Community and Organizational Behavior
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Course Introduction
Community and Organizational Behavior explores the dynamics of human behavior within groups, organizations, and communities. This course examines the psychological, social, and cultural factors that influence how individuals interact, communicate, and function in various organizational and community settings. Topics include motivation, leadership, group dynamics, organizational culture, decision-making, conflict resolution, and community engagement. Students will develop an understanding of theories and practical strategies for fostering effective teamwork, ethical leadership, and socially responsible practices aimed at building stronger communities and organizations.
Recommended Textbook
Empowerment Series Understanding Human Behavior and the Social Environment 10th Edition by
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16 Chapters
1290 Verified Questions
1290 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: Introduction to Human Behavior and the Social Environment
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Q1) In assessing behavior,one must be aware of limitations imposed by the environment. A)True
B)False Answer: True
Q2) The step in social work in which the problem or situation is analyzed and interpreted is called:
A) Assessment
B) Interpretation
C) Implementation
D) Intervention
Answer: A
Q3) Clients are in constant dynamic interactions with other systems in their social environments.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Page 3
Chapter 2: Biological Development in Infancy and Childhood
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Q1) Congress has passed a law that makes blocking access to women's clinics a federal crime.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) _____ -year-olds are in the process of separating from their parents and begin to prefer the company of other children over adults.
A) 2½
B) 3
C) 4
D) 5
Answer: C
Q3) By age 18 months,a baby can walk and descend stairs by crawling down backwards.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q4) A woman may function as a surrogate without using her own genetic material. A)True
B)False Answer: True
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Chapter 3: Psychological Development in Infancy and Childhood
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Sample Questions
Q1) Epilepsy is a disability involving problems in muscular coordination and control resulting from damage to the brain's muscle control centers before or during birth.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) The All Handicapped Children Act has evolved into the Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) The analytic area of giftedness is the ability to be insightful,creative,perceptive,and imaginative.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q4) The first phase of smiling for infants is called social smiling.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Page 5
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Chapter 4: Social Development in Infancy and Childhood
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Sample Questions
Q1) How would you measure improvement of a specific behavior?
Q2) All of the following could be physical indicators of child abuse except: A) Lacerations
B) Burns
C) Internal injuries
D) Developmental lags
Q3) Punishment and negative reinforcement both involve decreasing behavior.
A)True
B)False
Q4) What do you consider appropriate parental discipline? Do you feel parents have the right to spank their children?
Q5) Most of the research indicates that television does influence and increase children's violent behavior.
A)True
B)False
Q6) Identify the major concepts involved in systems theory and discuss how each of these concepts might be applied to the dynamics of family systems.
Q7) Describe the perception and treatment of death by: (a)Lebanese families; (b)Hindus; and (c)Jewish families.
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Chapter 5: Ethnocentrism and Racism
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Sample Questions
Q1) All of the following are true about slavery in this country except:
A) Slaves were not viewed as human beings, but as chattel to be bought and sold
B) Marriages among slaves were not recognized by the law
C) For a period of time it was illegal to teach African Americans to read or write
D) Abraham Lincoln believed that African Americans were equal to whites
Q2) _____ is the pattern of intergroup relations that assumes the desirability of maintaining modified English institutions,language,and culture as the dominant standard in American life.
A) Melting pot
B) Cultural pluralism
C) Anglo-conformity
Q3) In Brown vs.Board of Education,the U.S.Supreme Court ruled that racial segregation in public schools was unconstitutional.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Describe how you would conduct an initial meeting with an adult client of a diverse racial or ethnic group. Include your verbal and nonverbal communication.
Q5) Define the Jim Crow laws.
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Chapter 6: Biological Development in Adolescence
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Sample Questions
Q1) First intercourse tends to occur earlier now than it did in the past.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The most commonly used type of birth control pill in the United States is the mini-pill.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Early maturing girls are initially disadvantaged.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Less than 30 percent of all males have nocturnal emissions at some time.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Female condoms look just like male condoms except they're intended to be purchased and applied by the female partner.
A)True
B)False
Q6) A teenage client comes to you and tells you that his mother told him that if he didn't quit masturbating his hands would shrivel up and drop off. What do you tell this youngster?
Page 8
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Chapter 7: Psychological Development in Adolescence
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Q1) In _____ of Kohlberg's moral development,laws are considered necessary; however,they are subject to rational thought and interpretation. Community welfare is important.
A) Stage 3: Good Boy/Girl Morality
B) Stage 4: Authority-Maintaining Morality
C) Stage 5: Morality of Contract, of Individual Rights, and of Democratically Accepted Law
D) Stage 6: Morality of Individual Principles and Conscience
Q2) The third level of Gilligan's Theory of Moral Development and Women is "goodness as self-sacrifice."
A)True
B)False
Q3) Gilligan maintains that women are more likely to adopt a care perspective than a justice perspective.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Explain the New Bridge program. How does it strengthen and enhance racial and cultural identity development for adolescents?
Q5) List and explain Marcia's four categories of identity.
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Chapter 8: Social Development in Adolescence
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Sample Questions
Q1) Outline the causes of anorexia nervosa,bulimia nervosa,and compulsive overeating.
Q2) Define social independence and why it is important in adolescence.
Q3) The following theory of criminal activity asserts a person becomes delinquent because of the excess of definitions favorable to violation of law over definitions unfavorable to violation of law:
A) Differential association theory
B) Anomie theory
C) Deviant subcultures theory
D) Control theory
Q4) A group that instructs parents in ways to interact more effectively with their children is best classified as a(an):
A) Educational group
B) Problem-solving group
C) Sensitivity group
D) Socialization group
Q5) Apply anomie theory to delinquency and crime.
Q6) The Tuckman model is considered a relational model of group development.
A)True
B)False
10
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Chapter 9: Gender,Gender Identity,Gender Expression,and Sexism
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Sample Questions
Q1) In gender role stereotyping,women are taught that they should fulfill themselves by becoming wives and mothers,and men should get their main source of satisfaction from their jobs.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Men who batter their female partners tend to adhere to traditional gender-roles.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Which of the following is true:
A) The first phase of the battering cycle is explosion
B) A common reason why a battered woman remains in the battering relationship is that she still loves her spouse
C) Less than 10 percent of all women will suffer from violence at some time in their marriage
D) All shelters for battered women actively encourage permanent separation
Q4) A critical aspect of advocacy for battered women involves changing legal macro systems.
A)True
B)False
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Q5) Explain the difference between a pseudohermaphrodite and a hermaphrodite.
Chapter 10: Biological Aspects of Young and Middle
Adulthood
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Sample Questions
Q1) Eyesight and hearing tend to be sharpest at age 30.
A)True
B)False
Q2) After divorce,is there any difference regarding sex for men and women? If so,what are the differences?
Q3) Describe the changes in physical strength and reaction time for people in middle adulthood.
Q4) As compared to young adults,the following is true for middle-aged adults:
A) For those who begin an exercise program, it takes less time to get the body back into physical shape
B) It takes a shorter period to recover from colds and other common ailments
C) Middle-aged adults are best at tasks that require endurance rather than rapid bursts of energy
D) In the early forties, a general increase in rate of metabolism usually occurs
Q5) Extracting some amount of tissue to examine a breast lump for cancer cells is called a:
A) Needle aspiration
B) Lumpectomy
C) Surgical biopsy
D) Partial mastectomy
Page 12
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Chapter 11: Psychological Aspects of Young and Middle
Adulthood
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80 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Explain what types of nonverbal cues you can observe from posture,body orientation and gestures.
Q2) Describe William Glasser's choice theory explanation of human behavior.
Q3) A person's sexual feelings can be signaled through gestures,and Scheflen states that _____ behavior is designed to send a message that the sender is attracted to the receiver.
A) Romanticizing
B) Coy
C) Preening
D) Primping
Q4) In Levinson's theories,"entering the adult world" occurs during the following transition:
A) Early adult transition
B) Entry life structure for early adulthood
C) Culminating life structure for early adulthood
D) Entry life structure for middle adulthood
Q5) Define the intimate,personal,social,and public zone.
Q6) Diagram Maslow's hierarchy of needs which motivate human behavior.
Page 13
Q7) Describe the Dutch approach to combating drug abuse. Do you think it would work in the United States? Why or why not?
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Chapter 12: Sociological Aspects of Young and Middle
Adulthood
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Sample Questions
Q1) The following is a basic tenet of the human relations approach to organizational behavior:
A) The level of production is set by physiological capacities and not by social norms
B) Noneconomic rewards and sanctions significantly affect the behavior of the workers and largely limit the effect of economic incentive plans
C) Workers react as individuals rather than as members of groups
D) The role of leadership is unimportant in understanding social factors in organizations
Q2) The following theorist played a prominent role in developing total quality management (TQM):
A) W. Edwards Deming
B) Frederick Taylor
C) William Ouchi
D) Peter Drucker
Q3) The propinquity theory holds that our value system consciously and unconsciously guides us in selecting a mate.
A)True
B)False
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Page 14
Chapter 13: Sexual Orientation
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Sample Questions
Q1) Researchers found that heterosexual and gay couples report similar levels of satisfaction with their relationships.
A)True
B)False
Q2) In a 2013 decision,the Supreme Court forced states to accept gay marriages.
A)True
B)False
Q3) According to Storms' interactionist theory:
A) Abnormal hormonal levels during the prenatal period may result in homosexuality
B) Children who mature early and are still interacting with same-gender children may remain sexually interested in the same gender
C) Being gay or lesbian is biologically determined before people reach adolescence
D) Lesbian and gay people have similar amounts of heterosexual experience during childhood and adolescence when compared to heterosexual people
Q4) Violence against gays has decreased dramatically in recent years.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 14: Biological Aspects of Later Adulthood
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Q1) Regularity of sexual release does not help to maintain sexual response capability in later years.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The young-old group of people includes those who are 75 to 85 years old.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The _____ project has mapped the order of DNA base pairs in all the genes in the human body.
A) Genetic Determinism
B) Stem Cell
C) Human Genome
D) Cell Genomics
Q4) Do the potential benefits of genetic testing outweigh the potential dangers? Explain your reasons.
Q5) The following is true about physiological changes experienced by older people:
A) The lungs increase in size, resulting in an increase of oxygen utilization
B) The heart increases in size, and the percentage of fat in the heart decreases
C) The elasticity in the valves of the heart is increased
D) The rhythm of the heart becomes slower and more irregular
Page 16
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Chapter 15: Psychological Aspects of Later Adulthood
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Sample Questions
Q1) This style of grandparent leaves all child-rearing responsibilities to the parents and limits involvement to providing special treats and occasional babysitting:
A) Surrogate parent
B) Distant figure
C) Reservoir of family wisdom
D) Formal figure
Q2) The Talmud is the second most important text for this religion:
A) Judaism
B) Buddhism
C) Christianity
D) Islam
Q3) In Buddhism the following term means morality:
A) Sila
B) Samadhi
C) Panna
D) Nirvana
Q4) List seven of the ten developmental tasks listed in the text that older people encounter.
Q5) Evaluate the disengagement theory.
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Chapter 16: Sociological Aspects of Later Adulthood
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Sample Questions
Q1) Long-term housing facilities which are designed to provide a full range of accommodations and services for affluent older people as their needs change are called:
A) Congregate housing facilities
B) Assisted-living facilities
C) Continued care retirement communities
D) Foster-care homes
Q2) _____ voters passed that state's Death with Dignity Act that allows doctors to prescribe lethal drugs at the request of terminally ill patients who have less than six months to live.
A) California
B) Wisconsin
C) Oregon
D) Hawaii
Q3) List five categories describing mistreatment of older people.
Q4) What services are offered by the Service Corps of Retired Executives?
Q5) The supplemental security income is usually referred to as social security. A)True B)False
Q6) What is involved in the Supplemental Security Income program?
Page 18
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