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College Physics II

Final Test Solutions

Course Introduction

College Physics II is a continuation of introductory physics, focusing on electricity, magnetism, optics, and modern physics concepts. The course explores electric forces and fields, electric potential, circuits, magnetic forces and fields, electromagnetic induction, as well as the nature and behavior of light through reflection, refraction, and optical instruments. Additionally, topics in atomic and nuclear physics may be covered, providing a comprehensive understanding of fundamental physical principles and their applications. This course typically includes both lectures and laboratory components to reinforce theoretical concepts with hands-on experimentation.

Recommended Textbook College Physics 11th Edition by Raymond A. Serway

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30 Chapters

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Page 2

Chapter 1: Units, Trigonometry, and Vectors

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Sample Questions

Q1) Vector 1 is 7 units long and is at 70°.Vector 2 is 5 units long and is at 155°.Vector 3 is 3 units long and is at 225°.Which vector has equal-magnitude components?

A)Vector 1

B)Vector 2

C)Vector 3

D)None of the vectors has equal-magnitude components.

Answer: C

Q2) A circle has an area of 3.0 m2.A second circle has double the radius of the first.The area of the second circle is ____ times that of the first.

A)0.8

B)2.0

C)4.0

D)6.0

Answer: C

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Chapter 2: Motion in One Dimension

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Sample Questions

Q1) A rock,released at rest from the top of a tower,hits the ground after 3.5 s.What is the speed of the rock as it hits the ground? (g = 9.8 m/s2 and air resistance is negligible)

A)34 m/s

B)17 m/s

C)44 m/s

D)68 m/s

E)24 m/s

Answer: A

Q2) If a is acceleration,v is velocity,x is position,and t is time,then which equation is not dimensionally correct?

A)t = x/v

B)a = v2/x

C)v = a/t

D)t2 = 2x/a

Answer: C

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Chapter 3: Motion in Two Dimensions

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Sample Questions

Q1) What is the speed of the rock as it hits the ground?

A)11.5 m/s

B)26.8 m/s

C)24.5 m/s

D)16.2 m/s

Answer: B

Q2) An object,initially moving in the negative x-direction,is subjected to a change in velocity in the positive y-direction.If the resulting velocity vector is drawn from the origin,into which quadrant does this vector point?

A)1st

B)2nd

C)3rd

D)None,since the object is now moving in the y-direction. Answer: B

Q3) What is the magnitude of the horizontal displacement of the rock?

A)3.53 m

B)13.3 m

C)222 m

D)26.1 m

Answer: D

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Chapter 4: Newtons Laws of Motion

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Sample Questions

Q1) As a car moves forward on a level road at constant velocity,the net force acting on the tires is:

A)greater than the normal force times the coefficient of static friction.

B)equal to the normal force times the coefficient of static friction.

C)the normal force times the coefficient of kinetic friction.

D)zero.

Q2) A worker pulls a 350-N packing crate at constant velocity across a rough floor by exerting a force F = 200.0 N at an angle of 30.0° above the horizontal.What is the coefficient of kinetic friction of the floor?

A)0.793

B)0.693

C)0.593

D)1.386

E)0.400

Q3) Which of the following is an example of the type of force that acts at a distance?

A)gravitational

B)magnetic

C)electrical

D)all of the above

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Chapter 5: Energy

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Sample Questions

Q1) Which of the following is that form of energy associated with an object's location in a conservative force field?

A)potential

B)thermal

C)bio-chemical

D)kinetic

Q2) An airliner with mass 90 000 kg is flying at 900 km/h at a height of 15.0 km.What is its total energy (kinetic + potential)if the total was 0 when the airliner was at rest on the ground?

A)5.0E+10 J

B)3.6E+10 J

C)1.3E+10 J

D)zero

E)1.6E+10 J

Q3) The work done by static friction can be:

A)positive.

B)negative.

C)zero.

D)Any of the above.

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Page 7

Chapter 6: Momentum, Impulse, and Collisions

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Sample Questions

Q1) A uranium nucleus (mass 238 units)at rest decays into a helium nucleus (mass 4.0 units)and a thorium nucleus (mass 234 units).If the speed of the helium nucleus is 5.5 × 105 m/s,what is the speed of the thorium nucleus?

A)9.4E+3 m/s

B)3.2E+7 m/s

C)3.4E+3 m/s

D)9.4E+7 m/s

E)1.9E-1 m/s

Q2) A model rocket sits on the launch pad until its fuel is ignited,blasting the rocket upward.During the short time of blast-off,as the ignited fuel goes down,the rocket goes up because:

A)the fuel pushes on the ground.

B)air friction pushes on the escaping fuel.

C)the downward force of gravity is less than the downward momentum of the fuel.

D)of none of the above reasons.

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Chapter 7: Rotational Motion and Gravitation

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Sample Questions

Q1) A bucket in an old well is hoisted upward by a rope which winds up on a cylinder having a radius of 0.050 m.How many rev/s must the cylinder turn if the bucket is raised at a speed of 0.15 m/s?

A)3.0 rev/s

B)1.5 rev/s

C)0.48 rev/s

D)0.24 rev/s

Q2) An object weighs 300 N.If the gravitational constant G were half of what it is currently,what would the weight of the object be?

A)300 N

B)150 N

C)75 N

D)600 N

E)450 N

Q3) 2 600 rev/min is equivalent to which of the following?

A)2 600 rad/s

B)43.3 rad/s

C)272 rad/s

D)60.0 rad/s

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Chapter 8: Rotational Equilibrium and Dynamics

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Sample Questions

Q1) A "double satellite" is launched into space.It consists of a satellite of mass m and another satellite of mass 5m.The connecting mechanism of these satellites is an explosive bolt and a compressed spring,both of negligible mass.The bolt is exploded and the satellites drift apart having been pushed by the spring.When the less massive satellite has moved a distance of 2.5 m from the center of mass of the double satellite,how far away from it is the satellite of greater mass?

A)3.0 m

B)2.0 m

C)0.50 m

D)4.5 m

Q2) A hoop with mass,M,and radius,R,rolls along a level surface without slipping with a linear speed,v.What is the ratio of rotational to linear kinetic energy? (For a hoop,I = MR2. )

A)1/4

B)1/2

C)1/1

D)2/5

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Page 10

Chapter 9: Fluids and Solids

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Sample Questions

Q1) Spherical particles of density 2.0 g/cm3 are shaken in a container of water (viscosity = 1.0 × 10 3 N s/m3).The water is 9.0 cm deep and is allowed to stand for 25 minutes.What is the greatest terminal velocity of the particles still in suspension at that time?

A)3.0E-5 m/s

B)4.5E-5 m/s

C)7.5E-5 m/s

D)6.0E-5 m/s

E)8.4E-5 m/s

Q2) A large stone is resting on the bottom of the swimming pool.The normal force of the bottom of the pool on the stone is equal to the

A)weight of the stone.

B)weight of the water displaced.

C)sum of the weight of the stone and the weight of the displaced water.

D)difference between the weight of the stone and the weight of the displaced water.

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Chapter 10: Thermal Physics

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Sample Questions

Q1) The value 1.38 × 10 23 J/K is known as:

A)the universal gas constant.

B)Boltzmann's constant.

C)Avogadro's number.

D)the molar specific.

Q2) If the temperature of an ideal gas contained in a box is increased

A)the average velocity of the molecules in the box will be increased.

B)the average speed of the molecules in the box will be increased.

C)the distance between molecules in the box will be increased.

D)all of the above.

Q3) Metal lids on glass jars can often be loosened by running them under hot water.Why is this?

A)The hot water is a lubricant.

B)The metal and glass expand due to the heating,and the glass being of smaller radius expands less than the metal.

C)The metal has a higher coefficient of thermal expansion than glass so the metal expands more than the glass thus loosening the connection.

D)This is just folklore.

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Chapter 11: Energy in Thermal Processes

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Sample Questions

Q1) At high noon,the Sun delivers 990 W to each square meter of a blacktop road.What is the equilibrium temperature of the hot asphalt,assuming its emissivity e = 1? ( = 5.67 × 10 8 W/m2 K4).

A)364°C

B)637°C

C)90.5°C

D)181°C

E)136°C

Q2) What temperature increase is necessary to increase the power radiated from an object by a factor of 8?

A)8 K

B)2 K

C)100%

D)about 68%

E)about 168%

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Chapter 12: The Laws of Thermodynamics

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Sample Questions

Q1) An avalanche of ice and snow of mass 1 500 kg slides a vertical distance of 190 m down a mountainside.If the temperature of the ice,snow,mountain and surrounding air are all at 0°C,what is the change in entropy of the universe?

A)2.05E+4 J/K

B)1.02E+4 J/K

C)5.12E+3 J/K

D)3.41E+3 J/K

E)1.04E+3 J/K

Q2) Which of the processes on a monatomic ideal gas given below will result in the temperature of the gas increasing? W is the work done by the gas.

A)a process where Q = W

B)a process where Q = -2W

C)a process where Q = 2W

D)None of the above will increase the temperature of the gas.

Q3) Of the following heat engines,which has the highest efficiency?

A)Hero's engine

B)a Carnot engine

C)a car's gasoline engine

D)a truck's diesel engine

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Page 14

Chapter 13: Vibrations and Waves

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Sample Questions

Q1) A 0.200-kg object,attached to a spring with spring constant k = 16.0 N/m,is moving on a horizontal frictionless surface in simple harmonic motion of amplitude of 0.0840 m.What is its speed at the instant when its displacement is 0.0420 m? (Hint: Use conservation of energy. )

A)6.51 m/s

B)0.269 m/s

C)65.1 cm/s

D)84.0 cm/s

E)46.0 cm/s

Q2) The position of a 0.700-kg mass undergoing simple harmonic motion is given by x = (0.160 m)cos ( t/16).What is its position at t = 5.80 s?

A)-0.0670 m

B)0.0622 m

C)6.25 m

D)0.0670 m

E)0.610 m

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Chapter 14: Sound

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Sample Questions

Q1) An airplane flying with a constant speed flies from a warm air mass into a cold air mass.The Mach number will

A)increase.

B)decrease.

C)stay the same.

D)become unstable.

Q2) Comparing the speed of sound in liquids,gases,and solids,the speed of sound is usually lowest in ____ and highest in ____.

A)solids,liquids

B)gases,liquids

C)liquids,solids

D)gases,solids

Q3) What sound level change corresponds to a factor of two change in intensity?

A)0.2 dB

B)2.0 dB

C)3.0 dB

D)11 dB

E)20 dB

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Chapter 15: Electric Forces and Fields

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Sample Questions

Q1) Two point charges each have a value of 35.5 mC and are separated by a distance of 4.0 cm.What is the electric field midway between the two charges? (ke = 8.99 × 109 N·m2/C2)

A)7.1E+8 N/C

B)3.5E+8 N/C

C)1.8E+8 N/C

D)zero

E)2.0E+8 N/C

Q2) Charges q,q,and -q are placed on the x-axis at x = 0,x = 4 m,and x = 6 m,respectively.At which of the following points does the electric field have the greatest magnitude?

A)x = 3 m

B)x = 5 m

C)x = 8 m

D)The electric field has the same magnitude at all three positions.

E)x = 7 m

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Chapter 16: Electrical Energy and Capacitance

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Sample Questions

Q1) The unit of capacitance,the farad,is dimensionally equivalent to which of the following?

A)V/C

B)V C

C)J/V

D)C/V

Q2) Four identical 1.5-mF capacitors are connected together electrically.What is the least possible capacitance of the combination?

A)3.0E-4 F

B)2.5E-4 F

C)3.8E-4 F

D)1.5E-3 F

E)6.7E-4 F

Q3) Three capacitors of 0.60,1.2,and 2.9 F are connected in series.Find the combined capacitance.

A)2.8 F

B)4.7 F

C)6.8 F

D)0.35 F

E)2.1 F

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Chapter 17: Current and Resistance

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Sample Questions

Q1) An electric car is designed to run off a bank of 15-V batteries with total energy storage of 2.1 × 107 J.If the electric motor draws 4 200 W in moving the car at a steady speed of 14 m/s,how far will the car go before it is "out of juice?"

A)35 km

B)70 km

C)140 km

D)110 km

E)18 km

Q2) A high-voltage transmission line of diameter 2 cm and length 150 km carries a steady current of 1 000 A.If the conductor is copper with a free charge density of 8 × 1028 electrons/m3,how long does it take one electron to travel the full length of the cable? (e = 1.6 × 10 19 C)

A)6.0 × 102 s

B)6.0 × 104 s

C)6.0 × 106 s

D)6.0 × 108 s

E)6.0 × 10-10 s

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Chapter 18: Direct-Current Circuits

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Sample Questions

Q1) When a 20.8- resistor is connected across a 15.6-V battery,a current of 500 mA flows.What is the internal resistance of the battery?

A)20.8

B)10.4

C)31.2

D)0.732

E)1.25

Q2) Three resistors with values of R1,R2 and R3,respectively,are connected in series.Which of the following expresses the total resistance,RT,of the three resistors?

A)RT = R1 + R2 + R3

B)RT = (1/R1 + 1/R2 + 1/R3)

C)RT = R1 = R2 = R3

D)RT = (1/R1 + 1/R2 + 1/R3) 1

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Chapter 19: Magnetism

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Sample Questions

Q1) A solenoid with 568 turns,0.19 m long,carrying a current of 3.5 A and with a radius of 10 2 m will have what strength magnetic field at its center? (magnetic permeability in empty space µ0 = 4 × 10 7 T m/A)

A)1.2E-1 T

B)3.3E-3 T

C)2.5E-3 T

D)1.3E-2 T

E)4.1E-2 T

Q2) The current in a long wire creates a magnetic field in the region around the wire.How is the strength of the field at distance r from the wire center related to the magnitude of the field?

A)field directly proportional to r

B)field inversely proportional to r

C)field directly proportional to r2

D)field inversely proportional to r2

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Chapter 20: Induced Voltages and Inductance

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Sample Questions

Q1) An RL series circuit has: 4.8-mH coil,2.8- resistor,1.0-V battery,ammeter and switch.After the switch is closed for a long time,find the final value of the current.

A)7.4E+1 A

B)3.6E-1 A

C)1.3E-2 A.

D)2.8E+2 A

E)1.3E-2 A

Q2) A 41-turn square coil of area 0.074 m2 and a 123-turn circular coil are both placed perpendicular to the same changing magnetic field.The voltage induced in each of the coils is the same.What is the area of the circular coil?

A)0.22 m2

B)0.82 m2

C)0.025 m2

D)0.074 m2

E)0.67 m2

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Chapter 21: Alternating-Current Circuits and Electromagnetic Waves

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Sample Questions

Q1) In some countries the AC frequency is 50 Hz.What is the time interval for one cycle at this frequency?

A)0.0050 s

B)0.020 s

C)2 s

D)50 s

Q2) What is the average power dissipation in an RLC series circuit in which R = 177 ,L = 0.060 H,and C = 8.65 µF driven at resonance by a 163-V (rms)source?

A)150 W

B)138 W

C)147 W

D)144 W

E)1 370 W

Q3) An ideal transformer is one that:

A)has a turn ratio,N2/N1,equal to 1.

B)works with direct current.

C)experiences no power loss.

D)has an output frequency of 60 Hz.

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Chapter 22: Reflection and Refraction of Light

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Sample Questions

Q1) A small underwater pool light is 2.25 m below the surface of a swimming pool.What is the radius of the circle of light on the surface,from which light emerges from the water? (nwater = 1.333).

A)3.90 m

B)1.98 m

C)2.55 m

D)2.90 m

E)1.69 m

Q2) An oil film floats on a water surface.The indices of refraction for water and oil,respectively,are 1.333 and 1.466.If a ray of light is incident on the air-to-oil surface at an angle of 41.9° with the normal,what is the incident angle at the oil-to-water surface?

A)30.1°

B)27.1°

C)37.4°

D)41.9°

E)33.5°

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Chapter 23: Mirrors and Lenses

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Sample Questions

Q1) Ron fills a beaker with glycerin (n = 1.473)to a depth of 4.0 cm.If he looks straight down through the glycerin surface,he will perceive the liquid to be what apparent depth?

A)5.9 cm

B)4.0 cm

C)2.7 cm

D)3.3 cm

E)4.9 cm

Q2) An object is placed 27.0 cm to the left of a lens of focal length 17.0 cm.39.0 cm to the right of this lens is a plane mirror.Where does the final image form?

A)6.9 cm to the right of the mirror

B)6.9 cm to the left of the mirror

C)32.1 cm to the left of the lens

D)45.9 cm to the left of the lens

E)28.6 cm to the left of the mirror

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Chapter 24: Wave Optics

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Q1) A surface is coated with a material having index of refraction 1.41.If light in air has a wavelength of 701 nm and is normally incident on this surface,and it is found through interference effects with this light that the surface is 11 wavelengths thick,which of the following is the thickness of the surface?

A)4.5E-8 m

B)5.5E-6 m

C)2.7E-6 m

D)1.4E-6 m

E)2.1E-5 m

Q2) Helium-neon laser light ( = 632.8 nm)is sent through a single slit of width 0.55 mm.What is the width of the central maximum on a screen 1.4 m in back of the slit? (1 nm = 10 9 m)

A)1.6E-3 m

B)8.0E-4 m

C)3.2E-3 m

D)7.5E-5 m

E)1.5E-4 m

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Chapter 25: Optical Instruments

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Q1) What is the f-number of a camera lens that has an aperture-opening diameter of 0.30 cm and a focal length of 6.0 cm?

A)0.30

B)1.8

C)20

D)6.0

E)0.05

Q2) In the normal eye the ciliary muscles that control the lens will relax

A)when viewing objects at the near point.

B)when viewing objects at infinity.

C)when viewing objects at a distance of 20 ft.

D)only when a person has his/her eyes closed.

Q3) Quadrupling the f-number of a camera lens will change the light intensity admitted to the film by what factor?

A)1/16

B)1/4

C)4

D)16

E)3

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Chapter 26: Relativity

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Sample Questions

Q1) The astronaut whose heart rate on Earth is 63 beats/min increases his velocity to v = 0.70c.Now what is his heart rate as measured by an Earth observer?

A)45 beats/min

B)88 beats/min

C)19 beats/min

D)90 beats/min

E)210 beats/min

Q2) If astronauts could travel at v = 0.95c,we on Earth would say it takes (4.2/0.95)= 4.4 years to reach Alpha Centauri,4.2 lightyears away.The astronauts disagree.How much time passes on the astronaut's clocks?

A)1.4 years

B)14.1 years

C)4.0 years

D)1.3 years

E)0.4 years

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Chapter 27: Quantum Physics

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Questions

Q1) In the Compton effect,what is the greatest change in wavelength that can occur? (h = 6.63 × 10-34 J·s,melectron = 9.11 × 10-31 kg,and c = 3.00 × 108 m/s)

A)2.43 × 10-12 m

B)4.85 × 10-12 m

C)equal to the incident wavelength

D)infinite

Q2) According to the de Broglie hypothesis,which of the following statements is applicable to the wavelength of a moving particle?

A)directly proportional to its energy

B)directly proportional to its momentum

C)inversely proportional to its energy

D)inversely proportional to its momentum

Q3) Which of the following devices represent(s)a practical application of the photoelectric effect?

A)hologram

B)photocell

C)both of the above choices

D)none of the above choices

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Page 29

Chapter 28: Atomic Physics

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Sample Questions

Q1) In contrast to Thomson's model of the atom,Rutherford's model

A)had the positive charge spread uniformly through the atom.

B)had the positive charge concentrated in a small region.

C)was first to explain atoms emitting discrete frequencies.

D)eliminated radiation from accelerating charges.

Q2) If the principal quantum number for hydrogen is 7,which one of the following is not a permitted orbital magnetic quantum number for that atom?

A)10

B)-2

C)0

D)5

E)3

Q3) Which of the following demonstrated the relation between the atomic number of a given element and the wavelength of the K-alpha x-ray photon emitted by that element?

A)Bohr

B)Compton

C)Moseley

D)Pauli

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Page 30

Chapter 29: Nuclear Physics

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Sample Questions

Q1) The fact that the binding energy per nucleon does not depend very strongly on the volume of the nucleus indicates that

A)the strong nuclear force saturates.

B)nucleons don't move throughout the nucleus.

C)all nuclei have the same volume.

D)the radius of a nucleus is directly proportional to the number of nucleons.

Q2) The binding energy of a nucleus is equal to

A)the energy needed to remove one of the nucleons.

B)the average energy with which any nucleon is bound in the nucleus.

C)the energy needed to separate all the nucleons from each other.

D)the mass of the nucleus times c2.

Q3) To what is the radiation damage in biological organisms primarily due?

A)helium introduction

B)heating

C)induced radioactivity

D)ionization

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Chapter 30: Nuclear Energy and Elementary Particles

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Sample Questions

Q1) In order to be useful in sustaining a reaction,the neutrons in a fission reactor must be

A)released from the reactor.

B)warmed to a higher temperature.

C)accelerated.

D)decelerated.

Q2) In a nuclear fission process involving the use of 239Pu fuel,if the approximate average binding energy per nucleon in the product fragments is 8.8 MeV while that of the fuel atom is 8.1 MeV,what approximate net energy is released per fission?

A)170 MeV

B)270 MeV

C)190 MeV

D)90 MeV

E)50 MeV

Q3) Which of the following particles has not been observed experimentally?

A)photon

B)graviton

C)antiproton

D)Z0 boson

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