Clinical Psychology Exam Preparation
Guide
Course Introduction
Clinical Psychology is the scientific field focused on understanding, assessing, and treating psychological disorders and mental distress. This course explores the theories, principles, and methods used by clinical psychologists to evaluate psychological problems, with an emphasis on evidence-based practices for intervention and therapy. Students will learn about diagnosis, therapeutic techniques, ethical considerations, and the integration of psychological testing, as well as the roles clinical psychologists play in a variety of settings such as hospitals, private practice, and community mental health centers. The course also addresses cultural, social, and biological influences on mental health, aiming to provide a comprehensive foundation for those interested in the profession.
Recommended Textbook
Understanding Abnormal Behavior 10th Edition by David Sue
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1750 Verified Questions
1750 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Abnormal Behavior
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103 Verified Questions
103 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Jack carries on conversations with creatures only he can see in a language that no one else can understand.Jack says the creatures instruct him to crush insects that only Jack can see.Jack is experiencing ____.
A)delusions
B)discomfort
C)hallucinations
D)disorientation
Answer: C
Q2) During a diagnostic interview, a psychiatrist asks the client if he or she knows what day it is, what his or her name is, and where he or she is.These questions are designed to assess ____.
A)disorientation
B)discomfort
C)subjective distress
D)dysfunction
Answer: A
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Chapter 2: Models of Abnormal Behavior
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Sample Questions
Q1) Patients in psychoanalysis unconsciously attempt to impede their treatment by preventing exposure of repressed material.This process is referred to as ____.
A)transference
B)suppression
C)projection
D)resistance
Answer: D
Q2) Which perspective is not really a systemized school of thought, and instead is more like a set of attitudes that emphasizes the individual's quest for meaning and personal responsibility for choices?
A)existential
B)cognitive
C)psychodynamic
D)behavioral
Answer: A
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Chapter 3: Assessment and Classification of Abnormal Behavior
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103 Verified Questions
103 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is a criticism regarding the decisions concerning diagnostic categories DSM-5?
A)Decisions favor of a single diagnostic label and has eliminated the five-axis concept.
B)Decisions neglect to consider mental disorders that afflict only women.
C)Decisions assume that stimulus control is a major component in mental disorders.
D)Decisions may have had pharmaceutical company influence.
Answer: D
Q2) In which one of the following are inner motives and conflicts revealed by what is seen in inkblots and whether color plays a role in the responses?
A)Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2)
B)Structured Diagnostic Interview (SDI)
C)Rorschach Technique
D)Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Answer: C
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Chapter 4: The Scientific Method in Abnormal Psychology
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Sample Questions
Q1) The best way to test cause-and-effect relationships is with a(n)____.
A)case study
B)placebo
C)correlational study
D)experiment
Q2) What is a serious drawback to using analogue studies?
A)They require larger samples than do other types of experimental studies.
B)Although the research offers high levels of control, the findings may not apply to anyone outside the sample studied.
C)Although the external validity of such research is strong, internal validity is usually weak.
D)It is difficult to gain the statistical significance needed for such studies to provide meaningful results.
Q3) In order to compare how often some behavior or other phenomenon occurs in the population that is being studied, researchers examine ____.
A)correlations
B)reliable measurements
C)operational definitions
D)base rates
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Page 6
Chapter 5: Anxiety and Obsessive Compulsive and Related Disorders
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Sample Questions
Q1) Larry is so afraid of being alone in public places that he cannot bring himself to leave his house.The mere thought of leaving produces overwhelming panic.Larry probably suffers from ____.
A)obsessive-compulsive disorder
B)generalized anxiety disorder
C)social phobia
D)agoraphobia
Q2) According to the cognitive-behavioral perspective, panic attacks are due to a feedback loop involving ____.
A)bodily sensations and thoughts
B)id impulses and ego defenses
C)neurotransmitters and receptors
D)the amygdala and the hippocampus
Q3) Momoko is Japanese.Because she suffers from Taijin Kyofusho, we would expect her to fear ____.
A)snakes
B)offending other people
C)social situations
D)public places
Page 7
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Chapter 6: Stress Disorders
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Sample Questions
Q1) Recent research suggests that migraine headaches may involve a ____.
A)biological predisposition
B)autonomic response
C)stimulus specificity
D)somatic weakness
Q2) Reduction of stress through relaxation appears to ____.
A)make no difference in the blood pressure of those with essential hypertension
B)increase arteriosclerosis in those with essential hypertension
C)significantly reduce headaches
D)increase blood pressure in those with essential hypertension
Q3) Which of the following individuals is most likely to have high blood pressure?
A)Rebecca, a 45-year-old white woman
B)Randy, a 50-year-old Asian American male
C)Raul, an 80-year-old Mexican American male
D)Rosa, an 80-year-old African American woman
Q4) List and describe three different factors that moderate individuals' stress responses.
Q5) Describe psychophysiological disorders and some of the factors that may lead to their development.How are some people able to avoid succumbing to the ill effects of these risk factors?
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Chapter 7: Somatic Symptom and Dissociative Disorders
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is the major goal in treating dissociative identity disorder (DID)?
A)fusion and complete integration of the individual personalities
B)getting the personalities to work together
C)getting the client to understand that the personalities are different aspects of the client's own personality
D)having the client use each of the personalities for specific situations that fit a given personality's abilities
Q2) Dr.Abdullah's new patient is diagnosed with dissociative fugue.Rather than doing in-depth psychotherapy, the doctor prescribes an antidepressant and provides emotional support.Why would Dr.Abdullah respond this way?
A)The doctor probably sees the condition as iatrogenic.
B)The doctor probably agrees with the psychodynamic perspective.
C)The doctor probably knows that fugue is a hopeless condition that is untreatable.
D)The doctor probably knows that fugue goes away spontaneously and that depression is the only significant treatable symptom.
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9
Chapter 8: Mood Disorders
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103 Verified Questions
103 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Professor Solomon is investigating the relationship between unipolar and bipolar disorders.Based on research that has already been conducted, she will most likely find that ____.
A)There is little or no relationship between the two.
B)There is some indirect relationship, but no direct relationship, between them.
C)The two disorders are related or under the influence of common factors.
D)The techniques and strategies currently used are not sufficiently sensitive to provide useful information about a relationship between the two disorders.
Q2) A treatment involving the creation of routines in day-to-day life that has been effective in reducing relapse in bipolar disorder is ____.
A)social rhythm therapy
B)psychoeducation
C)family-focused therapy
D)cognitive-behavioral therapy
Q3) Which quote best illustrates what Seligman means by learned helplessness?
A)"Nothing I do will ever improve my situation."
B)"Everyone can dance well except me."
C)"I can't remember anything good ever happening to me."
D)"Many of the stresses in my life I brought on myself."
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Page 10
Chapter 9: Suicide
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Sample Questions
Q1) Dr.Ethan says, "Suicide rates vary with occupation and income group.They also vary depending on the individual's relationship to and interaction with society." Dr.Ethan's remarks reflect which perspective on suicide?
A)sociocultural
B)psychodynamic
C)cognitive
D)behavioral
Q2) Ignacio calls a telephone hot line because he is thinking of harming himself.The telephone counselor asks him if he is married, if he has ever harmed himself before, and the stressors he faces.Why are these questions being asked?
A)The counselor is assessing his lethality.
B)The counselor just wants to establish good rapport.
C)The law requires this information about everyone who calls a telephone hot line.
D)The counselor is performing a psychological autopsy.
Q3) List and describe five different risk factors for suicide.
Q4) Discuss how the biological and sociocultural approaches explain the causes of suicidal behavior.
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11
Chapter 10: Eating Disorders
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103 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is suggested by research comparing African American women and white women?
A)Because African American women perceive themselves as being heavier than they actually are, they do not believe it is important to change their normal eating patterns. B)Media messages equating thinness with beauty have less impact on African American women.
C)African American women are less likely than white women to have anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, or binge-eating disorder.
D)Because African American women have nonassertive roles in relationships and in the community, they are more influenced than white women by gender-restrictive messages.
Q2) Dorit has been asked to prepare a list of "forbidden" foods and to rank them in order of "dangerousness." Dorit is most likely in which phase of her treatment program for binge-eating disorder?
A)first
B)second
C)third
D)maintenance
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Chapter 11: Substance Use Disorders
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103 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Currently no effective pharmacological interventions for ____.
A)stimulant abuse
B)opioid abuse
C)nicotine abuse
D)alcohol abuse
Q2) Why has methadone treatment turned from being a simple solution to a major problem?
A)It is extremely expensive.
B)It has severe physical side effects, such as nausea and vomiting.
C)It creates anxiety and depression in many people who take it.
D)Like the heroin it replaces, it can also become addicting.
Q3) Tolerance and withdrawal are the hallmarks of substance ____.
A)dependence
B)consumption
C)abuse
D)use
Q4) Describe the Treatment for Alcohol Dependence.
Q5) Alcohol and narcotics are both depressants.Discuss how they have both similar and different effects on and consequences for those who are dependent.
Page 13
Q6) Describe progression from initial substance use to substance abuse.
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Chapter 12: Schizophrenia
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Sample Questions
Q1) Recent research investigating cognitive symptoms associated with schizophrenia shows that ____.
A)they are evidenced by deficits in the ability to absorb information, sustain attention, and use recently acquired information
B)they occur in the later stages in the developmental course of the disorder
C)they tend to disappear with treatment
D)they are not typically considered to be a core component of schizophrenia
Q2) Mary suffers from schizophrenia and usually shows a total lack of emotion.We cannot diagnose her as having primary symptoms of schizophrenia unless ____.
A)she shows the symptoms of catatonic schizophrenia
B)we can rule out the effects of medicine or institutionalization
C)we see a complete absence of delusions
D)she also shows loosening of associations
Q3) Sensory perceptions that are not directly attributable to environmental stimuli are called ____.
A)ideas of reference
B)hallucinations
C)delusions
D)loose associations
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Page 14
Chapter 13: Neurocognitive Disorders
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Sample Questions
Q1) Ali has difficulty speaking.He also experiences memory deficits as well as problems making plans and thinking abstractly.Ali suffers from behavioral disturbances that result from damage to the brain, which is technically referred to as ____.
A)schizophrenia
B)an identity disorder
C)a mood disorder
D)a neurocognitive disorder
Q2) Dexter has hearing loss, significant cognitive difficulties, and has seizures due to a disease that he contracted as an infant from a virus.That disease most likely was ____.
A)AIDS
B)meningitis
C)epilepsy
D)encephalitis
Q3) Who has the lowest risk for developing dementia?
A)Arlene, an 85-year-old woman recovering from a hip fracture
B)Bonnie, a 70-year-old woman who recently had a stroke
C)Cora, a 35-year-old woman who injured her head in a cycling accident
D)Dora, a 35-year-old women who is being treated for heroin addiction
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Chapter 14: Sexual Dysfunction and Gender Dysphoria Disorders
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103 Verified Questions
103 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following men has secondary erectile dysfunction?
A)Bill, whose inability is caused by a physiological problem he was born with
B)Charlie, whose inability has psychological causes
C)Emmett, who has never had an erection sufficient for intercourse
D)Del, who used to have adequate erections but is unable to do so now
Q2) The definition of sexual disorders is ____.
A)unique because it does not include subjective distress
B)among the clearest of all forms of psychological disorders to identify
C)based primarily on the statistical rarity criterion
D)difficult because it is influenced by cultural norms and values
Q3) FBI statistics show that over the past several years in the United States, the number of reported rapes ____.
A)has been slowly declining
B)has risen dramatically
C)has declined dramatically
D)has remained relatively stable
Q4) Describe the four stages of the human sexual response.Indicate how at least one form of sexual dysfunction can occur in each of these stages.
Page 16
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Chapter 15: Personality Psychopathology
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Sample Questions
Q1) Gus has been diagnosed with antisocial personality disorder and is in treatment.His therapist supports Beck's cognitive approach to therapy.We can guess that Gus's therapist ____.
A)rewards and punishes Gus's behavior immediately and consistently
B)provides a physically and mentally stimulating environment so that Gus's thrill seeking is redirected into something constructive
C)will attempt to get Gus to think less about himself and more about developing a sense of responsibility
D)will use guilt and shame to stop Gus from thinking about the world and himself in an irrational manner
Q2) Longitudinal research with antisocial personality disorder shows that ____.
A)there is very little change in the antisocial behavior over time
B)antisocial behavior gets progressively worse over time
C)the prevalence of antisocial personality disorder diminishes over time
D)because people with antisocial personality disorder engage in high-risk behaviors, most of them die prematurely
Q3) Evaluate the evidence that antisocial personality disorder stems from physiological abnormalities.
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Chapter 16: Disorders of Childhood and Adolescence
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Sample Questions
Q1) Ms.Ribner has several students in her class with neurodevelopmental disorder.The best help and support she can offer them is to ____.
A)teach them skills and develop their potential to the fullest extent possible
B)provide them with remedial education.
C)improve their interpersonal skills
D)educate their parents about how to encourage their children to learn
Q2) Sam is chronically getting in trouble at school.He fights with other boys, has destroyed school property, and cheats on his assignments.Sam also has been arrested by the local police for setting fires and stealing.Sam most likely would be diagnosed with
A)antisocial personality disorder
B)conduct disorder
C)temper dysregulation disorder with dysphoria
D)oppositional defiant disorder
Q3) Describe the DSM-V diagnostic criteria for autism spectrum disorder.
Q4) Which cause of mental retardation is 100 percent preventable?
A)phenylketonuria (PKU)
B)Down syndrome
C)fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS)
D)fragile X syndrome
Page 18
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Chapter 17: Legal and Ethical Issues in Abnormal Psychology
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Sample Questions
Q1) The case of Durham vs.United States (1954)left the task of defining mental illness to mental health professionals.This had the general result that ____.
A)relying on psychiatric testimony has served to confuse the issues because both the prosecutor and defense bring in psychiatric experts, who often present conflicting testimony.
B)many defendants were opting for a plea of insanity
C)a huge rift developed between mental health professionals and the legal system
D)the mental health professionals developed a stricter definition than the courts had previously followed
Q2) Much of the problem with deinstitutionalization appears to be the ____.
A)lack of community preparation and resources for discharged patients
B)ineffectiveness of medication given to discharged patients
C)poor quality of care patients received in the hospital
D)frequency with which misdiagnoses are made by mental health professionals
Q3) Which of the following accurately pairs the insanity rule with its description?
A)irresistible impulse-lack of willpower or control over behavior
B)M'Naghten Rule-lack of willpower or control over behavior
C)M'Naghten Rule-unable to help in one's defense
D)irresistible impulse-did not know right from wrong
Page 19
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