Cognitive Science Exam Review
Course Introduction
Cognitive Science is an interdisciplinary field that examines the processes underlying thought, perception, memory, language, and learning. Integrating insights from psychology, neuroscience, computer science, linguistics, philosophy, and anthropology, this course explores how the mind represents information, solves problems, and adapts to new situations. Students will be introduced to theories and methodologies used to investigate cognitive mechanisms and gain an understanding of how artificial intelligence models are inspired by human cognition. Through lectures, discussions, and practical examples, the course provides a comprehensive overview of the key concepts and research questions driving this dynamic area of study.
Recommended Textbook
Cognitive Psychology Theory Process and Methodology 1st Edition by Dawn M. McBride
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12 Chapters
521 Verified Questions
521 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/study-set/1629 Page 2
Chapter 1: Introduction to Cognitive Psychology
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43 Verified Questions
43 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/32354
Sample Questions
Q1) A belief in cognitive psychology reemerged following what event?
A) B. F. Skinner suggesting that language is learned through conditioning
B) John Watson's experimentation on Little Albert
C) Sigmund Freud's psychosexual stages of development
D) The development of information processing approaches to study the mind and behavior
Answer: D
Q2) There can be more than one independent variable in an experimental study.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) Wilhelm Wundt coined the term "cognitive psychology" and is considered the father of this field.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q4) Modern day psychologists accept the study of both behavior and cognition.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Page 3
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Chapter 2: Cognitive Neuroscience
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43 Verified Questions
43 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) All of the following are required in a neuron's ability to communicate with other neurons except _____.
A) nucleus
B) dendrites
C) axon
D) myelin sheath
Answer: D
Q2) The four lobes of the brain all have different functions. This exhibits what principle?
A) specialization
B) depolarization
C) functionalism
D) lateralization
Answer: D
Q3) Positron Emission Tomography is a safe and noninvasive way to image the brain.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Chapter 3: Perception
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43 Verified Questions
43 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) _____ is a key component of Gestalt approaches to perception.
A) Top-down processing
B) Sensation
C) Bottom-up processing
D) The computational approach
Answer: A
Q2) Using the ideas of top-down and bottom-up processing, describe a recent event in your life and how you used each of these processes throughout the event.
Answer: Students should choose an event in their life in which they can overlay top-down and bottom-up processing, describing each part of the event, how they sensed each major stimulus, how they perceived it, and how they responded to the environment. The major concept that would compose a correct answer would be being able to accurately distinguish between what moments would reflect top-down, and those that would reflect bottom-up processing.
Q3) Top-down processing is a key component in Gestalt approaches to perception.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Chapter 4: Attention
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43 Verified Questions
43 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Treisman's modified filter model of attention suggests that some information passes through, but only after it has been ranked in terms of _____.
A) importance
B) definition
C) difficulty
D) number of words
Q2) Which of the following is NOT an analogy your textbook uses to describe attention?
A) A filter of information
B) A key fitting into a lock
C) A spotlight focused on an aspect of the environment
D) A glue that binds the features of the environment together
Q3) In Stroop's study[ok?](1935) on automatic processing in attention, he found that participants took less time to name colors when the word and color were _____, and more time when they were _____.
A) Congruent; incongruent
B) Incongruent; congruent
Q4) Discuss the societal and legislative impact of Strayer & Johnston's study (2001) on the cognition of distracted driving.
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Page 6
Chapter 5: Memory Structures and Processes
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45 Verified Questions
45 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Remember your phone number in sequences such as xxx-xxx-xxxx, and your social security number in sequences such as xxx-xx-xxxx is an example of _____.
A) encoding
B) sensory memory
C) chunking
D) short-term memory
Q2) Clive Wearing lost his ability to form new memories due to damage to his _____, resulting from encephalitis.
A) hippocampus
B) parietal cortex
C) frontal lobe
D) insular cortex
Q3) An example of a procedural memory would be how to ride your bicycle.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Define working memory and discuss Baddeley's model of working memory.
Q5) The phonological loop is to _____ as the visuospatial sketchpad is to _____.
A) Verbal information; visual information
B) Visual information; verbal information
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Chapter 6: Long-Term Memory: Influences on Retrieval
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45 Verified Questions
45 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The primacy effect depends on _____ as the recency effect depends on _____.
A) Working memory; long-term memory
B) Short-term memory; working memory
C) Working memory; short-term memory
D) Long-term memory; short-term memory
Q2) Discuss the serial position curve and why it is relevant to everyday living. Give examples.
Q3) Dr. Johnson suspects that a patient he has recently seen may have a brain tumor. Which technique would be the best option for him to use in terms of confirming this suspicion?
A) Magnetic resonance imaging
B) Positron Emission Tomography
C) Transcranial magnetic stimulation
D) Electroencephalography
Q4) While studying for the GRE, you decide to take a practice exam. This is an example of _____.
A) Transfer-appropriate processing
B) Environmental context effects
C) Mood-dependent effects
D) The primacy effect
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Chapter 7: Memory Errors
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43 Verified Questions
43 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) _____ are to ____ proteins as _____ are to _____ proteins.
A) Tangles; beta amyloid; plaques; tau amyloid
B) Plaques; beta amyloid; tangles; tau amyloid
Q2) Which of the following is an example of memory failure?
A) Schizophrenia
B) Post-traumatic stress disorder
C) Dissociative identity disorder
D) Attention deficit disorder
Q3) Clive Wearing was diagnosed with amnesia after suffering from a form of _____.
A) Cellulitis
B) Meningitis
C) Encephalitis
D) Traumatic brain injury
Q4) _____ described "seven sins of memory."
A) Elizabeth Loftus
B) Daniel Schacter
C) Ronald Cotton
D) Sir Frederick C. Bartlett
Q5) List Daniel Schacter's seven sins of memory, and give an example of each.
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Chapter 8: Imagery
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43 Verified Questions
43 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Images are most often _____.
A) visual
B) auditory
C) olfactory
D) tactile
Q2) Which of the following is NOT an example of imagery?
A) Imagining[imagining in A., B., and C. ok or stet?] the smell of freshly baked bread
B) Imaging how soft your baby sister's skin is
C) Imaging the sound of your mother's voice
D) Losing the ability to see
Q3) Which of the following sentences does not support the propositional representation of imagery?
A) The boy walked his dog.
B) The girl had a tea party.
C) The bird fed its babies.
D) The man's car drove him.
Q4) The accepted view of imagery is that it is spatially represented.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 9: Language
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43 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Broca's aphasia is associated with damage to the _____, whereas Wernicke's aphasia is associated with damage to the _____.
A) Left superior frontal cortex; left posterior temporal cortex
B) Left posterior temporal cortex; left inferior frontal cortex
C) Left inferior frontal cortex; left posterior temporal cortex
D) Left posterior temporal cortex; left superior frontal cortex
Q2) An issue in language comprehension due to variation in how phonemes are produced is known as _____.
A) functionalism
B) coarticulation
C) specialization
D) invariance problem
Q3) According to _____, we construct one syntactic structure based on a set of parsing principles that focus on syntactic information alone.
A) The syntax-second approach
B) The syntax-first approach
C) The semantic-first approach
D) The morpheme-first approach
Q4) List, define, and give examples for each type of speech error.
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Chapter 10: Concepts and Knowledge
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43 Verified Questions
43 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is a theoretical approach to concepts that was proposed to replace the classical approach?
A) The typicality approach
B) The prototype approach
C) The classical approach
D) The definitional approach
Q2) According to Rosch & Mervis (1975), which of the following is an example of a less typical member of the category of "furniture"?
A) Chair
B) Sofa
C) Table
D) Lamp
Q3) Distinguish between the prototype and exemplar approaches to concepts. Define and give an example of each.
Q4) Compare and contrast a stored-network approach, a feature comparisons approach, and a neuroscience-inspired approach. Discuss pros and cons, and give examples of each.
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12
Chapter 11: Problem Solving
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43 Verified Questions
43 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/32364
Sample Questions
Q1) How we mentally represent a problem can _____ finding the solution.
A) help with
B) hinder
C) both help and hinder
D) neither help nor hinder
Q2) Imagine you lost your keys. You begin searching all of the places you have gone to since losing your keys, starting with the last place and working your way towards the first place. This is an example of a means-ends strategy.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Consider the following scenario. You are at work, and the strap on your shoe breaks. You have to figure out a way to fix it; otherwise, you will not be able to walk properly with both shoes! You use a paperclip to hold the strap on. This example rejects the idea of
A) Pathological behavior
B) Functional fixedness
C) Improper fixedness
D) Nonfunctional fixedness
Q4) Distinguish between well- and ill-defined problems. Give three examples of each.
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Chapter 12: Reasoning and Decision Making
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Sample Questions
Q1) Discuss the different types of heuristics biases we face when making decisions, and give an example of each.
Q2) The general model of decision making suggests that we spend time structuring our decision before making a final decision.
A)True
B)False
Q3) We are very good at logical reasoning.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Compare and contrast deductive vs. inductive reasoning.
Q5) _____ developed the logical rules of syllogistic reasoning.
A) Plato
B) Hippocrates
C) Aristotle
D) Freud
Q6) Discuss the five stages of Galotti's (2002) model of general decision making. Discuss an example to illustrate all five stages.
Q7) Compare and contrast syllogistic and conditional reasoning. Give an example of each.
Page 14
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