Cognitive Psychology Exam
Questions
Course Introduction
Cognitive Psychology explores the mental processes that underlie human behavior, including perception, attention, memory, language, problem-solving, and decision-making. This course introduces students to foundational theories, experimental methods, and research findings in the field. Emphasis is placed on understanding how people acquire, process, and utilize information, as well as the neural mechanisms supporting these cognitive functions. Students will critically evaluate classic and contemporary studies, and consider the applications of cognitive psychology in real-world contexts such as education, technology, and mental health.
Recommended Textbook
Discovering Psychology The Science of Mind 3rd Edition by John T. Cacioppo
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16 Chapters
1942 Verified Questions
1942 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: The Science of Mind the Discipline of Psychology
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117 Verified Questions
117 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Kevin Boyack and his colleagues generated a map of sciences,similar to a map of friendship networks on social media,by using ____.
A)the number of doctoral dissertations in each field
B)the titles of journal articles
C)reference lists in journal articles
D)search terms related to psychology
Answer: C
Q2) New and innovative methods have allowed psychologists to observe brain activity and revisit questions of mental processes.What quality was introduced to psychological research through the use of these methods?
A)Objectivity
B)Subjectivity
C)Generalizability
D)Conclusiveness
Answer: A
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Chapter 2: The Measure of Mind Methods of Psychology
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Sample Questions
Q1) When we make conclusions based on observations of our immediate circle of acquaintances,friends,and loved ones,we are engaging in ____.
A)systematic observations
B)repeated observations
C)interpreted observations
D)hit or miss observations
Answer: D
Q2) Conducting a meta-analysis often provides a ____.
A)clearer picture of a phenomenon than single experiments observed in isolation
B)narrow view of a phenomenon
C)random sampling of a phenomenon
D)less discrete picture of a phenomenon than that of single experiments
Answer: A
Q3) Which of the following is a drawback of longitudinal studies?
A)They are subject to cohort effects.
B)They cannot be used to discuss causality.
C)Participants may drop out of the study over time.
D)They have limited generalizability.
Answer: C
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Page 4
Chapter 3: The Evolving Mind Nature and Nurture
Intertwined
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Sample Questions
Q1) Molly's parents are both above average in height,but Molly is medium in height.Molly's shorter stature is part of her ____.
A)phenotype
B)homotype
C)heterotype
D)allelotype
Answer: A
Q2) Research finds that in human beings,dominant and successful males are likely to attract more females,and dominance among males is often decided on the basis of A)physical strength to hypothetically kill other males.
B)intrasexual competition in risky endeavors.
C)occupational stature and financial earnings.
D)external details,such as the clothes one wears or the type of car one drives.
Answer: B
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Chapter 4: The Biological Mind the Physical Basis of Behavior
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139 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Tomas,age 15,experienced a severe head injury and his prefrontal cortex was damaged by the trauma.Tomas now has difficulty with
A)processing visual stimuli.
B)producing and processing speech.
C)planning of behavior,attention,and judgment.
D)fine motor movement and sensing touch.
Q2) Endorphin,short for "endogenous morphine," is a neurotransmitter involved in ____.
A)schizophrenia
B)Parkinson's disease
C)the perception of pain
D)muscle paralysis
Q3) The endocrine system is directly involved with ____.
A)movement and balance
B)pleasure and pain
C)arousal,metabolism,growth,and sex
D)vision,hearing,and taste
Q4) Compare and contrast the function and source of neurotransmitters and hormones.
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Chapter 5: The Perceiving Mind Sensation and Perception
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Sample Questions
Q1) A high-amplitude,high-frequency sound wave is perceived as ____.
A)loud and high-pitched
B)loud and low-pitched
C)soft and high-pitched
D)soft and low-pitched
Q2) Siddhartha saved up money from his summer job to buy a powerful home theater system.When shopping for the best buy in a home theater system the sales representative informs Siddhartha that the more expensive models are worth the money because they ____.
A)amplify sound up to 160 dB
B)boost frequencies below 80 Hz
C)buffer sounds that reach 60 dB
D)filter out frequencies below 10000 Hz
Q3) For many people with hearing loss deafness is viewed as a(n)
A)aging accelerator.
B)alternate reality.
C)culture.
D)risk increasing variable.
Q4) Describe an example of the two-step process involved in signal detection.Include hit,miss,false alarm,and correct rejection in your example.
Page 7
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Chapter 6: The Aware Mind Elements of Consciousness
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is the relationship between caffeine and Parkinson's disease?
A)It causes Parkinson's disease.
B)It positively correlates with Parkinson's disease.
C)It prevents one from acquiring Parkinson's disease.
D)It negatively correlates with Parkinson's disease.
Q2) Our physiological state during REM sleep consists of ____.
A)slow and relaxed heart rate,blood pressure,and breathing;and twitching of postural muscles
B)rapid or irregular heart rate,blood pressure,and breathing;and twitching of postural muscles
C)slow and relaxed heart rate,blood pressure,and breathing;and paralysis of postural muscles
D)rapid or irregular heart rate,blood pressure,and breathing;and paralysis of postural muscles
Q3) The inhibition of which neurotransmitter contributes to the onset of seizure activity?
A)GABA
B)Glutamate
C)Dopamine
D)Norepinephrine
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Chapter 7: The Feeling Mind Emotion and Motivation
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113 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) What evidence illustrates that the need for affiliation has a genetic component?
A)Adoption studies show that siblings raised in different environments show similar patterns of social activity.
B)Our set point for needing affiliation correlates with cortical thickness.
C)People who are low in their need for affiliation are more likely to have genetic 5-HTTLPR polymorphism.
D)Twin studies show that set points for the need for affiliation are influenced by genetics.
Q2) Carol Dweck (2012)argues that achievement motivation is influenced by A)gender.
B)birth order.
C)peoples beliefs about their own abilities.
D)parenting style.
Q3) How does motivation offer a survival advantage?
A)It dictates the formation of social bonds.
B)It stimulates competition and ingenuity.
C)It fosters ambition and perseverance.
D)It prevents the waste of precious energy resources.
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9
Chapter 8: The Adaptive Mind Learning
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Sample Questions
Q1) When a conditioned stimulus can predict the nonoccurrence of an unconditioned stimulus,this is referred to as ____.
A)extinction
B)inhibition
C)latent inhibition
D)discrimination
Q2) Ivan,who is 16 years old,has been staying up all night playing online video games and his grades are dropping.As a result,he is grounded by his parents.He is not allowed to play video games,go to his friends' houses,or use his cell phone for 1 week.His parent's actions illustrate ____.
A)negative reinforcement
B)positive punishment
C)positive reinforcement
D)negative punishment
Q3) Which of the following is an example of a conditioned reinforcer?
A)Food
B)Money
C)Sleep
D)Water
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Page 10
Chapter 9: The Knowing Mind Memory
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Sample Questions
Q1) Fred is studying vocabulary for his biomedical class while sitting in a busy coffee shop.Fred's recall of the material will likely be best while ____.
A)seated at a desk in a quiet room
B)seated with background noise
C)outdoors in fresh air and sunshine
D)lying down in a silent setting
Q2) Which of the following is the best description of interference?
A)A decrease in the ability to remember a previously formed memory
B)The reduction in ability to retrieve rarely used information over time
C)A failure to retrieve negative or traumatic memories
D)Competition between newer and older information in memory
Q3) What is interference and what role does it play in the formation of memories? Discuss examples of memory loss due to interference.
Q4) Which of the following is the most accurate statement regarding the relationship between negative emotions and memory?
A)Such emotions can enhance or impair memories.
B)Negative emotions can lead to disruption of retrieval cues.
C)Such emotions are almost guaranteed to lead to source monitoring errors.
D)Negative emotions enhance the encoding specificity effect.
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Chapter 10: The Thinking Mind Thinking, Language, and Intelligence
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Sample Questions
Q1) The ability to think logically using specific learned knowledge is called ____ intelligence.
A)general
B)crystallized
C)fluid
D)complex
Q2) Good decision making is ____.
A)a skill that can be taught
B)a product of nature over nurture
C)not predictive of real-world behavior
D)an innate skill
Q3) Professor Simon calls on Wynonna to state the definition of "intelligence." She responds by describing intelligence as "the ability to understand complex ideas,adapt effectively to the environment,learn from experience,communicate quickly and efficiently,and overcome obstacles." Which part of her definition is inaccurate?
A)Understand complex ideas
B)Communicate quickly and efficiently
C)Overcome obstacles
D)Adapt effectively to the environment
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Chapter 11: The Developing Mind Life Span Development
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Sample Questions
Q1) Lexi and Jamie are 14 years old.Jamie dares Lexi by saying,"Let's take a bottle of wine from your grandmother's house.It's okay,because she'll never notice and we won't be punished." According to Kohlberg's stages of moral reasoning,this represents ____.
A)postconventional morality
B)semiconventional morality
C)preconventional morality
D)anticonventional morality
Q2) Marcus is about 1½ years old.His mother left him at a friend's house to play for the first time while she took the family car in for maintenance.Marcus did not show distress when his mother left nor did he immediately approach her when she returned.What pattern of attachment is this?
A)Avoidant
B)Secure
C)Disorganized
D)Anxious-ambivalent
Q3) Describe the change in reproductive status that women undergo in midlife and the experience of menopause.Describe the change in reproductive status of men starting in midlife.
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Chapter 12: The Individual Mind Personality and the Self
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Sample Questions
Q1) Jeremy is an Asian American.Larry is a White American.They are high-school classmates and members of the basketball team.On one of the many standardized tests they have taken,Larry received a higher score on explicit measures of self-esteem,but on implicit measures of self-esteem,their scores were virtually identical.What is a likely reason?
A)In collectivistic cultures,modesty may override outward expressions of self-esteem.
B)Persons of Asian heritage tend to have lower self-esteem.
C)In individualistic cultures,modesty may override outward expressions of self-esteem.
D)Persons of European ancestry tend to have higher self-esteem.
Q2) Each of the Big Five traits consists of a _____.
A)continuum from one extreme to the other
B)core belief
C)two-factor correlation
D)series of stages
Q3) Compare and contrast objective personality tests like the MMPI and projective personality tests like the Rorschach test.
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Chapter 13: The Connected Mind Social Psychology
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Sample Questions
Q1) Since his divorce,Rodney has become increasingly cut off from his family,friends,and coworkers.If his doctor is well informed of the literature in this area,which of the following assessments is the doctor most likely to make?
A)I am not worried about Rodney's health.The chances are that he will make it through this year just fine.
B)I'm concerned with Rodney's health.Going through a divorce shares a risk of death comparable to high blood obesity and a sedentary lifestyle and is positively correlated with risk of suicide.
C)Rodney might be depressed,but he's unlikely to be in danger of becoming suicidal.Surprisingly,divorce is negatively correlated with the risk of suicide.
D)I will suggest to Rodney that he visualize the many possible paths in his future.Then he is likely to realize that things could always be worse.
Q2) Discus the factors associated with using a positive or negative emotional appeal to influence people using the peripheral route to persuasion.
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Chapter 14: The Troubled Mind Psychological Disorders
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which perspective suggests that phobias might be exaggerations of an otherwise useful sense of caution?
A)The evolutionary perspective
B)The social perspective
C)The integrative perspective
D)The cognitive perspective
Q2) What is the current edition of the DSM?
A)DSM-II
B)DSM-III
C)DSM-IV-TR
D)DSM-5
Q3) Mania,unlike many other disorders,actually ____.
A)increases the ability to listen quietly to another
B)reduces a sense of self-importance
C)reduces risk-taking behavior
D)increases productive,goal-directed behavior
Q4) For this essay,choose either obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)or posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)as a topic.Provide a brief description of the disorder.Then give an explanation of the disorder from each of the following three categories: biological,learning,and social/cultural.
Page 16
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Chapter 15: Healing the Troubled Mind Therapy
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Sample Questions
Q1) Genaya recently sought help for her obsessive-compulsive disorder after she found that she could not control her cutting/self-mutilation behavior.Her therapist,recommended a behavioral technique,and suggested that when Genaya feels the overwhelming urge to cut herself,she should ____.
A)distract herself with a competing activity
B)not resist the urge but limit the activity
C)brush her hair instead
D)talk to someone about her feelings
Q2) The Food and Drug Administration has approved which class of drugs for the treatment of autism spectrum disorder?
A)Anticonvulsant
B)Stimulants
C)Antipsychotics
D)Antidepressants
Q3) Behavior modification focuses on ____.
A)observable actions
B)internal drives
C)client directives
D)family relationships
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Page 17
Chapter 16: The Healthy Mind Stress and Coping, Health
Psychology, and Positive Psychology
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is one of the ways in which positive psychology differs from humanism?
A)It emphasizes scientific reasoning and research.
B)It emphasizes trait theory and personality types.
C)It emphasizes stages of psychosexual development and defense mechanisms.
D)It emphasizes human growth and fulfillment.
Q2) Alvin is tired and stressed from working two jobs as a Certified Nursing Assistant (CNA).Under these circumstances,his immune system ____.
A)boosts its response
B)maintains a static state to conserve resources
C)does not perform well
D)directs its response to vulnerable areas
Q3) Shaun feels very discouraged upon learning that he had been cut from the Olympic snow-boarding team and now will be giving snow-boarding lessons with the Aspen High Flyers.Which of the following would be the most positive emotion-focused coping response?
A)He has several beers with his friends who do not play football.
B)He takes a brisk run until he is completely exhausted.
C)He contemplates life by himself,at home,with a bottle of wine.
D)He and a friend go to see a comedy at the movie theater.
Q4) Discuss three types of coping.
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