Community Health Nursing
Exam Answer Key
Course Introduction
Community Health Nursing focuses on promoting, preserving, and maintaining the health of populations through the application of nursing, social, and public health sciences. This course explores principles and practices of health promotion, disease prevention, and health education in diverse community settings, with particular attention to vulnerable populations. Students learn to assess community health needs, develop and implement community-based interventions, and evaluate outcomes in partnership with individuals, families, and groups. Emphasis is placed on cultural competence, epidemiology, health policy, and interprofessional collaboration to address health disparities and improve overall community well-being.
Recommended Textbook
Ebersole and Hess Gerontological Nursing and Healthy Aging in Canada 2nd Edition by Theris A.
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26 Chapters
314 Verified Questions
314 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/study-set/2017
2
Chapter 1: Introduction to Healthy Aging
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17 Verified Questions
17 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/40122
Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse plans activities for female older persons born between 1930 and 1940 who reside in an assisted-living facility.Which is the best intervention for the nurse to implement?
A)Have them bake cookies twice a week.
B)Conduct interviews for specific interests.
C)Arrange dog and cat visits from volunteers.
D)Take them to the library for guest speakers.
Answer: B
Q2) Historical influences that have shaped the lives of the majority of the middle-old in Canada today include which of the following?
A)Influenza epidemic of 1918
B)Immigration from Communist Europe
C)Child-rearing during the Depression
D)World War II
Answer: D
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3
Chapter 2: Gerontological Nursing History, Education, and Roles
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10 Verified Questions
10 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Gerontological nurses may be generalists or specialists.In order to prepare a nurse generalist, which of the following nursing practices experience would be the most meaningful and helpful?
A)Working with older persons experiencing chronic health conditions found in acute care settings
B)Working with older persons across the continuum of care
C)Working with older persons in long-term care facilities, because this is where most older persons reside
D)Working with older persons in home care, because the goal is to keep them in their homes as long as possible
Answer: B
Q2) A nursing home executive interviews RNs to fill a full-time position for direct patient care, to maintain the standards of older-person care.Which nurse should the nursing home hire?
A)A nurse from a certified university
B)A certified gerontological nurse
C)A nurse with 15 years of experience
D)A gerontological nurse practitioner
Answer: B
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Chapter 3: Communicating With Older Persons
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15 Verified Questions
15 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which type of question should the nurse avoid when communicating with an older person who has aphasia?
A)The nurse should avoid questions that validate understanding.
B)The nurse should avoid questions that have open-ended answers.
C)The nurse should avoid questions that require a yes or no answer.
D)The nurse should avoid asking several questions in a series.
Answer: B
Q2) The nurse needs to obtain information from an older person who has dysarthria.If the nurse experiences difficulty in understanding the older person, which one of the following actions would be the nurse's best response?
A)Allow for several brief conversations.
B)Repeat a part that is not understood.
C)Ask questions using very simple terms.
D)Provide a questionnaire with large type.
Answer: B
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Chapter 4: Culture, Ethnicity, and Aging
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12 Verified Questions
12 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements is true about gerontological nursing for patients of different races and ethnic backgrounds?
A)The fact that a nurse is white has no bearing on the nurse's ability to care for patients who are members of a minority group.
B)An encyclopedic accumulation of details of a particular culture is the best preparation for caring for persons from that culture.
C)A nurse who works in Toronto does not need to be as concerned about sensitivity to multiple cultures as a nurse who works in Vancouver.
D)Facial expressions, body language, posture, and touch are important elements of communication between a nurse and a patient from different ethnicities.
Q2) Which health belief system uses treatments to repair a body part?
A)Holistic
B)Biomedical
C)Personalistic
D)Magicoreligious
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Chapter 5: Nursing Documentation
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is a true statement about documentation?
A)Nurses should keep records of patients' wishes.
B)Patients do not have access to their own medical records.
C)The DARE approach is a complete record of the health status of a patient.
D)The nurse is responsible for completing all of the Minimum Data Set (MDS).
Q2) A 75-year-old adult has been admitted to the surgical unit.You are not assigned to admit the older person; however, you overhear two nurses standing beside the mobile computer in the hallway discussing the admission.Which one of the following outlines rules ensuring privacy for this older person?
A)The Continuing Care Reporting System (CCRS)
B)Personal Health Information Protection Act (PHIPA)
C)Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)
D)The Canadian Nurses Association's Code of Ethics
Q3) The same nursing documentation record is used in every unit of a hospital.Why does a hospital use a standardized form for nursing documentation?
A)Standardized documentation helps to provide continuity of care.
B)Standardized documentation assists in maintaining confidentiality.
C)Standardized documentation reduces the number of medication errors.
D)Standardized documentation guarantees excellence of care between units.
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Page 7
Chapter 6: Biological Theories and Physical Changes of Aging
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13 Verified Questions
13 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) An older person is reading a large-print magazine and states that reading is difficult for her in the evening.Which following intervention should the nurse implement?
A)Put a high-intensity lamp at the head of her bed.
B)Explain to her that the grey-yellow ring around her cornea, arcus senilis, is interfering with visual acuity.
C)Put more powerful tubes in the fluorescent room lights.
D)Examine her retinas for signs of damage.
Q2) Decreased functioning of which physical structure is likely to result in decreased metabolism in older persons?
A)Kidney
B)Thyroid gland
C)Brain
D)Skeleton
Q3) Which change in the skin is abnormal in an older person?
A)Thinner and more fragile skin
B)A tear in the skin after being assisted with transferring from the bed
C)Mottled pigmentation and greater number of freckles
D)Loss of hair on the extremities
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Chapter 7: Social, Psychological, Spiritual, and Cognitive Aspects of Aging
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11 Verified Questions
11 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/40128
Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse observes older female adults learning advanced knitting techniques.The nurse concludes that this is a suitable learning activity for these women because it accomplishes which goal?
A)It helps to maintain joint flexibility.
B)It improves the group's cohesiveness.
C)It provides a needed social opportunity.
D)It adds to their existing knowledge base.
Q2) The nurse provides opportunities for nursing home residents to read aloud to others.Which cognitive skill is this nursing intervention most likely to improve?
A)Verbal fluency
B)Logical analysis
C)Object naming
D)Visuospatial skills
Q3) Which physiological change in the brain is the reason the nurse allows more time for older persons to answer questions?
A)Increased secretion of acetylcholine
B)Decreased secretion of neurotransmitters such as dopamine
C)Loss of brainstem neurons
D)Atrophy of dendrites in the cerebral cortex
Page 9
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Chapter 8: Nutritional Needs
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13 Verified Questions
13 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The health care aides working at a long-term care facility need help to properly feed residents who require assistance with feeding.Which of the following plans should the nurse implement to ensure that the residents are fed properly?
A)Instruct the health care aides to feed four people at a time.
B)Draw on the availability of family members who are able to follow instructions.
C)Ask some residents to self-feed for part of the mealtime.
D)Feed the residents at different times (e.g., feed one group lunch at 1100 hours, and feed a second group lunch at 1200 hours).
Q2) Which of the following is a true statement about nutrition for older persons?
A)The older person should be encouraged to practise strict controls on cholesterol intake to ensure protection against heart disease.
B)Transportation can be a critical factor in nutritional insufficiency in older persons.
C)Ethnic cooking is a major concern for older persons, because it makes balanced nutrition difficult to maintain.
D)There are no government programs to promote congregate dining among older persons.
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Chapter 9: Hydration and Continence
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12 Verified Questions
12 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements is true about fluid intake for older persons?
A)An older person's daily total volume should be 1000 to 1500 mL.
B)Coffee is a suitable beverage for maintaining hydration.
C)Sports drinks should not be consumed, because they contain too much sugar.
D)The amount of fluid offered with medication administration should be standardized (at least 100 mL) for an older person.
Q2) Which one of the following signs and symptoms is characteristic of a urinary tract infection (UTI) in an older person?
A)Fever
B)Dysuria
C)Anorexia
D)Flank pain
Q3) The nurse assesses an older male resident in a nursing home for urinary incontinence and determines that he is unaware of the problem.Which recommendation should the nurse implement?
A)Limit the resident's oral fluid intake.
B)Provide scheduled (timed) toileting.
C)Apply an absorbent undergarment.
D)Encourage frequent rest periods.
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Page 11
Chapter 10: Rest, Sleep, and Activity
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12 Verified Questions
12 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) An older female adult maintains an active lifestyle, playing various games with friends.She reports to the nurse that she experiences wakefulness during the night and an inability to fall asleep after waking up at night.Which intervention should the nurse implement to improve the quality of this woman's sleep?
A)Recommend preparation for sleep.
B)Suggest trying a cup of warm milk at bedtime.
C)Inquire about her nightly sleep habits.
D)Propose volunteer work at a thrift shop.
Q2) During the night, an older female adult complains to the nurse that she has not slept more than two hours since her admission to the hospital.Which intervention should the nurse implement to increase the duration of this woman's sleep?
A)Inquire about the sleep habits used at home.
B)Suggest that she avoid napping during the day.
C)Tell her that sleep is fragmented in older people.
D)Offer her a book or suggest she watch a movie.
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12
Chapter 11: Promoting Healthy Skin and Feet
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15 Verified Questions
15 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) An older person has a vitamin C deficiency.Which of the following does the nurse provide to the older person to supply the missing vitamin important for maintaining healthy skin and enhancing tissue repair?
A)Carrot sticks
B)Nonfat milk
C)Orange slices
D)Unsalted nuts
Q2) The nurse cares for an older male adult who has a malignant melanoma.Which intervention should the nurse implement for this man, to prevent a recurrence or advancement of this condition in the future?
A)Place posters about sunscreen in the halls of his apartment building.
B)Promote application of sunscreen at his neighbourhood health fair.
C)Tell him to schedule all outdoor activities after 1600 hours daily.
D)Instruct him to wear sun-protective clothing and a hat at all times.
Q3) Which of the following topical agents is safe to apply?
A)Corn starch, to absorb moisture in the groin area
B)Betadine, to disinfect a healing pressure ulcer
C)An over-the-counter preparation, to dissolve a corn
D)Zinc oxide ointment to an area of excoriation
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Page 13
Chapter 12: Maintaining Mobility and Environmental Safety
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13 Verified Questions
13 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse assesses the quality of which patient characteristic when applying the Get Up and Go test from the Hendrich II Fall Risk Model?
A)Stride
B)Speed
C)Balance
D)Flexibility
Q2) The nurse is assessing an older person in order to plan for fall screening prevention.What information should the nurse gather for the plan of care?
A)Information about the environment in hospital and at home
B)The patient's emotional status
C)The patient's financial status
D)The patient's occupational history
Q3) Driving cessation has been associated with which of the following?
A)Decreased social integration
B)Decreased income
C)Increase in falls
D)More prescription medications
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Chapter 13: Assessment Tools in Gerontological Nursing
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13 Verified Questions
13 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/40134
Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse assesses an older male adult who has Alzheimer's disease and his caregiver.Which information from the caregiver warrants further investigation by the nurse to assess the caregiver for strain?
A)The patient wants to stay home.
B)The patient sleeps on two pillows.
C)The patient sits in the chair all day.
D)The patient does not like to be alone.
Q2) Which type of assessment tool gives the most reliable results for an older person?
A)Medical history
B)Self-report
C)Observational
D)Report-by-proxy
Q3) Which of the following is considered a functional activity needed for independent living (an instrumental activity of daily living, or IADL)?
A)Feeding
B)Dressing
C)Washing clothes
D)Getting out of bed
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15
Chapter 14: Safe Medication Use for Older Persons
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10 Verified Questions
10 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Polypharmacy may include which one of the following definitions?
A)10 or more prescribed medications
B)Adverse drug reactions
C)More than 3 prescribers of medications for one client
D)Use of medications that are duplicated or unnecessary
Q2) The relationship of biological rhythms to variations in the body's response to drugs is known as chronopharmacology.When caring for an older person with asthma, what information would help guide the nurse in planning the time to administer medication to the patient?
A)The asthma is most distressing before bedtime.
B)The asthma is most distressing at midday.
C)The asthma is most distressing between 0400 and 0500 hours.
D)The asthma is most distressing after performing activities of daily living.
Q3) In speaking with an older person, which question is likely to elicit the most accurate information about the individual's adherence to the medication plan?
A)"You take digoxin (Lanoxin) at the correct time, don't you?"
B)"Why didn't you take all of your digoxin (Lanoxin) last month?"
C)"How many doses of digoxin (Lanoxin) do you think you missed?"
D)"You have never missed a dose of digoxin (Lanoxin), have you?"
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Page 16
Chapter 15: Living With Chronic Illness
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10 Verified Questions
10 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which statement is the most suitable for establishing goals when teaching an older person with a chronic illness about potential changes in the health maintenance regimen?
A)Management of the patient's chronic disease rests on the patient and caregiver, so goals should be set collaboratively.
B)The patient will be able to make needed changes in his life if you provide accurate, written instructions.
C)Psychological functioning is usually impaired only to a small extent in a patient with a chronic illness.
D)The patient's values, culture, and beliefs will have little to do with the types of changes he will be able to make.
Q2) An older male adult who has osteoarthritis tells the nurse that he has experienced fatigue for the past two weeks.Which nursing intervention should the nurse implement to help him manage fatigue?
A)Recommend an antidepressant.
B)Help him plan exercise and rest.
C)Plan two or three naps every day.
D)Tell him the fatigue is due to osteoarthritis.
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Chapter 16: Pain and Comfort
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Sample Questions
Q1) An older male adult who had a gastric resection states that he wants to ambulate, but the osteoarthritis (OA) in his knees causes too much pain.Which intervention should the nurse implement to increase the amount of walking he can perform?
A)Encourage pain medication around the clock.
B)Instruct him to rest until the pain disappears.
C)Suggest taking pain medication before walking.
D)Collaborate with the health care provider to get him a walker.
Q2) An older female adult had surgery one day ago, and the nurse thinks that the woman also has dementia.While assessing the patient, what indication would the nurse use to determine that the older person is experiencing pain?
A)The patient holds her abdomen tightly.
B)The patient has stable vital signs.
C)The patient is not verbalizing.
D)The patient moves during sleep.
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18
Chapter 17: Diabetes Mellitus
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Sample Questions
Q1) An older female adult who has diabetes mellitus takes Glitazone (a thiazolidinedione medication) and tells the nurse that her blood sugars have been higher than normal since she began using a vaginal cream for hot flashes.Which one of the following interventions is the best one for the nurse to implement?
A)Ask if she had a fever or infection recently.
B)Verify the expiration date of the medication.
C)Review her diet for increased carbohydrates.
D)Ascertain if the vaginal cream contains estrogen.
Q2) An older person with type 2 diabetes mellitus has a sensory impairment and unstable blood sugars.Which alteration in sensory function does the nurse address in the plan of care for stabilizing his blood sugar?
A)The older person requires reading glasses at 2.0 strength.
B)The older person has difficulty hearing in crowded rooms.
C)The older person enjoys spicy food more than bland food.
D)The older person awakens with periodic left-foot numbness.
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Chapter 18: Bone and Joint Health
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13 Verified Questions
13 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) An older male adult who has hyperuricemia complains of severe pain in the right ankle.Which instruction should the nurse include in patient teaching to enhance the action of medication the patient takes for his condition?
A)Avoid dehydration by drinking water.
B)Take aspirin when joints are red and hot.
C)Comply with antihypertensive diuretic regimen.
D)Avoid beef kidneys, asparagus, and alcohol.
Q2) An osteoporosis-related fall necessitated hip-replacement surgery for an older female adult who is entering a rehabilitation facility.Which of the following goals is the nurse's priority during this woman's rehabilitation?
A)Tell the patient to eat whole grains, fruits, and vegetables.
B)Recapture the patient's preoperative mobility status.
C)Keep the patient's surgical wound clean and dry.
D)Tell the patient to take two steps into the walker.
Q3) Which of the following statements about osteoporosis is true?
A)Osteoporosis is indicative of an underlying health problem.
B)The most common site for osteoporosis fractures is in the long bones.
C)Women who are of African descent have the highest risk for osteoporosis.
D)A high risk of death follows an osteoporosis-related hip fracture.
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Page 20
Chapter 19: Visual and Auditory Changes
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10 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Glaucoma is a major public health problem.It is estimated that 250,000 Canadians were living with glaucoma in 2009.Mr.Gonzalez, 70 years of age, has told the nurse that he is experiencing frequent headaches, poor vision in dimly lit areas, increased sensitivity to glare, "tired eyes," and some impaired peripheral vision, especially when he is driving.Which type of glaucoma is Mr.Gonzalez experiencing?
A)Primary open-angle glaucoma
B)Acute angle-closure glaucoma
C)Low tension glaucoma
D)Normal tension glaucoma
Q2) Which of the following factors may exacerbate tinnitus?
A)Hearing aids
B)A diet high in calcium
C)Alcohol and cigarettes
D)History of brain injury
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Chapter 20: Cardio-Vascular and Respiratory Disorders
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11 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) The Public Health Agency of Canada and the Canadian Lung Association recommend that every older person who will be entering a long-term care (LTC) facility as a resident will become part of communal living and must therefore undergo annual testing for tuberculosis (TB).Which of the following statements about TB in older persons is TRUE?
A)The principal threat from TB is its highly contagious nature.
B)The tuberculin purified protein derivative (PPD) test is a conclusive test for TB.
C)Antimicrobial drugs have made TB a thing of the past.
D)Older persons who contracted TB in their youth may suffer reactivation of TB.
Q2) What is the most important goal in the nursing plan of care to decrease the frequency of hospitalizations for acute exacerbations of heart failure (HF) in older persons who have HF?
A)Control fluid balance.
B)Control blood pressure.
C)Prevent deconditioning.
D)Maintain patient safety.
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Chapter 21: Cognitive Impairment and Neurological Disorders
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12 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) An older female adult is recovering in the intensive care unit from a bowel resection, but remains intubated and on a mechanical ventilator.Using the Hospital Elder Life Program (HELP), what should the nurse implement to help prevent delirium in this older person?
A)Assess cognition with Mini-Mental State Exam.
B)Provide uninterrupted periods of rest and sleep.
C)Maintain adequate sedation and pain management.
D)Cover her eyes with protective ophthalmic ointment.
Q2) Classic signs of Parkinson's disease (PD) in an older person include tremors at rest, rigidity (stiff muscles), akinesia (poverty of movement), and postural abnormalities.Which of the following is the most conspicuous sign of PD?
A)Tremor
B)Rigidity
C)Akinesia
D)Postural abnormalities
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23
Chapter 22: Economic and Legal Issues
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Sample Questions
Q1) Social security retirement income programs are designed to minimize the chances of retirees and older people living in poverty in Canada.Which of the following individuals over the age of 65 years would encounter the most challenges in accessing the social security retirement income programs, which include Old Age Security (OAS), Guaranteed Income Supplement (GIS), Allowance for the Survivor, and the Canada Pension Plan (CPP)?
A)Mrs.Perez, who has been living in Canada for eight years as a sponsored immigrant
B)Ms.Soznicki, who has been a common-law partner for ten years
C)Mrs.Haas, who is the widow of an old age security pensioner
D)Mr.Naipal, who has been a same-sex partner for 15 years
Q2) A health care provider asks the nurse about an older male adult's power of attorney because consent is needed for a medically necessary invasive procedure; the patient has end-stage disease, is intubated, and is on mechanical ventilation.Which one of the following steps should the nurse implement?
A)Refer to the patient's advance directive for a name.
B)Assist with obtaining informed consent from the patient.
C)Use an oral test to measure the patient's cognitive function.
D)Apply the Confusion Assessment Method for critical care.
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Chapter 23: Relationships, Roles, and Transitions
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Sample Questions
Q1) The community health nurse delivers a program about retirement planning to middle-aged adults, and wants to them to choose the year of their retirement.On which of the following areas should participants focus to ease their transition into retirement?
A)The kind of legacy they want to leave behind
B)The type of setting they prefer for their personal residence
C)The location of convenient health care services
D)The ability to maintain a stable standard of living
Q2) The children of an older female adult ask the nurse for advice about helping their mother heal after her husband's death.Which strategy should the nurse share with the family?
A)Appoint one family member to take the mother on outings.
B)Coordinate family expressions of care and concern.
C)Have each child plan a long trip with their mother's assistance.
D)Take the mother to community events to meet other people.
Q3) Which of the following statements about the role of grandparents is true?
A)The usefulness of grandparents declined with the advent of the industrial age.
B)Today, many grandparents are the primary caregivers of their grandchildren.
C)The value of grandparents is to provide gifts to younger family members.
D)Traditionally, parents are subordinate to the grandparents in caregiving.
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Page 25
Chapter 24: Mental Health and Wellness in Later Life
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Sample Questions
Q1) Although an older male adult who was forced to retire from law enforcement has multiple physical complaints, the primary care health care provider finds nothing abnormal.After the man tells the nurse that his girlfriend just left him, what is the priority nursing intervention to complete before this older person leaves?
A)Ask him how he plans to cope with his loss.
B)Use direct questions about access to firearms.
C)Collaborate with the provider for antidepressants.
D)Allow him to express himself by intent listening.
Q2) Which of the following statements about psychotic behaviour in older persons is true?
A)Usually, hallucinations in older patients are the result of psychological conflicts.
B)Illusion, delusion, and hallucination are different terms for the same phenomenon.
C)An older person with psychotic behaviour should be assessed for a variety of causes.
D)Regardless of the cause, dissimilar hallucinations are treated with similar therapies.
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Chapter 25: Loss, Death, and Palliative Care
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Sample Questions
Q1) An older patient who has end-stage pulmonary disease decides to accept care from the palliative care nurse.This older person is most likely to benefit from the palliative care nurse in terms of which following patient need of Weisman's six needs for the dying?
A)Closure
B)Control
C)Composure
D)Cohesiveness
Q2) Mrs.Cantor, 70 years of age, has been admitted to hospital with chest pain.She has recently lost her husband because of a sudden myocardial infarction, and she blames herself for not recognizing his warning signs.What is the nurse's priority intervention with Mrs.Cantor?
A)Encourage Mrs.Cantor to complete her activities of daily living.
B)Encourage Mrs.Cantor to express feelings of guilt, fear, anger, or sadness.
C)Assess causes of Mrs.Cantor's disenfranchised grieving processes.
D)Identify Mrs.Cantor's feelings connected to anticipatory grief.
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27
Chapter 26: Care Across the Continuum
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Sample Questions
Q1) Many long-term care (LTC) homes provide an environment that truly represents the best of caring and quality of life, where there is a focus on person-centred care.Which of the following nursing interventions focuses on person-centred care?
A)Maintain consistent resident assignments.
B)Provide structured activities for the residents.
C)Assign only personal support workers (PSWs) to perform bathing.
D)Determine mealtime based on staffing levels.
Q2) A family that includes three small children prepares to move an older female parent into their home, knowing that she stays up all night, and the nurse helps the family prepare for this change.Which part of planning should the nurse indicate is the family's highest priority?
A)Sharing household responsibilities
B)Preparing the house for her arrival
C)Helping her use her skills and talents
D)Setting limits on nighttime activities
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