Course Introduction
Comparative Cultures Exam Bank
Comparative Cultures explores the similarities and differences among diverse societies across the globe, focusing on social structures, belief systems, customs, arts, and everyday practices. Through the examination of case studies and theoretical approaches, students gain a deeper understanding of how cultural identities are formed and expressed, how values and worldviews shape human experiences, and how intercultural interactions influence societal development. The course encourages critical thinking about cultural diversity, global interconnectedness, and the challenges and opportunities of living in a multicultural world.
Recommended Textbook
Cultural Anthropology The Human Challenge 13th Edition by William A. Haviland
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16 Chapters
1469 Verified Questions
1469 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: The Essence of Anthropology
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107 Verified Questions
107 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) While ethnography is the in-depth study of a single culture,ethnology is the comparative study of culture.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) Ethnographic fieldwork _______________.
A)is usually associated with the study of wealthy elites
B)is usually associated with the study of North American society
C)is usually associated with the study of non-Western peoples
D)can also be applied to the study of Western industrialized societies
E)c and d
Answer: E
Q3) Nowhere in the world have anthropologist documented same-sex marriages.In all human societies such unions are deemed inappropriate under any circumstances.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Chapter 2: Characteristics of Culture
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103 Verified Questions
103 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to Bronislaw Malinowski,the nature of an institution is determined by its
A)structure
B)function
C)culture
D)superstructure
E)infrastructure
Answer: B
Q2) As represented by the barrel model of culture,culture is an integrated system that responds to a combination of ___________________________________.
A)structural integrity
B)ideology and religion
C)internal factors
D)ethical integrity
E)internal factors.
Answer: E
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Page 4
Chapter 3: Ethnographic Research: Its History, methods, and
Theories
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114 Verified Questions
114 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following anthropologists was involved in the creation of "culture-at-a-distance" studies?
A)Edward Tylor
B)William Haviland
C)Clifford Geertz
D)Ruth Mead
E)Ruth Benedict
Answer: E
Q2) Anthropologists cannot control subjectivity.
A)True
B)False Answer: False
Q3) Annette Weiner worked in the Trobriand Islands in the 1960s.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q4) Anthropology emerged as a scientific discipline less than 20 years ago.
A)True
B)False Answer: False
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Chapter 4: Becoming Human: the Origin and Diversity of Our Species
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86 Verified Questions
86 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) _______________ are typically represented in the popular media as "cave men."
A)Australopithecus
B)Cro-Magnon
C)Neandertals
D)Homo habilis
E)Homo erectus
Q2) The first mammals appeared over _______________ years ago and the earliest primates appeared about _______________ years ago.
A)500 million/50 million
B)200 million/65 million
C)350 million/150 million
D)400 million/60 million
E)50 million/65 million
Q3) A race is a subspecies within Homo Sapiens.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Some 65 million years ago the change in climate began to favor the development of arboreal mammals.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 5: Language and Communication
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79 Verified Questions
79 Flashcards
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Sample
Questions
Q1) In France,a committee exists which has the job of eliminating subversive foreign influences in the form of words borrowed from other languages.English is a major offender (as in le bluejeans or le hamburger).This is an example of
A)French close mindedness
B)linguistic parochialism
C)linguistic nationalism
D)ethnolinguistics
E)core vocabulary
Q2) Displacement refers to the concept of being able to refer to things that are ____________________?
A)Both signals and symbols as forms of communication
B)Elements of written language being used incorrectly
C)Signals that are in response to aspects of the immediate environment
D)Symbols that are arbitrary and can be used independently.
E)removed from time and space
Q3) Linguistic nationalism refers to the establishment of a nation which everyone speaks only one language.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 6: Social Identity, personality, and Gender
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92 Verified Questions
92 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Native Americans believe everything that exists has a purpose.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Clearly,the biological capacity for what we think of as humanhood,which entails culture,must be nurtured to be realized.
A)True
B)False
Q3) For anthropology,_______________ developed the idea that personality is a cultural construct.
A) Benjamin D. Paul
B) Betty Friedan
C) Michael Cole
D) Elizabeth Colson
E) Ruth Fulton Benedict
Q4) One of the pioneers of anthropology is _______________.
A)Nancy Scheper-Hughes
B)Catherine Bateson
C)Mary Douglas
D)Margaret Mead
E)Ruth Benedict
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Chapter 7: Patterns of Subsistence
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94 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements about stability and change in culture is incorrect?
A)Episodes of major change may be followed by long periods of relative stability.
B)Native American Indians in northwestern New England and southern Quebec had a culture that remained relatively stable for about 5,000 years.
C)Culture change was entirely absent from the culture of Native American Indians in northwestern New England and southern Quebec between 3500 B.C.
And the 17th century A.D. ;their culture was static.
D)Long periods of cultural stability indicate an effective adaptation to an environment.
E)Rapid culture change may cause a cultural system to break down.
Q2) Frequent nursing of children over as many as 4 or 5 years acts to stimulate ovulation among food foragers such as Bushman.As a consequence,women give birth to many offspring at shorter intervals.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 8: Economic Systems
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69 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Child labor plays an important role in ___________________.
A)family dynamics
B)economics
C)food-producing industrialized nations
D)interethnic fighting in Namibia
E)none of the above
Q2) The Kula ring is a form of _______________ that reinforces trade relations among a group of seafaring Melanesians inhabiting a ring of islands off the eastern coast of Papua NEW Guinea.
A)negative reciprocity
B)balanced reciprocity
C)market exchange
D)silent trade
E)generalized reciprocity
Q3) Which of the following is not a chemical found in chocolate?
A)anandamide
B)anandamidelike chemical compounds
C)phenylethylamine
D)trytophan
E)formaldehyde
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Chapter 9: Sex, marriage, and Family
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Sample Questions
Q1) The levirate and the sororate _______________.
A)are secret societies,like sororities and fraternities
B)function to maintain the relationship between the family of the bride and the family of the groom
C)do not work if the surviving spouse was an only child
D)are types of cattle in pastoralist societies
E)exist only in advanced industrial societies
Q2) Anthropologists have found that the incest taboo is a universal phenomenon.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Two or more people related by blood,marriage,or adaptation is called
A)family
B)conjugal bond
C)endogamous group
D)nuclear family
E)serial marriage
Q4) First-cousin marriage is prohibited in 40 states in the United States.
A)True
B)False
Page 11
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Chapter 10: Kinship and Descent
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Q1) Jane Doe,after being away from home for many years,decides to hold a family reunion.She invites her siblings,parents,both sets of grandparents,her great-aunts and great-uncles,their children,her aunts and uncles and their children.This group brought together for a temporary time,with such vague boundaries,is called a(n)_______________.
A)clan
B)kindred
C)family circle
D)lineage
E)explosive situation
Q2) What were the Maori migration routes based on mitochondrial DNA studies?
A)sub-Saharan Africa
B)northern Egypt
C)northern Mesopotamia
D)southeast China
E)southern England
Q3) The Dutch people allow honor killings in order to respect minority cultures.
A)True
B)False
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Page 12
Chapter 11: Grouping by Gender, age, common Interest, and Class
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Sample Questions
Q1) In North America,and other Western countries,women have finally achieved full parity with men in terms of income,status,and power.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The _______________ is perhaps the world's longest surviving social hierarchy;it encompasses a complex ranking of social groups on the basis of ritual purity.
A)American social system
B)Japanese caste system
C)English system of royalty
D)Hindu caste system
E)Buddhist caste system
Q3) Most African slaves found in the burial ground in NEW York died before the age of
A)20
B)30
C)40
D)35
E)none of the above
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Chapter 12: Politics, power, and Violence
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97 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) A cross-cultural comparison of systems of political organization reveals that
A)many women who hold high office do so by virtue of their relationship to men
B)many women in positions of leadership adopt characteristics of temperament that are usually considered masculine
C)in many societies, women have as much political power as men
D)women may play an important role in political decisions even when they are not visible public leaders
E)all of the above
Q2) Which of the following is not a form of political organization?
A)tribe
B)band
C)group
D)chiefdom
E)state
Q3) States are less stable than decentralized political systems.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 13: Spirituality, religion, and the Supernatural
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Q1) Which of the following represent the social functions of religion?
A)initiation rites among the Australian aborigines that teach tribal lore
B)rituals of garden magic among the Trobrianders that keep everyone working systematically at the dull,routine job of garden maintenance
C)myths that define divinely sanctioned roles for males and females
D)rites of passage that mark the transition from one life stage to another
E)All of the above
Q2) Interceding with the spirits and drawing out their invisible arrows is the task of (Ju/'hoansi)healers.
A)True
B)False
Q3) _______________ forms part of a cultural system's superstructure,which comprises a society's worldview.
A)Political philosophy
B)Economic organization
C)Social structure
D)Religion
E)The arts
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15
Chapter 14: The Arts
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Questions
Q1) Americans are familiar with the story of Cinderella.Similar stories may be found throughout the world: a poor,beautiful girl,downtrodden by her stepmother,receives supernatural aid to win the hand of a noble prince who is searching for a bride.Although the circumstances differ (the girl may be a rural peasant or a servant in a great house,the supernatural helper may be a fairy godmother or a goldfish,the prince may belong to European feudalism or the Aztec empire),all the stories exhibit the same basic
A)motif
B)tonality
C)legend
D)mythological structure
E)epic
Q2) Art is either visual or verbal only.
A)True
B)False
Q3) ?Some form of visual art is a part of every historically known human culture.
A)True
B)False
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16
Chapter 15: Processes of Change
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Sample Questions
Q1) Eric Wolf helped expose counter-insurgency use of anthropological research in Southeast Asia.
A)True
B)False
Q2) _______________ is a relatively recent phenomenon,occurring only during the past 5,000 years or so.
A)Terrorism
B)Depression
C)Recession
D)Revolution
E)Stagnation
Q3) In acculturation,subordinate groups will often incorporate new cultural elements into their own culture,creating a blend of old and new;a reinterpretation of new cultural elements to fit them with already existing traditions is called _______________.
A)syncretism
B)innovation
C)diffusion
D)integrative mechanisms
E)modernization
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Page 17
Chapter 16: Global Challenges local Responses and the
Role of Anthropology
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87 Verified Questions
87 Flashcards
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Q1) Today,about _______________ people in almost half of the world´s countries are either internally displaced or have crossed international borders as refugees.
A)11 million
B)42 million
C)1 billion
D)73 million
E)35 million
Q2) Anthropologists typically expect that distinctive ________________________ will persist into the future,even though there continue to be massive changes facing the world today.
A)languages
B)governments
C)worldviews
D)religions
E)all of the above
Q3) In the Sudan,the young girl is told that circumcision and infibulation are done to her not for her.
A)True
B)False
Page 18
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