Colonial and Revolutionary America
Test Preparation
Course Introduction
This course explores the history of North America from the early period of European colonization through the American Revolution and the formation of the United States. Students will examine interactions among Indigenous peoples, European settlers, and African populations, and analyze how economic, social, political, and cultural forces shaped colonial societies. Key topics include the development of colonial economies, the impact of slavery, religious movements, resistance to imperial rule, and the ideological and practical origins of the Revolution. The course encourages critical engagement with primary sources and historical scholarship to understand the complexity and diversity of the American colonial and revolutionary experience.
Recommended Textbook
The Unfinished Nation A Concise History of the American People Volume I To 1877 5th Edition by
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Chapter 1: The Meeting of Cultures
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Sample Questions
Q1) In Spanish colonial societies, mestizos
A)were considered to be at the top of the social hierarchy.
B)came to make up the largest segment of the population.
C)were officially illegal but generally tolerated.
D)were usually sold into slavery.
E)was the name given to Catholic priests, friars, and missionaries.
Answer: B
Q2) Many pre-Columbian tribes east of the Mississippi River were loosely linked by A)the shared use of a series of forts.
B)common linguistic roots.
C)economic compacts.
D)intertribal religious festivals.
E)the Iroquois Confederacy.
Answer: B
Q3) The early Spanish settlers were successful at establishing plantations, but not at finding gold or silver.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Chapter 2: Transplantations and Borderland
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Sample Questions
Q1) The suppression of Bacon's Rebellion helped spur
A)tobacco production.
B)slavery in Virginia.
C)European investment.
D)the triangular trade.
E)calls for independence from England.
Answer: B
Q2) The first truly marketable crop in Virginia was ______________________. Answer: tobacco
Q3) The "middle ground" refers in part to areas on the western edges of English colonial settlements.
A)True
B)False Answer: True
Q4) The Caribbean settlements of England were the main source of slaves for the English colonies of North America.
A)True
B)False Answer: True
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Chapter 3: Society and Culture in Provincial America
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Sample Questions
Q1) George Whitefield is to be associated with the A)growth of American Catholicism.
B)founding of the American Baptist Church.
C)Quakers.
D)Great Awakening.
E)Enlightenment.
Answer: D
Q2) Parliament passed the Iron Act in 1750 to encourage colonial production of this metal.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q3) French Calvinists were referred to as ____________________.
Answer: Huguenots
Q4) Those Puritans who could give evidence of grace and were admitted to full church membership were called ______________________.
Answer: visible saints
Q5) The largest outbreak of witchcraft in British North America took place in ___________.
Answer: Salem
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Chapter 4: The Empire in Transition
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Sample Questions
Q1) In 1770 Prime Minister Lord North repealed all of the _____________________ except the tax on tea.
Q2) In 1766, in response to colonial protests against the Stamp Act, the British government
A)closed the port of Boston.
B)attempted to arrest the authors of the "Virginia Resolves."
C)created the Currency Act.
D)sent additional troops to the colonies.
E)rescinded the Stamp Act.
Q3) The Boston Massacre was followed by three years of relative peace and quiet. A)True
B)False
Q4) The legislation confirming parliamentary authority over the colonies was called the ____________.
Q5) The first clash of the French and Indian War took place near what is now A)Detroit.
B)Buffalo.
C)Pittsburgh.
D)St.Louis.
E)Chicago.
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Chapter 5: The American Revolution
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements regarding the American Revolution and Native Americans is FALSE?
A)The outcome of the war largely weakened the position of Indians.
B)Indians generally had better relations with the British than the Americans.
C)Most Indian tribes ultimately chose to fight on the side of the British.
D)American Patriots had generally tried to persuade Indians to be neutral in the war.
E)Some Indians took advantage of the conflict to launch attacks of their own.
Q2) The beginning of hostilities in 1775 found the colonies generally unprepared for war.
A)True
B)False
Q3) As leaders of a tax rebellion the 1780s, Daniel Shays and his supporters demanded
A)the nation's capital be moved to New England.
B)an end to paper currency.
C)a moratorium on debt collection.
D)renewed trade agreements with England.
E)the right to vote for all white men, regardless of property holdings.
Q4) Describe the significance France played in the American Revolution.
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Chapter 6: The Constitution and the New Republic
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Sample Questions
Q1) In the first national elections in 1789,
A)all the presidential electors cast their votes for George Washington.
B)Thomas Jefferson was chosen to be vice president.
C)the presidential inauguration was held in Philadelphia.
D)John Adams campaigned against George Washington.
E)Anti-Federalists won a convincing majority in the Senate.
Q2) The Constitution's most distinctive feature was its ____________________.
Q3) As president, George Washington
A)had never envisioned a strong central government.
B)considered it his duty to resolve political controversies.
C)sought to dominate national politics.
D)grew concerned that the federal government was gaining too much power.
E)avoided personal involvement with the deliberations of Congress.
Q4) President Adams was an enthusiastic supporter of the Alien and Sedition Acts.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Characterize the "competing visions" the Federalists and the Republicans had for the country during the 1790s.Which side do you believe had the better vision and why?
Q6) What steps did Hamilton take to strengthen the federal government?
Page 8
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Chapter 7: The Jeffersonian ERA
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Sample Questions
Q1) Religious skepticism resulted in
A)the philosophy of "Unitarianism."
B)a wave of revivalism.
C)both the philosophy of "Unitarianism" and a wave of revivalism.
D)the disestablishment of the Anglican Church.
E)no discernable effect on American religious life.
Q2) In the early nineteenth century, school education was largely the responsibility of A)private institutions.
B)the states.
C)individual cities and towns.
D)the federal government.
E)individual parents.
Q3) In the early nineteenth century, primary and secondary education, but not higher education, operated in close conformity to republican ideals.
A)True
B)False
Q4) In 1811 General William Henry Harrison defeated Native Americans at the Battle of
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Chapter 8: Varieties of American Nationalism
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Sample Questions
Q1) Describe the "era of good feelings" and explain what happened to it.
Q2) During the administration of James Monroe,
A)all cabinet positions were filled by New Englanders.
B)the Federalist Party in effect ceased to exist.
C)Henry Clay became secretary of war.
D)his vice-president was charged with corruption.
E)John C.Calhoun served as secretary of state.
Q3) The end of the War of 1812 suddenly improved the prospects for American industrial development.
A)True
B)False
Q4) By examining the Missouri Compromise, what can one learn about slavery as a political issue in the United States during the early nineteenth century?
Q5) The first national bank had gone out of existence before the War of 1812. A)True B)False
Q6) Chief Justice John Marshall strengthened the ___________ branch of government at the expense of the _____________ and ___________ branches.
Q7) The presidency of James Monroe is often called the "era of __________."
Page 10
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Chapter 9: Jacksonian America
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Sample Questions
Q1) John
C.Calhoun championed a states' rights theory called ___________________.
Q2) John
C.Calhoun's most powerful rival within the Jackson administration was _______________ _______.
Q3) John Tyler saw every cabinet member but one resign together from his administration.
A)True
B)False
Q4) During its two-decade history, the Whig Party won the presidency
A)zero times.
B)one time.
C)two times.
D)three times.
E)four times.
Q5) What role did political parties play during the 1830s and 1840s?
Q6) The Whig Party was the first national political party.
A)True
B)False
Q7) Thomas Dorr and his followers formed a _________________.
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Chapter 10: Americas Economic Revolution
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Sample Questions
Q1) Virtually all of the early craft unions excluded women, even though female workers were numerous in almost every industry.
A)True
B)False
Q2) As the immigrant labor force in New England textile mills grew in the 1840s,
A)the workday grew shorter and wages declined.
B)payment by piece rate replaced a daily wage.
C)women and children were more likely to earn more than men.
D)safety conditions began to improve.
E)the workday grew longer and wages increased.
Q3) By 1860, over half of the manufacturing establishments in the United States were located west of the Mississippi River.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Between 1830 and 1860, what region of the nation changed the most dramatically? Explain.
Q5) Prior to 1860, rural Americans rarely had contact with the rest of the world.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 11: Cotton, Slavery, and the Old South
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Sample Questions
Q1) Perhaps the single strongest unifying factor of pre-Civil War Southern whites was their
A)kinship relationships.
B)contempt of Northern capitalism.
C)perception of white racial superiority.
D)fear of federal authority.
E)intense national pride.
Q2) By 1860, the textile manufacturing sector of the American South
A)was nonexistent.
B)had increased threefold in value over the previous twenty years.
C)had declined in value throughout the 1840s and 1850s.
D)was equal to one-third of the value of cotton exported that year.
E)had come to dominate the Southern economy.
Q3) The South failed to develop a large industrial economy for all of the following reasons EXCEPT
A)the humid climate.
B)little access to liquid capital.
C)the profitability of cotton.
D)the cultural values.
E)a shortage of labor.
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Chapter 12: Antebellum Culture and Reform
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Sample Questions
Q1) Much of William Lloyd Garrison's philosophy can be found in his newspaper, the
Q2) Amistad was an American slave ship originally destined for Florida.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The Massachusetts reformer who built a national movement for new methods of treating the criminally ill was
A)Susan B.Anthony.
B)Elizabeth Cady Stanton.
C)Lucretia Mott.
D)Angelina Grimke.
E)Dorothea Dix.
Q4) In the early nineteenth century, the American Colonization Society
A)was founded by white Virginians opposed to slavery.
B)called for an immediate end to slavery.
C)opposed the idea of compensation for owners who freed their slaves.
D)carried out a large-scale resettlement of freed slaves.
E)was strongly supported by American blacks.
Q5) The Supreme Court case of Prigg v.Pennsylvania concerned the issue of
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Chapter 13: The Impending Crisis
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Sample Questions
Q1) Most travelers going west found the experience both exhilarating and solitary.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Since 1800, what were the factors in the regional development of the United States which made civil war more likely?
Q3) In the 1848 elections, the new party that emerged as a political force was the A)Liberty Party.
B)Know-Nothing Party.
C)Free-Soil Party.
D)Republican Party.
E)Whig Party.
Q4) President Polk used the American victory over Mexico to secure his reelection.
A)True
B)False
Q5) As president, James K.Polk
A)sought war with Britain to resolve the Oregon dispute.
B)won Congressional approval for the annexation of Texas.
C)convinced the British government to divide Oregon at the 54°40' parallel.
D)All the answers are correct.
E)None of the answers are correct.
Page 15
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Chapter 14: The Civil War
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Q1) General Robert E.Lee first directly engaged General Ulysses S.Grant
A)at Gettysburg.
B)in the Wilderness campaign.
C)at Chickamauga.
D)at Vicksburg.
E)at Nashville.
Q2) To build up the Union army, Lincoln originally relied much more on volunteers in state militias than he did an increase in the regular army.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The Republicans sought to encourage the development of the West by passing the ___________________.
Q4) The Peninsular campaign in 1862
A)saw General George McClellan plan an ambitious assault on Richmond.
B)was an example of General McClellan's conservative approach to battle.
C)ultimately ended in a Union withdrawal back to northern Virginia.
D)All the answers are correct.
E)None of the answers are correct.
Q5) How did new technology change the strategy of war?
Q6) Why did 1863 prove to be such a pivotal year on the battlefield?
Page 16
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Chapter 15: Reconstruction and the New South
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Sample Questions
Q1) An end to Reconstruction was achieved by the ______________ of 1877.
Q2) After the Civil War was over, African Americans responded by separating themselves from white institutions.
A)True
B)False
Q3) During Reconstruction, in regards to land ownership in the South,
A)the Freedman's Bureau distributed millions of acres of land to freedmen.
B)most plantations abandoned during the Civil War remained vacant.
C)ownership by both whites and blacks increased.
D)the federal government vigorously acted to confiscate land owned by former Confederates.
E)ownership by whites declined while ownership by blacks increased.
Q4) During Reconstruction, the black labor force worked
A)approximately the same number of hours as during slavery.
B)significantly fewer hours than had been the case during slavery.
C)more hours than had been the case during slavery.
D)significantly more hours than the white labor force.
E)significantly less hours than the white labor force.
Q5) The last federal troops were withdrawn from the South by President _________.
Q6) Describe "Jim Crow."
Page 17
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Chapter 16: The Conquest of the Far West
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Sample Questions
Q1) The Sand Creek Massacre of 1864
A)involved the killing of Indian women and children.
B)saw the death of Chief Black Kettle.
C)was carried out by George Custer.
D)moved Colonel J.M.Chivington to denounce the United States Army.
E)All the answers are correct.
Q2) The Timber Culture Act and the Desert Land Act were both designed to limit individual homesteaders in the American West.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The _______________ Act of 1887 sought to assimilate Native Americans into the larger white culture.
Q4) The most valuable mineral in the great Comstock Lode was gold.
A)True
B)False
Q5) By the end of the nineteenth century, the American West was firmly tied to the increasingly powerful industrial economy of the East.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 17: Industrial Supremacy
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Q1) Which of the following statements about the American railroad industry in the late nineteenth century is FALSE?
A)It included the nation's largest businesses.
B)It saw Congress outlaw railroad combinations.
C)It relied partially on government subsidies for its growth.
D)It was among the first to adopt new corporate forms of organization.
E)It became a national symbol of concentrated economic power.
Q2) The Molly Maguires were a militant
A)offshoot of the Knights of Labor.
B)anti-immigration organization.
C)woman suffrage organization.
D)anarchist group.
E)labor union in the coal industry.
Q3) What aspects of Social Darwinism do you believe are true and which are false? Why?
Q4) What factors in society and the business community during the late nineteenth century which would likely determine an individual's prospects for economic success were not considered by the "self-made man" philosophy?
Q5) The author made famous by her 1869 book Little Women was
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