Cognitive Psychology Exam Bank
Course Introduction
Cognitive Psychology explores the mental processes that underlie human behavior, including perception, attention, memory, language, problem-solving, and decision-making. This course examines key theories and experimental findings that have shaped our understanding of how people acquire, process, store, and retrieve information. Students will learn about the structure and function of cognitive systems, the methodologies used in cognitive research, and the application of cognitive principles to real-world situations. By integrating classic studies with contemporary research, the course provides a comprehensive overview of how the mind works and its impact on everyday life.
Recommended Textbook
Sensation and Perception 2nd Edition by Bennett
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15 Chapters
903 Verified Questions
903 Flashcards
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L. Schwartz
Chapter 1: What Is Perception
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60 Verified Questions
60 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/45141
Sample Questions
Q1) Which statement is TRUE of gestalt psychology?
A)It was first articulated by Gustav Fechner.
B)It rejects the role of nature in human behavior.
C)It stresses the visual perception of edges.
D)It views the human brain as a giant computer.
Answer: C
Q2) A car driver is making a turn.He is likely to think an approaching school bus is farther away than it is.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q3) Most scientists believe that vision and hearing should be considered part of the same sensory system.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q4) Biologists have little interest in sensation.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Page 3
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Chapter 2: Research Methodology
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Sample Questions
Q1) In signal detection analysis, a false alarm is an error that occurs when a nonsignal is mistaken for a target signal.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) The inability of sound to be transmitted to the cochlea is known as ______ hearing loss.
A)sensorineural
B)conductive
C)innate
D)bichromal
Answer: B
Q3) Neuroimaging techniques were an advancement on early methods because they allow researchers to study ______ brains.
A)inactive
B)human
C)underdeveloped
D)living
Answer: D
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Page 4
Chapter 3: Visual System: The Eye
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60 Verified Questions
60 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Latisha is a 22-year-old woman who requires glasses to correct a visual problem.The process of accommodation does not make her lens thick enough to focus the light from closer objects onto the retinae.What condition does Latisha have?
A)myopia
B)hyperopia
C)cataracts
D)presbyopia
Answer: B
Q2) The cornea is the clear front surface of the eye that allows light in; it also is a major focusing element of the eye.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) What is spatial summation?
A)the ability to pool light across different regions of space
B)the ability to resolve light to particular locations in the visual world
C)the process of adapting sensitivity to match visual conditions
D)the process of adapting focus based on physical distance
Answer: A
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Page 5
Chapter 4: Visual System: The Brain
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60 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) V1 is a precise map of the retina.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Smooth pursuit eye movements allow the eyes to ______.
A)detect hidden objects in camouflage
B)accommodate on nearby objects
C)adjust to varying light levels
D)track moving objects
Q3) What is the name of the structure located at the top of the brainstem, just beneath the thalamus, whose main function in mammals (including humans) is the control of rapid eye movements?
A)bistratified nucleus
B)medial geniculate nucleus
C)striate cortex
D)superior colliculus
Q4) Explain why scientists do not believe the term "blindsight" is a paradox.
Q5) It is likely that human visual development depends on innate patterns that are elaborated on through experience.
A)True
B)False
6
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Chapter 5: Object Perception
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65 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Quiroga et al.(2005) examined single-cell recordings of human beings prior to brain surgery.What did they find?
A)The FFA becomes active during the recognition of face-like stimuli, such as symbolic smiley faces.
B)The occipital face region does not respond to non-human faces, such as those of monkeys.
C)There were neurons within the inferotemporal cortex that are sensitive to the racial characteristics of individuals.
D)Specific cells in the medial temporal lobe appeared to be specific to individual people.
Q2) One of the issues that is delaying the introduction of self-driving cars is ______.
A)designing an object recognition system that can recognize objects as being the same, despite the angle at which the system is looking at that object
B)designing a car that can respond in real time to the angle of the camera
C)that recognition-by-components is difficult to instantiate in a computerized system
D)that computer systems have a difficult time with top-down processing
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Chapter 6: Color Perception
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Sample Questions
Q1) Deep royal blue is a more saturated color than pastel baby blue.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Hurvich and Jameson (1957) developed an experiment in which observers cancel out the perception of a particular color by adding light of the opponent color.This procedure is known as ______.
A)afterimage detection
B)hue cancellation
C)simultaneous color contrast
D)spectral reflectance
Q3) Cone-opponent cells are found in the lateral-geniculate nucleus, but color-opponent cells are found in V1 of the cerebral cortex.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Colors that are associated with particular wavelengths are called ______ colors.
A)monochromatic
B)achromatic
C)nonspectral
D)saturated
Q5) Explain how and why color perception can change as adults age.
Page 8
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Chapter 7: Depth and Size Perception
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Sample Questions
Q1) The region of small disparity around the horopter where the two images can be united into a single perception is known as ______.
A)the Gelb region
B)Panum's area of fusion
C)the area of linear perspective
D)Benham's static parallax
Q2) The sense of depth we perceive from the visual system's processing of the comparison of the two different images from each retina is known as ______.
A)stereopsis
B)optic comparisons
C)retinal parallax
D)binocular rivalry
Q3) The horopter is the region in space where the two images from an object fall on corresponding locations on the two retinae.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Explain diplopia and give an example.
Q5) What is the difference between motion parallax and optic flow?
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Chapter 8: Movement and Action
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Sample Questions
Q1) MT or V5 is an area of the occipital lobe in the dorsal pathway, specific to motion detection and perception.
A)True
B)False
Q2) What are the two thresholds in perceiving motion at any given point along the retina?
A)the thresholds for the magnitude of the motion and the amplitude of the motion
B)the thresholds for the slowest motion detectable and the fastest motion detectable
C)the threshold for motion on land and the threshold for motion on water
D)the threshold for phi motion and the threshold for simulated motion
Q3) Neural circuits that enable the determination of direction and speed of motion by delaying input from one receptive field, to determine speed, to match the input of another receptive field, to determine direction, are known as ______.
A)phi-motion detectors
B)amacrine cells
C)threshold analogs
D)Reichardt detectors
Q4) Explain the two types of apparent motion.Give an example for each type.
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Page 10
Chapter 9: Visual Attention
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Sample Questions
Q1) Mack and Rock (1998) asked participants to maintain fixation on a central point.They then saw a large cross somewhere in the parafoveal region.The participants' task was to determine if the horizontal or vertical lines of the cross were larger.The researchers found that ______.
A)reaction time in the task slowed when the horizontal lines and vertical lines were not perpendicular to each other
B)reaction time was faster when the stimuli were presented more dimly than when the stimuli were presented more brightly
C)attention to the horizontal lines inhibited perception of the vertical lines
D)a majority of the participants did not report seeing an introduced diamond, even though it was presented in the fovea
Q2) The difficulty we experience in detecting differences between two visual stimuli that are identical except for one or more changes to the image is known as ______.
A)attentional rapture
B)change blindness
C)stimulus salience
D)image processing deficit
Q3) Give an example of covert attention and an example of overt attention.
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Chapter 10: The Auditory System
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Sample Questions
Q1) A ruptured tympanic membrane may cause hearing loss.This is considered ______.
A)sensorineural hearing loss
B)acoustic hearing loss
C)conductive hearing loss
D)cochlear hearing loss
Q2) Compare and contrast sensorineural hearing loss and tinnitus.
Q3) A tone of 20 Hz will cause the greatest displacement along what end of the basilar membrane?
A)apex
B)base
C)perilymph
D)oval window
Q4) When the doctor examines Mateo, he realizes that the ossicles in Mateo's ear have calcified, causing hearing loss.As a result, the doctor gives the diagnosis that Mateo has a disease called ______.
A)tinnitus
B)degenerating Sensorineural deafness
C)otosclerosis
D)cochlear deafness
Q5) Describe the parts of the middle ear and how they work together.
Page 12
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Chapter 11: The Auditory Brain and Sound Localization
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following accurately describes the pathway for auditory information?
A)The medial geniculate nucleus projects to the inferior colliculus, which projects to the auditory cortex.
B)The inferior colliculus projects to the medial geniculate nucleus, which projects to the auditory cortex.
C)The auditory cortex projects to the inferior colliculus, which projects to the medial geniculate nucleus.
D)The auditory cortex projects to the medial geniculate nucleus, which projects to the inferior colliculus.
Q2) The Symphony Hall in Boston has excellent acoustics.Considering this, the hall probably ______.
A)reduces the reverberation of higher frequencies
B)has a reverberation time of six seconds
C)reduces the reverberation of lower frequencies
D)has a reverberation time of ten seconds
Q3) The parabelt area is anatomically located in the superior olive.
A)True
B)False
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13
Chapter 12: Speech Perception
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Sample Questions
Q1) In an experiment, participants are shown a video of a person's mouth saying monosyllabic sounds, such as "ba," "da," and "tha." However, the audio component does not always match what the speaker's mouth was saying when the syllables were recorded.Researchers asked participants to identify the sound they heard.The purpose of this experiment was to determine whether ______.
A)sound influences what we see B)vision and hearing occur simultaneously or sequentially C)vision influences the sounds we hear D)the conflicting signals would make perception impossible
Q2) Broca's area is an important area in speech comprehension, located in the left frontal lobe.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The theory that the core of speech perception is that the system infers the sound from the movements of the vocal tract is known as the ______ theory of speech perception.
A)perceptual-narrowing
B)motor
C)general-mechanism
D)private-access
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Chapter 13: Music Perception
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59 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Dissonance is the perception of pleasantness or harmony when two or more notes are played; that is, the notes fit with each other.
A)True
B)False
Q2) A condition in which a stimulus in one modality consistently triggers a response in another modality is known as ______.
A)interweaving
B)mnesic intersensory perception
C)haptic-auditory syndrome
D)synesthesia
Q3) A flute and a piano are both playing a note with a fundamental frequency of 1138 Hz.Why do the two instruments sound different?
A)The two notes differ slightly in perceived frequency.
B)The dynamics differ between the two instruments.
C)Each instrument has a different pattern of higher harmonics.
D)Pianos play an octave lower than other instruments.
Q4) Briefly explain the relationship between different types of Western music, such as reggae, grunge, and country.
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Page 15
Chapter 14: Touch and Pain
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Sample Questions
Q1) The somatosensory cortex is an area in the parietal lobe of the cerebral cortex that ______.
A)is devoted to processing the information coming from the skin senses
B)receives input from the spinothalamic pathway
C)is primarily responsible for vestibular responses
D)is the first cortical region that receives input from nociceptors
Q2) Amy falls into a river and breaks her leg.Despite intense pain, she swims out of the river and walks to safety because she knows if she doesn't get inside before dark, she is likely to freeze to death.Briefly explain what is going on in Amy's body that enables her to reach safety despite experiencing severe pain.
Q3) How is the sensation of itch similar to the sensation of pain?
A)Neither is more than an inconvenience.
B)Neither can be alleviated quickly.
C)Both are interpreted as unpleasant.
D)Both create a withdrawal response.
Q4) Alan injures his back severely.When he goes to the doctor, the doctor gives him a choice as to whether he thinks he needs an opioid drug.Briefly describe the benefits and risks Alan faces if gets this prescription.
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Page 16
Chapter 15: Olfaction and Taste
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Sample Questions
Q1) Stimulation of the ______ is what causes people to cry when they slice fresh onions.
A)trigeminal nerve
B)gustatory nerve
C)olfactory interface nerve
D)nasal canal
Q2) The painful or burning sensation caused by capsaicin in chili peppers is caused by its activation in the ______.
A)trigeminal nerve
B)cribriform plate
C)turbinate nucleus
D)A-delta fibers
Q3) Which of these is considered a basic taste?
A)stale
B)bland
C)salty
D)spicy
Q4) Identify an animal that is microsmatic, and briefly describe what that means, using a person for comparison.
Q5) Briefly describe how experience of flavor and taste differ.
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