Clinical Pharmacology Exam Bank
Course Introduction
Clinical Pharmacology is the study of drugs in humans, focusing on the mechanisms of drug action, therapeutic and adverse effects, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics. This course explores how medications are absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and excreted, as well as how they interact with biological systems to prevent, diagnose, or treat diseases. Emphasis is placed on rational prescribing, individualized patient therapy, drug interactions, and the principles of dose-response relationships. Students will also gain insights into clinical trials, regulatory aspects, and ethical considerations in pharmacological research and patient care.
Recommended Textbook
Introduction to Clinical Pharmacology 7th Edition by Marilyn Edmunds
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24 Chapters
575 Verified Questions
575 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/study-set/1131 Page 2
Chapter 1: Pharmacology and the Nursing Process in LPN Practice
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25 Verified Questions
25 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/22201
Sample Questions
Q1) The six "rights" of medication administration include which of the following?
A) Drug,time,dose,doctor,route,and documentation
B) Drug,time,dose,patient,route,and documentation
C)Drug,diagnosis,time,patient,route,and documentation
D) Dose,time,doctor,patient,route,and drug
Answer: B
Q2) Which of the following represents the correct order of the steps of the nursing process?
A)Assessment,diagnosis,planning,implementation,evaluation
B)Planning,assessment,diagnosis,implementation,evaluation
C)Assessment,planning,implementation,diagnosis,evaluation
D)Diagnosis,planning,implementation,evaluation,assessment
Answer: A
Q3) Which of the following nursing actions should ensure that a medication is given to the right patient?
A) Checking the patient's identification bracelet
B) Verifying the medication record with the chart
C) Verifying the room number with the chart
D) Asking the patient to state his or her birth date and Social Security number
Answer: A
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Chapter 2: Patient Teaching and Health Literacy
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31 Verified Questions
31 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Patients may have difficulty in meeting treatment goals for which of the following reasons? (Select all that apply. )
A) Lack of understanding of the goals
B) Incongruity between patient and nursing goals
C) Compliance with all aspects of the treatment plan
D) Limited financial resources
Answer: A,B,D
Q2) The LPN is teaching a patient about the side effects of her hypertension medication.Research has shown that the nurse should tell the patient about all the side effects of this medication for which of the following reasons?
A) Medications are hard to recognize by color and shape only.
B) Patients want to be able to discuss their medications.
C) Patients must be able to recognize side effects correctly.
D) Medication names are easier to pronounce.
Answer: C
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4
Chapter 3: Legal Aspects Affecting the Administration of Medications
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24 Verified Questions
24 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) As the nurse is coming on duty to take over the day shift,the night nurse tells the nurse that she has already counted the controlled drugs for the day shift.Which of the following will the nurse do in this situation?
A) Do nothing;this is standard procedure.
B) Accept the keys and recount the drugs.
C) Recount the drugs with another nurse.
D) Count the drugs at the end of your shift.
Answer: C
Q2) Which of the following is the title of legislation passed in 2001 for health care workers?
A) Federal Food,Drugs,and Cosmetic Act
B) Durham-Humphrey Amendment
C) Kefauver-Harris Amendment
D) Needlestick Safety and Prevention Act
Answer: D
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Page 5
Chapter 4: Foundations and Principles of Pharmacology
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26 Verified Questions
26 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Cell membranes with very small passages,such as the placental and blood-brain barriers,affect which of the following pharmacokinetic processes?
A) Absorption
B) Distribution
C) Metabolism
D) Excretion
Q2) Propranolol (Inderal)is eliminated almost entirely via metabolism by the liver after oral administration.This necessitates giving much larger doses by mouth as compared to intravenous (IV)administration.For this reason,propranolol is a good example of a drug that exhibits which of the following effects?
A) Hepatotoxic
B) Nephrotoxic
C) First-pass
D) Displacement
Q3) Which of the following medications is absorbed most rapidly?
A) Subcutaneous insulin
B) Intravenous antibiotic
C) Rectal suppository
D) Sublingual nitroglycerin
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Page 6
Chapter 5: Lifespan and Cultural Modifications
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18 Verified Questions
18 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) A pregnant patient asks the nurse what "teratogenic effect" of medications means.The nurse states that it is which of the following?
A) The ability to cause damage to the pregnant woman
B) A type of anaphylactic reaction in the pregnant woman
C) The ability to cause damage to the fetus
D) A term for stating the therapeutic effect of the medication for the fetus
Q2) A mother comes to the clinic with her 7-year-old son who has had a cold for 2 days.She has been giving the child an over-the-counter preparation for his cough.The mother tells the nurse the child has been very hyperactive since his illness.The nurse assessing this patient would tell the mother which of the following?
A) "Keep him busy.He will soon get tired and fall asleep."
B) "All children act this way when they are ill and want attention."
C) "Over-the-counter medication may cause reactions in children."
D) "Over-the-counter medication is not strong enough to cause a reaction."
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Therapies, and Drugs for Health Promotion
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19 Verified Questions
19 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Iron supplements are used in the treatment of which of the following conditions?
A) Anemia
B) Osteoporosis
C) Esophageal reflux
D) Constipation
Q2) Which of the following over-the-counter supplements would the nurse recommend for a postmenopausal woman?
A) Selenium
B) Calcium
C) Vitamin C
D) Folic acid
Q3) An Alzheimer disease patient was started on medication for this condition,and the physician also suggested that he should take over-the-counter ginkgo.The nurse explains to the patient that this product will do which of the following?
A) Improve blood flow to the extremities.
B) Stop hot flashes and night sweats.
C) Decrease gas formation in the stomach.
D) Improve bowel movements.
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Chapter 7: Review of Mathematical Principles
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19 Verified Questions
19 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following represents the number 564 as written in Roman numerals?
A) CCIV
B) DMLIV
C) DLXIV
D) MLIV
Q2) Which of the following represents x in the proportion "10 : 100 :: 5 : x"?
A) 50
B) 25
C) 20
D) 40
Q3) Which of the following is the solution to the problem? 1/16 + 1/2 + 3/8 = ___.
A) 5/26
B) 15/16
C) 5/16
D) 17/16
Q4) The Roman numeral XLII should be interpreted as which of the following numbers?
A) 492
B) 92
C) 62
D) 42
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Chapter 8: Mathematical Calculations Used in Pharmacology
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15 Verified Questions
15 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The patient has a temperature of 38.9° C.Which of the following represents this temperature in Fahrenheit?
A) 104° F
B) 102° F
C) 98.6° F
D) 97.2° F
Q2) Nurses have to memorize a great deal of information in clinical practice.When trying to memorize all the different units in the apothecary and metric systems,a nurse should do which of the following? (Select all that apply. )
A) Master the familiar units.
B) Learn equivalents in two systems.
C) Memorize all information.
D) Depend on other nurses.
Q3) A patient is on a medication that comes in a dosage of 1000 mcg.In milligrams,this dose is expressed as which of the following ?
A) 100 mg
B) 1 mg
C) 1000 mg
D) 10 mg
10
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Chapter 9: Calculating Drug Dosages
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17 Verified Questions
17 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) A child's BSA is 0.9 m².The prescribed dose of medication is 2 mg/m².Which of the following is the calculated dosage?
A) 2 mg
B) 0.5 mg
C) 1.8 mg
D) 1 mg
Q2) Demerol 75 mg is ordered IV push q 4 to 6 hours PRN for pain.This medication is available in 100 mg/mL.Which of the following represents the amount (in mL)that the nurse will give every 4 to 6 hours as needed?
A) 0.75 mL
B) 75 mL
C) 0.15 mL
D) 0.26 mL
Q3) If Phenergan is available in 100 mg/2 mL ampules,which of the following represents the amount needed in milliliters to give a dose of 12.5 mg IM?
A) 0.20 mL
B) 0.25 mL
C) 0.50 mL
D) 0.75 mL
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Page 11
Chapter 10: Preparing and Administering Medications
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20 Verified Questions
20 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Injectable iron should be administered by which of the following injection methods?
A) Subcutaneous
B) Intradermal
C) Z-track intramuscular injection
D) IV piggyback
Q2) If an IV has become infiltrated,the nurse will observe which of the following assessment findings?
A) Pallor,pain
B) Erythema,warmth
C) Erythema,swelling
D) Warmth,swelling
Q3) An elderly patient is scheduled to take six medications each morning.The nurse administering these medications knows to do which of the following?
A) Allow extra time to administer all of the medications.
B) Allow the patient to take only the medications she can swallow.
C) Crush all of the medications before giving them.
D) Leave the medication at the bedside so the patient can take them slowly.
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12
Chapter 11: Allergy and Respiratory Medications
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20 Verified Questions
20 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/22211
Sample Questions
Q1) A patient has recently recovered from pneumonia.She is on an expectorant for a cough she developed with her pneumonia.She discovers that she now wheezes after jogging in the morning.The physician might suggest which of the following?
A) Taking an oral bronchodilator before running
B) Using an intranasal steroid nebulizer before running
C) Taking a spray decongestant before running
D) Drinking 2 quarts of water daily
Q2) A patient has had asthma since childhood but is now an active teenager with few symptoms as long as she takes her medication regularly.Lately she reports a lack of appetite,difficulty falling asleep,vague feelings of anxiety,and restlessness.She also notices a little tremor of her hands and feels pounding in her chest.These symptoms may be caused by which of the following?
A) Sympathomimetic drugs
B) Xanthine derivatives
C) Cromolyn sodium
D) Both sympathomimetic and xanthine derivative agents
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13
Chapter 12: Antiinfective Medications
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27 Verified Questions
27 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following should be true of any antibiotic used to treat an infection caused by a penicillinase-producing organism?
A) It should be acid stable.
B) It should be an extended-spectrum antibiotic.
C) It should be penicillinase resistant.
D) It should be a narrow-spectrum antibiotic.
Q2) Special hand hygiene techniques and care of clothing,bedding,and bathroom facilities must be taught to patients with which of the following conditions?
A) Parasites
B) Helminthiasis
C) Amebiasis
D) Malaria
Q3) Treatment for active tuberculosis includes which of the following?
A) Long-term treatment with more than one drug
B) The need to develop drug-resistant organisms
C) Chemoprophylaxis with bacteriostatic medications
D) Chemotherapy in patients at high risk for developing infection
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14
Chapter
Medications
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20 Verified Questions
20 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Before antiretrovirals are started for patients infected with HIV,which of the following lab values should be obtained from the patient?
A) Triglycerides
B) Cholesterol
C) Vitamin C
D) T-lymphocyte count
Q2) Which of the following instructions should the nurse provide to a patient taking an antifungal medication?
A) "Do not stop treatment when symptoms disappear."
B) "Two weeks of therapy are usually all that is needed."
C) "Keep your unused medication for up to 1 year in case you need it again."
D) "Thankfully,there are very few side effects to these drugs."
Q3) For cytomegalovirus (CMV)retinitis,the physician would prescribe which of the following types of medication?
A) Antifungal
B) Antiretroviral
C) Antibiotic
D) Antiviral
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Chapter 14: Antineoplastic Medications
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20 Verified Questions
20 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Common adverse reactions associated with antineoplastic drugs include which of the following?
A) Alopecia and bone marrow depression
B) Bone marrow stimulation and nausea
C) Diarrhea and blurred vision
D) Anorexia and rhinorrhea
Q2) A patient is being treated for ovarian carcinoma with carboplatin,an alkylating agent.Which of the following are actions of this medication? (Select all that apply. )
A) It interferes with normal cell division.
B) Malignant cells convert to normal.
C) Its effects occur in both normal and malignant cells.
D) Cell division is totally controlled with this medication.
Q3) Dactinomycin (Cosmegen)is an antibiotic used in the treatment of which of the following types of cancer? (Select all that apply. )
A) Pancreatic carcinoma
B) Testicular carcinoma
C) Uterine carcinoma
D) Wilms tumor
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Chapter 15: Cardiovascular and Renal Medications
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38 Verified Questions
38 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) A nurse gives a patient discharge instructions about how to store nitroglycerin sublingual tablets to keep the medication fresh for use at all times.Since nitroglycerin is easily destroyed,the nurse would tell the patient to store the medication in which of the following ways?
A) In plastic or a tight cardboard box
B) With cotton over the top of the medication
C) In a dark glass bottle out of the sunlight
D) In the refrigerator tightly closed
Q2) The treatment of hypertension in patients is accomplished at many sites in the body.The nurse administers diuretics to help achieve the goal of reducing the blood pressure through which of the following means? (Select all that apply. )
A) Water is lost with fluid intake directly.
B) Indirect production of sodium and water loss
C) Reduction of arterial tone
D) Reduction of arterial rigidity
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Chapter 16: Central and Peripheral Nervous System
Medications
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24 Verified Questions
24 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/22216
Sample Questions
Q1) Clonazepam (Klonopin),a benzodiazepine,is used on certain patients with which of the following disorders of the central nervous system?
A) Motion sickness
B) Parkinsonism
C) Myoclonic seizures
D) Chronic vertigo
Q2) The nurse is working with a patient who says he is hearing voices,and they are louder than they have been in the past.The patient has a history of taking phenothiazines but has not taken his medication for a few days.Which of the following psychotic disorders does this patient have?
A) Manic-depression
B) Chronic depressive behavior
C) Schizophrenia
D) Acute depression
Q3) Antimigraine agents act by which of the following mechanisms?
A) Blocking parasympathetic nerve impulses
B) Increasing cerebral blood flow
C) Constricting dilated cerebral arteries
D) Exerting a sympathomimetic effect
Page 18
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Chapter 17: Medications for Pain Management and Anesthesia
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18 Verified Questions
18 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) A patient comes into the emergency department with symptoms of an overdose.The nurse would expect the physician to order which of the following medications?
A) Naloxone (Narcan)
B) Codeine sulfate
C) Fentanyl (Duragesic)
D) Meperidine (Demerol)
Q2) Which of the following is an example of a procedure appropriate for local anesthesia?
A) Tonsillectomy
B) Dental procedure
C) Caesarean section
D) Hip replacement
Q3) Patients receiving a narcotic agonist analgesic should be watched for which of the following signs or symptoms?
A) Severe hypertension
B) Reduced cough reflex
C) Overeating
D) Restlessness
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27 Verified Questions
27 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) A patient comes into the clinic complaining of swelling,heat,and severe pain in the right great toe.The laboratory values are likely to show elevated serum levels of which of the following?
A) Calcium
B) Potassium
C) Uric acid
D) Glucose
Q2) A 67-year-old patient who weighs 285 pounds comes to the doctor's office with a history of progressive onset of pain in her knees and hips.The doctor may tell her which of the following about her treatment?
A) Nothing can be done for her because of her weight.
B) She should take two aspirins and call him in the morning.
C) She should take two aspirins four to six times per day.
D) The pain can be resolved by diet and exercise.
Q3) Which of the following is the most common complication when taking NSAIDs?
A) GI upset
B) Constipation
C) Fluid overload
D) Headaches
Page 20
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Chapter 19: Gastrointestinal Medications
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20 Verified Questions
20 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) An alcoholic patient comes to the emergency department after drinking a beer.He has complaints of severe diarrhea,nausea,and vomiting.Which of the following drugs would produce this kind of reaction in the patient?
A) Cephulac (Lactulose)
B) Bisacodyl (Dulcolax)
C) Disulfiram (Antabuse)
D) Glycerin (Colace)
Q2) A frail 67-year-old nursing-home patient is brought to the clinic for a barium enema.For the next few days following the procedure,he fails to have any bowel movements.The physician will probably order which of the following treatments?
A) Saline laxative
B) Antispasmodic to increase peristalsis
C) Emetic to relieve pressure
D) Stool softener
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Chapter 20: Hematologic Products
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26 Verified Questions
26 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following drugs are used to prevent myocardial infarction in men? (Select all that apply. )
A) Vitamin K (AquaMEPHYTON)
B) Dipyridamole (Persantine)
C) Ticlopidine (Ticlid)
D) Clopidogrel (Plavix)
Q2) The dosage of heparin is considered adequate when the whole blood clotting time is at approximately which of the following levels?
A) 2 1/2 to 3 times the control value
B) 0.1 to 1 1/2 times the control value
C) 1 to 2 times the control value
D) 0.5 to 1 1/2 times the control value
Q3) Which of the following represents the therapeutic INR range for a patient taking Coumadin?
A) 1.0 to 2.0
B) 2.0 to 3.0
C) 3.0 to 4.0
D) 4.0 to 5.0
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22
Chapter 21: Hormones and Steroids
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Sample Questions
Q1) A 14-year-old boy is excessively small for his age.He has also failed to develop any secondary sex characteristics.After endocrine evaluation,the physician decides to institute hormone therapy to stimulate growth.Which of the following is the general category of drugs that would be ordered?
A) Androgens
B) Posterior pituitary hormones
C) Adrenal hormones
D) Corticosteroids
Q2) Lipodystrophy is best defined as which of the following?
A) Decrease and shrinkage of fatty tissues
B) Increase in fatty tissue in buttocks
C) Overgrowth of breast tissue
D) Increase in fatty tissue on abdomen
Q3) When used for a short period to treat dysfunctional bleeding,progestins will have which of the following effects?
A) They will cause breakthrough bleeding in 24 hours.
B) They will stop bleeding and cause the endometrium to shed.
C) They will decrease the risk for endometrial cancer.
D) They will stop all side effects of the drug.
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Page 23
Chapter 22: Immunologic Medications
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27 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following may be used to relieve localized discomfort after immunization injections? (Select all that apply. )
A) Warm compresses
B) Acetaminophen
C) Antihistamines
D) Decongestants
Q2) A child is scheduled for immunizations,but the mother states that his temperature has been 100.2° F all day.The nurse will take which of the following actions?
A) Tell the mother to go home.
B) Give the immunizations.
C) Give a higher dose because of the fever.
D) Tell the mother to wait 1 month.
Q3) TD (tetanus and diphtheria)boosters are recommended at which of the following intervals?
A) Every 5 years
B) Every 7 years
C) Every 10 years
D) Every 15 years
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24
Chapter 23: Topical Medications
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Sample Questions
Q1) Salicylic acid is used in the treatment of which of the following conditions of the foot?
A) Ingrown toenails
B) Hammer toe
C) Bunions
D) Calluses
Q2) A 15-year-old patient is started on adapalene (Differin)for which of the following skin conditions?
A) Pediculosis
B) Ringworm
C) Acne
D) Scabies
Q3) A patient comes into the clinic to renew her prescription for her chronic psoriasis condition.She is likely being treated with which of the following?
A) An antipsoriatic
B) A scabicide
C) A pediculicide
D) Steroids
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Chapter 24: Vitamins and Minerals
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Sample Questions
Q1) Magnesium is found in which of the following foods?
A) Bread
B) Meat
C) Eggs
D) Legumes
Q2) Calcium is essential for which of the following functions? (Select all that apply. )
A) Blood clotting
B) Neurotransmission
C) Formation of sweat
D) Muscle contraction
Q3) Which of the following is an action of ascorbic acid (vitamin C)?
A) Softens stool in the large bowel
B) Decreases nasal secretions
C) Protects vitamins A and E
D) Protects hair coloring
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