Coastal Processes Exam Bank
Course Introduction
Coastal Processes explores the dynamic interactions at the interface between land and sea, focusing on the physical, chemical, and biological mechanisms that shape coastal environments. The course examines topics such as wave dynamics, tidal patterns, sediment transport, shoreline erosion, and coastal landform development. Students will gain an understanding of both natural and human-induced changes affecting coastlines, as well as methods for analyzing and managing coastal hazards and resources. Through a combination of theoretical foundations and practical case studies, the course equips learners with the knowledge necessary to assess and address contemporary challenges in coastal management and sustainability.
Recommended Textbook Essentials of Oceanography 9th Edition by Alan P. Trujillo
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15 Chapters
676 Verified Questions
676 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: Introduction to Planet Earth
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27 Verified Questions
27 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Heterotrophic organisms can make their own food from inorganic carbon sources.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) The mantle could not have produced enough water to fill the oceans.
A)True
B)False Answer: False
Q3) In general,the chemical composition of ocean water has remained constant through geologic time.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q4) Christopher Columbus established trade routes from Europe around Africa to India.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Chapter 2: Plate Tectonics and the Ocean Floor
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32 Verified Questions
32 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Fossils found in sediments can be used to:
A)indicate the relative age of the sediments.
B)provide evidence for plate movement.
C)suggest ancient climate characteristics.
D)support the idea that land masses were joined.
E)all of the above.
Answer: E
Q2) Deep ocean trenches are associated with:
A)rift valleys.
B)subduction zones.
C)submarine canyons.
D)transform faults.
E)turbidity currents.
Answer: B
Q3) Paleomagnetism confirms that at particular times in the geologic past Earth has had more than one magnetic north pole.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Page 4
Chapter 3: Marine Provinces
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43 Verified Questions
43 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) seismic survey
A)cumulative plot of area versus depth or elevation
B)device used for side-scan sonar
C)measurement of ocean depth and seafloor topography
D)used echo soundings in 1952 to identify mid-ocean ridge in South Atlantic
E)used to determine shape and position ofBoundaries
F)used to map ocean floor from space
G)uses high frequency sound waves to measure ocean depth
Answer: E
Q2) bathometry
A)cumulative plot of area versus depth or elevation
B)device used for side-scan sonar
C)measurement of ocean depth and seafloor topography
D)used echo soundings in 1952 to identify mid-ocean ridge in South Atlantic
E)used to determine shape and position ofBoundaries
F)used to map ocean floor from space
G)uses high frequency sound waves to measure ocean depth
Answer: C
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Page 5
Chapter 4: Marine Sediments
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47 Verified Questions
47 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Sediments found on continental margins are called:
A)continental.
B)estuarine.
C)neritic.
D)oceanic.
E)pelagic.
Q2) Texture refers to the size and shape of sediment particles.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Which of the following is not an important control on oceanic sediment accumulation?
A)degree of preservation
B)dilution
C)input from other sediment types
D)rate of deposition
E)All of the above factors are important.
Q4) A glacial deposit is well-sorted.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 5: Water and Seawater
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35 Verified Questions
35 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The density of seawater is affected by salinity and temperature.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The latent heat of vaporization of water is larger than the latent heat of melting.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Heat capacity of liquid water is 1 calorie per gram per degree C.
A)True
B)False
Q4) As the salinity of seawater increases,its:
A)density decreases.
B)heat capacity decreases.
C)residence time increases
D)residence time decreases
E)residence time does not change.
Q5) Water can pile up higher than the edge of a container due to its low surface tension.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 6: Air-Sea Interface
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49 Verified Questions
49 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The Tropic of Capricorn is located at:
A)0º longitude.
B)23.5<sup>o</sup>N latitude.
C)23.5<sup>o</sup>S latitude.
D)30<sup>o</sup>N latitude.
E)60ºS latitude.
Q2) With respect to the amount of energy absorbed by the atmosphere,the amount of energy radiated back into space between 35<sup>o</sup>N and 40<sup>o</sup>S latitude is:
A)about the same as the amount of energy absorbed by the atmosphere.
B)dependent upon the weather conditions such as cloud cover in the local area.
C)greater than the amount of energy absorbed by the atmosphere.
D)less than the amount of energy absorbed by the atmosphere, E)unrelated to latitude.
Q3) A hurricane is a very strong high-pressure system.
A)True B)False
Q4) Near the poles,more energy is reflected back into space than is absorbed. A)True B)False
Page 8
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Chapter 7: Ocean Circulation
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46 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The Sargasso Sea is located in the:
A)Arctic Ocean.
B)Indian Ocean.
C)North Atlantic Ocean.
D)North Pacific Ocean.
E)South Atlantic Ocean.
Q2) Deep ocean currents often move cold,dense water away from the poles. A)True
B)False
Q3) An eastern boundary current is narrow and swift.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The largest current by volume in the oceans is the Antarctic Circumpolar Current. A)True
B)False
Q5) The circular pattern of surface water currents is called a gyre.
A)True B)False
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Chapter 8: Waves and Water Dynamics
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Sample Questions
Q1) The vertical distance between the wave trough and the wave crest is the wavelength.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Waves converge on headlands due to:
A)constructive interference.
B)destructive interference.
C)wave diffraction.
D)wave reflection.
E)wave refraction.
Q3) Capillary and gravity waves are named for the:
A)dominant restoring force.
B)force that creates them.
C)rate at which they travel.
D)wave dispersion.
E)wave refraction pattern they create.
Q4) A standing wave is caused by wave reflection.
A)True
B)False
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Page 10
Chapter 9: Tides
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Sample Questions
Q1) A neap tide has:
A)moderately high tidal range.
B)moderately low tidal range.
C)no tidal range.
D)very high tidal range.
E)very low tidal range.
Q2) The force that pulls an orbiting body toward the center of that orbit is called:
A)amphidromic.
B)centrifugal.
C)centripetal.
D)gravitational.
E)tidal.
Q3) The maximum tidal range in the Bay of Fundy is on the order of 15 meters.
A)True
B)False
Q4) There is no horizontal tide-generating force on Earth at points directly below and opposite the Moon.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 10: The Coast: Beaches and Shoreline Processes
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42 Verified Questions
42 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The most biologically productive part of a salt marsh would be the:
A)barrier flat.
B)dune.
C)high marsh.
D)low marsh.
E)lagoon.
Q2) The backshore is found between the normal high tide mark and the coastline.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Which US coastline has the greatest average loss due to erosion?
A)Alaskan
B)Atlantic
C)Gulf
D)New England
E)Pacific
Q4) An increase in the spreading rate at a mid-ocean ridge will cause a decrease in sea level.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 11: The Coastal Oceans
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46 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Mangrove swamps are protective buffer areas in temperate latitude coastal ecosystems.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The Coriolis effect is evident in the surface circulation of Chesapeake Bay.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Coastal wetlands are characterized by:
A)high levels of inorganic nutrients in the tidal zone and oxygen-rich sediments
B)high levels of organic nutrients in the tidal zone and anoxic sediments.
C)high levels of organic nutrients in the tidal zone and oxygen-rich sediments.
D)low levels of inorganic nutrients in the tidal zone and anoxic sediments.
E)low levels of organic nutrients in the tidal zone and oxygen-rich sediments.
Q4) Nitrates and hydrocarbons are examples of persistent organic pollutants in marine ecosystems.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Minamata disease was caused by mercury contamination.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 12: Marine Life and the Marine Environment
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52 Verified Questions
52 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Cold,high viscosity water benefits floating organisms.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Which of the following associations is incorrect?
A)Kingdom Animalia - dolphins
B)Kingdom Fungi - mushrooms
C)Kingdom Monera - bacteria in hydrothermal vents
D)Kingdom Plantae - macroalgae
E)Kingdom Protista - phytoplankton
Q3) Most marine species are found in a(n):
A)bathypelagic environment.
B)benthic environment.
C)mesopelagic environment.
D)oceanic environment.
E)pelagic environment.
Q4) A euryhaline organism would be poorly adapted to living in coastal environments.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 13: Biological Productivity and Energy Transfer
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50 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) All of the following are effective means of regulating fisheries except:
A)Limiting the length of the fishing season.
B)Limiting the size of the boat.
C)Restricting the location of a legal catch.
D)Setting catch limits.
E)Setting gear limits.
Q2) The area of the ocean that produces the largest standing stock of commercial fish is in the:
A)coastal areas.
B)epipelagic zone.
C)mesopelagic zone.
D)tropical areas.
E)upwelling areas.
Q3) If the total caloric content of the autotrophic organisms in a marine ecosystem were 250,000 KCAL,then the expected caloric value for the second-level consumers would be 25,000 KCAL.
A)True
B)False
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15
Chapter 14: Animals of the Pelagic Environment
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37 Verified Questions
37 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The speed of a fish is closely related to its:
A)aspect ratio.
B)length.
C)number of fins.
D)size of tail.
E)width.
Q2) Strategies for staying afloat in pelagic environments include air bladder,increased body fat,and increased density.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Identify the mismatched pair.
A)dolphin -Cetacea
B)dugong - Sirenia
C)manatee - Cetacea
D)sea otter - Carnivora
E)walrus - Pinnipedia
Q4) The California gray whale is unusual because it stirs up bottom sediment in order to feed.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 15: Animals of the Benthic Environment
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Sample Questions
Q1) Most of the hydrothermal vents and cool-water seeps on the seafloor were discovered during which decade?
A)1960s
B)1970s
C)1980s
D)1990s
E)since 2000
Q2) All of the following are examples of strategies employed by organisms to reduce wave shock in the rocky intertidal zone except:
A)byssal threads.
B)flexible stems and blades.
C)holdfasts.
D)motile larvae.
E)the use of suction to attach to rocks.
Q3) Fiddler crabs are commonly found inhabitants of tide pools.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Coral reefs contain twenty-five percent of all marine species.
A)True
B)False
Page 17
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