
B)has a relatively long wavelength.
C)is very soft.
D)is very loud.
Q2) The bending of waves around the edge of an obstacle in their path is an example of A)refraction.
B)reflection.
C)diffraction.
D)the Doppler effect.
Q3) A pure musical note causes a thin wooden panel nearby to vibrate with the same frequency.This is an example of A)an overtone. B)diffraction.
C)interference.
D)resonance.
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Chapter 8: The Nucleus
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Sample Questions
Q1) Slightly enriched uranium can be the energy source of which of the following?
A)Nuclear fission reactors.
B)Nuclear fusion reactors.
C)Nuclear weapons.
D)X-rays.
Q2) When a nucleus undergoes radioactive decay, its new mass number is
A)always less than its original mass number.
B)always more than its original mass number.
C)never less than its original mass number.
D)never more than its original mass number.
Q3) By far the most dangerous diagnostic x-rays in medicine are A)dental x-rays.
B)chest x-rays.
C)CT scans.
D)mammograms.
Q4) Of the following particles, the one with the greatest mass is the A)electron.
B)proton.
C)neutron.
D)neutrino.
Page 10
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Chapter 9: The Atom
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Sample Questions
Q1) X-rays are
A)electromagnetic waves of very short wavelength.
B)electromagnetic waves of very long wavelength.
C)matter waves of very short wavelength.
D)matter waves of very long wavelength.
Q2) A p orbital
A)is spherical in shape.
B)is shaped like a doughnut.
C)has two lobes.
D)has six lobes.
Q3) The sun's spectrum consists of a bright background crossed by dark lines.This suggests that the sun
A)is a hot object surrounded by a hot atmosphere.
B)is a hot object surrounded by a cool temperature.
C)is a cool object surrounded by a hot temperature.
D)is a cool object surrounded by a cool atmosphere.
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11
Chapter 10: The Periodic Law
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following chemical equations is balanced?
A)Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> + CO \(\rarr\) Fe + 2CO<sub>2</sub>
B)Na<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>2</sub> + S \(\rarr\)S<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> + S C)3CuO + 2NH<sub>3</sub> \(\rarr\) 3Cu + 3H<sub>2</sub>O + N<sub>2</sub>
D)4Al + 3Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> \(\rarr\) 4Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> + 9Fe
Q2) The number of oxygen atoms in a molecule of aluminum sulfate, Al<sub>2</sub>(SO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>3</sub>, is A)3.
B)4.
C)7.
D)12.
Q3) The atomic mass of an element is
A)the average atomic mass of its isotopes according to their proportions in nature.
B)the average mass number of its isotopes according to their proportions in nature.
C)the average atomic number of its isotopes according to their proportions in nature.
D)the atomic mass of its most abundant isotope.
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Chapter 11: Crystals, Ions, and Solutions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Dissolving an electrolyte in water results in the formation of A)polar molecules.
B)covalent molecules. C)ions.
D)a precipitate.
Q2) Which of the following would you expect to be a strong electrolyte in solution?
A)NaCl
B)AgCl
C)acetic acid
D)soap
Q3) An example of a weak acid is A)nitric acid.
B)acetic acid.
C)sulfuric acid.
D)hydrochloric acid.
Q4) In general molecular solids
A)have fairly low melting points.
B)are good electrical conductors.
C)are good heat conductors.
D)are insoluble.
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Chapter 12: Chemical Reactions
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Sample Questions
Q1) The decomposition of an unstable compound usually A)occurs only at low temperatures.
B)requires a catalyst to occur.
C)is endothermic.
D)is exothermic.
Q2) An example of slow oxidation is
A)a lighted candle.
B)the rusting of iron.
C)the lighting of a match.
D)a log burning in a fireplace.
Q3) A chemical equilibrium occurs when the A)mass of the products equals the mass of the reactants.
B)number of molecules of the products equals the number of molecules of the reactants.
C)concentration of the products equals the concentration of the reactants.
D)speed of the forward reaction equals the speed of the reverse reaction.
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14
Chapter 13: Organic Chemistry
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Sample Questions
Q1) Compared with their carbohydrate content, living cells contain A)less protein.
B)about the same amount of protein.
C)more protein.
D)Any of these choices could be correct, depending on the type of cell.
Q2) The oxygen in the earth's atmosphere comes from A)volcanoes. B)space.
C)photosynthesis.
D)the action of lightning on seawater.
Q3) The maximum number of covalent bonds possible between two carbon atoms in an organic molecule is A)1.
B)2.
C)3.
D)4.
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Page 15
Chapter 14: Atmosphere and Hydrosphere
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Sample Questions
Q1) The Gulf Stream is an ocean current that warms the A)Gulf coast of the United States.
B)west coast of the United States.
C)west coast of Europe.
D)west coast of Africa.
Q2) The lowest region of the atmosphere is the A)thermosphere.
B)ionosphere.
C)troposphere.
D)stratosphere.
Q3) Atmospheric pressure is half its sea-level value at an altitude of about A)1 km (3300 ft).
B)5 km (16,400 ft).
C)20 km (12.4 mi).
D)100 km (62 mi).
Q4) Most of the world's freshwater is found
A)in lakes and rivers.
B)in clouds.
C)frozen in Greenland and Antarctica.
D)in the oceans.
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Chapter 15: The Rock Cycle
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Sample Questions
Q1) Of the following rocks, the one that does not originate in sediments laid down by water, wind, or ice is
A)shale.
B)conglomerate.
C)marble.
D)sandstone.
Q2) Batholiths are not
A)very large plutons.
B)associated with mountain ranges.
C)formed by precipitation from groundwater.
D)largely granite.
Q3) The clay minerals occur in the form of
A)large crystals easily split into sheets.
B)large, hard crystals.
C)long, narrow crystals.
D)soft, tiny crystals.
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17
Chapter 16: The Evolving Earth
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Sample Questions
Q1) Mammals were the dominant form of life in
A)the Cenozoic Era.
B)the Mesozoic Era.
C)the Paleozoic Era.
D)Precambrian time.
Q2) A suitable object for radiocarbon dating would be one whose age is
A)10,000 years old.
B)100,000 years old.
C)1 million years old.
D)10 million years old.
Q3) The youngest of the following mountain ranges is the A)Sierra Nevada.
B)Rockies.
C)Appalachians.
D)Himalayas.
Q4) The theory of evolution is credited to A)Charles Lyell.
B)Charles Darwin.
C)Abraham Werner.
D)Bishop Ussher.
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Chapter 17: The Solar System
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Sample Questions
Q1) The planet with the shortest year is A)Mercury.
B)Jupiter.
C)Saturn.
D)Neptune.
Q2) In the past 3 billion years the main influence on the lunar landscape has been A)volcanoes.
B)moonquakes.
C)meteoroid impacts.
D)running water.
Q3) Surface temperatures are lowest on A)Venus.
B)Earth. C)Mars. D)Saturn.
Q4) The least dense of the following planets is A)Mercury.
B)Venus.
C)Mars. D)Saturn.
Page 19
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Chapter 18: The Stars
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Sample Questions
Q1) Auroras consist of
A)colored clouds.
B)comet tails.
C)excited gases in the lower atmosphere.
D)excited gases in the upper atmosphere.
Q2) The heaviest elements on the earth were produced in A)the earth's interior.
B)the sun's interior.
C)supernova explosions.
D)black holes.
Q3) A gamma-ray burst is a short, intense flood of gamma rays
A)from the sun.
B)from the black hole at the center of our galaxy.
C)from a nearby neutron star.
D)that may have caused biological extinctions in the past.
Q4) The less the mass of a main-sequence star, the A)lower its density.
B)cooler it is.
C)brighter it is.
D)shorter its lifetime.
Page 20
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Chapter 19: The Universe
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Sample Questions
Q1) Present evidence suggests that the universe
A)will expand forever.
B)will eventually stop expanding and then remain a fixed size.
C)will eventually stop expanding and then contract.
D)has just begun to contract.
Q2) In a "closed" universe
A)expansion of the universe will continue forever.
B)no additional new stars will form.
C)the universe will neither expand nor collapse.
D)expansion will stop and the universe will ultimately collapse.
Q3) The cosmic background radiation today
A)is present only in galaxies.
B)is present everywhere in the universe.
C)accounts for less of the radiation in the universe than starlight.
D)is visible as a faint glow in the sky on dark nights.
Q4) The Milky Way is a
A)globular duster.
B)nearby galaxy.
C)galaxy with the sun at its center.
D)galaxy with the sun some distance from its center.
Page 21
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