Clinical Mental Health Counseling Exam Questions
Course Introduction
Clinical Mental Health Counseling examines the principles, practices, and ethical considerations involved in providing mental health services to diverse populations across the lifespan. The course explores evidence-based assessment, diagnosis, and therapeutic interventions within individual, group, and family settings, emphasizing the development of cultural competence and advocacy skills. Students learn strategies for addressing a range of mental health issues including anxiety, depression, trauma, and substance use disorders while gaining an understanding of professional roles, legal frameworks, and collaborative approaches within multidisciplinary teams.
Recommended Textbook Theory and Treatment Planning in Counseling and Psychotherapy 2nd Edition by
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Page 2
Diane R. Gehart
Chapter 1: Counseling Theory, Competency, Research, and
You: Connecting the Dots
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Q1) Efficacious treatments meet all of the same criteria as EST's and which of the following additional criteria?
A) Utilize only the unique components of a specific theory.
B) Reflect at least three of the common factors.
C) Prove superior to at least two other studies.
D) Are subjected to two independent investigations.
Answer: D
Q2) Efficacious and specific treatments meet all of the same criteria as EST's and which of the following additional criteria?
A) Utilize only the unique components of a specific theory.
B) Reflect at least three of the common factors.
C) Prove superior to at least two other studies.
D) Be subjected to two independent investigations.
Answer: C
Q3) There is much disagreement between professional mental health organizations and federal and state laws regarding the key issues and principles.
A)True
B)False
Answer: FALSE
Page 3
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Chapter 2: Treatment Planning
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Q1) Which of the following statements best describes closing phase client goals?
A) Closing phase goals address issues of safety, welfare, and support.
B) Closing phase goals address the issue of moving of the client toward greater "health" as defined by the client.
C) Closing phase goals address more global issues and moving the client toward greater health.
D) Closing phase goals address more global issues and assess client experience in therapy and the willingness to return to therapy in the future.
Answer: C
Q2) The primary function of client goals in the working phase is to address ____________________________.
A) crisis issues and stabilize crisis symptoms
B) dynamics that create and/or sustain client symptoms or problems
C) the global issues which move the client toward greater heath
D) monitoring the quality of the therapeutic relationship
Answer: B
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4
Chapter 3: Psychoanalytic and Psychodynamic Counseling and Psychotherapy
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Q1) Freudian analysts conceptualize client problems by examining how the __________ manages on-going conflicts between the ______________ and the
A) ego; id's drives; superego's prohibitions
B) superego; id's drives; ego's prohibitions
C) id; ego's drives; superego's prohibitions
D) ego; superego's drives; id's prohibitions
Answer: A
Q2) Which of the following best describes transference?
A) The counselor ascribes a personal thought, feeling, or impulse to the client.
B) The counselor identifies with the experiences and feelings of the client.
C) The client confuses past experiences with the present reality.
D) The client projects attributes from unresolved issues with primary caregivers to the counselor.
Answer: D
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Chapter 4: Jungian Analytic Psychology
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Q1) All of the following are Jungian analytic interventions EXCEPT:
A) pathologizing and diagnosing behavior.
B) identifying symbols and decoding their meaning for clients.
C) dream analysis using archetypal symbols and myth to find meaning for clients.
D) interpretation of synchronistic events to determine meaning.
Q2) All of the following are stages in Jungian analytic psychology EXCEPT
A) confession.
B) identification.
C) education.
D) transformation.
Q3) In the Jungian case conceptualization of Martin,the client sees himself as a competent provider and has difficulty acknowledging certain parts of himself.This is an example of which of the following?
A) ego identity
B) the unconscious
C) archetype
D) individuation
Q4) What strengths does this approach have for working with diverse clients? What are the weaknesses?
Q5) Describe the relationship between the ego and the Self?
Page 6
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Chapter 5: Adlerian Individual Counseling
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Q1) Which of the following statements best describes Adler's belief about striving for superiority and betterment of self?
A) In the natural effort to better the self, each person develops a lifestyle, a set of attitudes that becomes a template through which the person makes sense of life.
B) In the natural effort to fit into the social environment, each person develops a lifestyle, a set of attitudes that becomes a template through which the person makes sense of life.
C) In the natural effort to attain status or wealth, each person sometimes develops a negative attitude that becomes a template through which they then view life.
D) In the natural effort to hide deeper parts of the self, each person develops a lifestyle, a set of attitudes that helps to protect the person from embarrassment.
Q2) How should the Adlerian counselor show encouragement?
Q3) What is the relationship of individual inferiority to social interest?
Q4) What is Adler's theory regarding social interest?
Q5) What is meant by "private logic"?
Q6) Explain the role of psychoeducation in Adlerian counseling.
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Chapter 6: Person-Centered Counseling and Psychotherapy
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Q1) Which of the following statements best describes counselor genuineness or congruence?
A) Somewhere between a detached professional and friendship.
B) The outer expressions of the counselor matching their inner experience.
C) Playing a role or having a professional façade.
D) A goal necessary to achieve in order to be a successful counselor.
Q2) All of the following are examples of process oriented goals EXCEPT:
A) increase ability to identify emotions in present moment.
B) increase sense of agency and proactive behavior in work life.
C) increase sense of responsibility for own problems and their resolution.
D) increase problem solving abilities.
Q3) What is the fundamental instrument of change in person-centered counseling?
A) Analysis of dreams
B) Focused Attending
C) The client
D) The counselor
Q4) How does culture affect how one expresses empathy?
Q5) What role does empathy play in humanistic counseling?
Q6) What is self-actualization?
Q7) List and describe 3 interventions utilized in person-centered counseling. Page 8
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Chapter 7: Existential Counseling and Psychotherapy
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Q1) Describe the concept of death anxiety from an existential counseling perspective.
Q2) Which of the following characteristics best describes the stance of existential counselors?
A) promoting responsibility and independence
B) a blank slate
C) reassuring and supportive
D) stating: "I'm right there with you."
Q3) Most existentialists believe that life is inherently __________.Existential counselors work with clients to help clients find life __________.
A) fulfilling/fulfillment
B) predetermined/determination
C) purposeful/purpose
D) meaningless/meaning
Q4) What are three interventions that existential counselors utilize in session? Describe each.
Q5) What do existential counselors believe about the purpose of life?
Q6) How do existential counselors view the goals of therapy?
Q7) Describe the I-Thou relationship.
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Chapter 8: Gestalt Counseling and Psychotherapy
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Q1) To increase awareness,Gestalt counselors often encourage clients to ________________.
A) modify their language
B) speak to an empty chair
C) stay with difficult feelings
D) write down their dreams
Q2) What is the person of the counselor and why is it important?
Q3) What are the strengths and weaknesses of Gestalt counseling in working with diverse populations?
Q4) What is meant by an "experiential" approach to therapy?
Q5) When a Gestalt counselor is "assessing the field," the counselor will likely ask the client all of the following questions EXCEPT:
A) What was your experience?
B) How did others experience you?
C) How did you contribute to creating your experience?
D) How did you contribute to the experience of others?
Q6) What is meant by the statement,"The more one tries to change (and be who one is not),the more one stays the same."
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Chapter 9: Foundational Cognitive-Behavioral Approaches
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Q1) ________________ is an evidence-based mindfulness approach that was originally developed to treat suicidal borderline clients.
A) Rational emotive behavioral therapy (REBT)
B) Dialectical behavioral therapy (DBT)
C) Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT)
D) Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT)
Q2) Operant conditioning shapes behavior by ________________________________________.
A) punishing undesired behavior
B) rewarding behavior in the direction of the desired behavior
C) withholding to gain compliance
D) educating to avoid future incidents of the behavior
Q3) What is meant by the terms in-vivo and flooding?
Q4) What is meant by the statement,"cognitive behavioral goals are specific and measurable?
Q5) A cognitive-behavioral therapist uses functional analysis to assess what the client is doing and thinking before,during,and after the symptom in order identify cause and effect patterns.
A)True
B)False
Page 12
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Chapter 10: Evidence-Based Cognitive-Behavioral
Approaches: Dialectic Behavior Therapy and
Trauma-Focused Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy
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Q1) Dialectical conceptualization is about finding balance between polar opposites.In the psychological realm opposites take the form of ____________,____________,or _____________.
A) conscious; unconscious; self
B) id; ego; superego
C) thoughts; emotions; behaviors
D) psychoeducation; acceptance; transformation
Q2) Trauma-focused cognitive-behavioral therapy (TF-CBT)is an evidence-based short term,strengths based approach which resolves trauma and increases self-efficacy.It integrates all of the following elements EXCEPT:
A) family systems theory.
B) humanistic approaches.
C) diagnosis and the medical model.
D) child development theory.
Q3) What is the role of the counselor in DBT?
Q4) DBT also utilizes practitioner agreements which include: every reasonable effort,ethical conduct,personal contact,respect,confidentiality,and consultation. A)True B)False
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Chapter 11: Systemic Family Counseling and Therapy
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Q1) When a parent and child team up against the second parent,this is an example of
A) lifecycle stage
B) subsystem
C) behavioral sequences
D) cross-generational coalition
Q2) Using the case example above,what might be an appropriate initial goal for Navid and his family in order to improve the relational structure in their family?
A) Reduce enmeshment between clients to increase the family's ability to make independent decisions.
B) Develop a working counseling relationship with consideration for diversity and the family's level of acculturation.
C) Increase the effectiveness of the parental hierarchy and the ability of the parents to consistently set and reinforce limits.
D) Increase sense of emotional connection with Navid and his parents.
Q3) What are the benefits of using systemic therapy with diverse client populations?
Q4) How are symptoms viewed by systemic therapists?
Q5) How do boundaries play a role in the family system?
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Chapter 12: Solution-Based Approaches
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Q1) The following statement: "Over the next week,I want you to generate a list of the things in your life and relationships that you do not want to have changed by therapy.Notice small things as well as big things that are working right now.",is an example of _______________________________.
A) the miracle question
B) formula first session task
C) assuming future solution
D) scaling question
Q2) How are strengths utilized in solution-focused counseling?
Q3) What is the role of the counselor in solution-focused counseling?
Q4) In solution-based counseling,__________ are viewed as intimately connected with a client's context,but are not considered curative.
A) solutions
B) emotions
C) strengths
D) problems.
Q5) Describe the miracle question and how it might be useful in a session with a client.
Q6) How do solution-focused counselors view problems?
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Chapter 13: Narrative and Collaborative Approaches
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Q1) Couples who choose not to have children; same-sex relationships; immigrant families wanting to preserve their roots are all examples of
A) unique outcomes
B) alternative discourses
C) dominant discourses
D) problem-saturated stories
B (The Viewing: Case Conceptualization)
Q2) What is the philosophic stance of a collaborative counselor and how does it affect the therapeutic relationship?
Q3) __________________ is the term used to describe when stories or subplots in which the problem-saturated story do not play out in its typical way with no dramatic ending or particularly notable outcome.
A) Problem narrative
B) Happy ending
C) Dull story
D) Unique outcome.
Q4) What is the nature of the relationship between counselor and client in narrative counseling?
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Chapter 14: Feminist and Multicultural Counseling and Psychotherapy
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Q1) The principle of authenticity as it relates to counselor-client relationships in feminist counseling is best explained as the counselor
A) using unfiltered self-disclosure
B) expressing responsiveness keeping the wellbeing of client's in mind
C) putting counselor reactiveness before the client's needs
D) not taking responsibility for relational disconnection
Q2) In general,most schools of feminist and multicultural counseling will consider all of the following aspects of a person's experience EXCEPT:
A) effect of gender.
B) effect of irrational emotion.
C) effect of culture.
D) effect of relationship.
Q3) Feminists maintain that humans are primarily ________________; the desire for ____________ is the primary motivating force.
A) focused on themselves; independence
B) autonomous; control
C) relational; connection
D) selfish; autonomy.
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Chapter 15: Introduction to Theoretical Integration
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Q1) Why might a counselor want to use integration?
Q2) All of the following are ways to conceptualize the philosophy of an approach EXCEPT:
A) its concept of truth and reality.
B) the nature of the counseling relationship.
C) the role of the counselor in the change process.
D) the cultural context from which the counselor comes.
Q3) Some counselors draw techniques from multiple approaches with more concern for identifying interventions likely to work for the client than concern for theoretical principles.This is referred to as _____________________________.
A) common factors
B) assimilative integration
C) systemic treatment selection
D) technical eclecticism
Q4) Discuss briefly each of the following: constructivism,social-constructivism,structuralism/postconstructuralism.
Q5) Discuss the difference between a theory and a philosophy.
Q6) Explain first-order and second-order cybernetics.
Q7) What qualities define good integration?
Page 18
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Chapter 16: Integrative Case Conceptualization
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Q1) In behavioral counseling,assessment focuses on observable symptoms.In order to measure a client's progress in therapy it is first necessary to get
A) a sense of relationship patterns
B) an assessment of defense mechanisms
C) a baseline of symptomatic behavior
D) one's road map for life
Q2) In family systemic conceptualization,which of the following is a stage of the family life cycle?
A) Intimacy vs. Isolation
B) Launching Children
C) Good Interpersonal Relationships
D) Latency
Q3) In the A-B-C Analysis of Irrational Beliefs,the A-B-C stands for which of the following?
A) A=Activating Event ? B=Behavior ? C=Commentary?
B) A= Activating Event ? B=Belief ? C=Consequence
C) A=Acceptance ? B=Behavior? C=Consequence
D) A= Acceptance ? B=Belief ? C=Commentary
Q4) List and describe three elements of a case conceptualization.
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