Clinical Laboratory Science Review
Questions
Course Introduction
Clinical Laboratory Science is an interdisciplinary field that focuses on the analysis of bodily fluids, tissues, and other specimens to aid in the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of diseases. This course covers the fundamental principles and techniques used in medical laboratories, including hematology, microbiology, clinical chemistry, immunology, and molecular diagnostics. Students will develop practical skills in specimen collection, laboratory instrumentation, quality control, and data interpretation, while also gaining an understanding of laboratory safety protocols and ethical considerations. Emphasis is placed on the critical role laboratory professionals play within the healthcare team, ensuring accurate and timely results to support patient care and medical decision-making.
Recommended Textbook
Linne Ringsruds Clinical Laboratory Science 7th Edition by Mary Louise Turgeon
Available Study Resources on Quizplus
17 Chapters
529 Verified Questions
529 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/study-set/2348
Page 2
Chapter 1: Fundamentals of the Clinical Laboratory
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
19 Verified Questions
19 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/46715
Sample Questions
Q1) Situational ethics is a system of judging acts:
A) by strict principles.
B) by categorical principles.
C) within a context.
D) by legal principles.
Answer: C
Q2) counts blood cells
A)hematology
B)clinical chemistry
C)immunohematology
D)immunology and serology
E)microbiology
Answer: A
Q3) ASCP
A)American Society for Clinical Laboratory Science
B)National Accrediting Agency for Clinical Laboratory Sciences
C)American Society of Clinical Pathologists
Answer: C
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 3
Chapter 2: Safety in the Clinical Laboratory
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
17 Verified Questions
17 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/46716
Sample Questions
Q1) Preemployment health profiles of students and laboratory staff should include immune status evaluation for ____ at a minimum.
A) hepatitis B
B) rubella
C) measles
D) all of the above
Answer: D
Q2) Which of the following legislative documents ensures that workers have safe and healthful working conditions?
A) Occupational Safety and Health Act
B) Hazard Communication Standard
C) Clinical Laboratory Improvement Act (CLIA)
D) Both a and b
Answer: D
Q3) The newest Patient Safety Goals with application to the laboratory includes:
A) improve accuracy of patient identification.
B) identify analytical errors by using quality control before releasing results.
C) decrease the laboratory turn-around time.
D) establish an exact protocol for testing outpatient specimens.
Answer: A
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 4
Chapter 3: Quality Assessment and Quality Control in the Clinical Laboratory
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
20 Verified Questions
20 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/46717
Sample Questions
Q1) ISO 15189 is based on:
A) ISO/IEC 17025.
B) ISO 9001.
C) CAP 15189.
D) both a and b.
Answer: D
Q2) Sensitivity is defined as the:
A) proportion of cases with a specific disease or condition that give a positive test result.
B) proportion of cases with absence of the specific disease or condition that gives a negative test result.
C) proportion of a population that has the disease.
D) number of patients with a normal test result who do not have the disease.
Answer: A
Q3) An example of a preanalytical error is:
A) specimen obtained from a wrong patient.
B) lack of frequent preventive maintenance.
C) reporting of laboratory results by phone.
D) poorly trained phlebotomists.
Answer: A
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 5
Chapter 4: Phlebotomy: Collecting and Processing Blood
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
18 Verified Questions
18 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/46718
Sample Questions
Q1) The anticoagulant of choice for blood cell counting and sizing is:
A) EDTA.
B) sodium citrate.
C) heparin.
D) sodium fluoride.
Q2) For a patient to be in a fasting state,he or she must abstain from food and liquids other than water for ____ hours.
A) 2 to 4
B) 4 to 8
C) 8 to 12
D) 12 to 24
Q3) Most mistakes in laboratory testing involve ____ errors.
A) preanalytical (pre-evaluation)
B) analytical (evaluation)
C) postanalytical (post-evaluation)
D) a combination of any of the above
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
6
Chapter 5: The Microscope
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
15 Verified Questions
15 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/46719
Sample Questions
Q1) The most common type of microscope illumination system used in the clinical laboratory is:
A) brightfield.
B) phase contrast.
C) polarizing.
D) fluorescent.
Q2) The definition of the microscopic working distance is the distance from the:
A) bottom of the objective to the material being studied.
B) ocular to the bottom of the objective.
C) ocular to the material being studied.
D) top of the objective to the material being studied.
Q3) The numerical aperture (NA)is:
A) an index of the resolving power of a lens.
B) the distance from an object being viewed to the lens.
C) inscribed on each objective lens.
D) both a and b.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 7
Chapter 6: Systems of Measurement, laboratory
Equipment, and Reagents
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
17 Verified Questions
17 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/46720
Sample Questions
Q1) What is the standard unit for the measurement of length in the metric system?
A) Meter
B) Gram
C) Liter
D) Feet
Q2) What is the standard unit of volume in the metric system?
A) Meter
B) Gram
C) Liter
D) Feet
Q3) The ____ balance is the most commonly used balance in a clinical laboratory.
A) mechanical analytical
B) electronic analytical
C) triple beam
D) None of the above are correct.
Q4) The purest grade of chemicals used in the preparation of reagents is ____ grade.
A) analytic (AR)
B) chemically pure (CP)
C) United States Pharmacopeia (USP) and National Formulary (NF)
D) technical or commercial
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 8
Chapter 7: Laboratory Mathematics and Solution Preparation
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
14 Verified Questions
14 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/46721
Sample Questions
Q1) What is the molarity of a solution containing 50 g of NaCl per liter?
A) 0.2M
B) 0.5M
C) 0.9M
D) 1.5M
Q2) specific gravity
A)the amount of matter per unit volume of a substance
B)relates the weight of 1 mL of a solution and the weight of 1 mL of pure water at 4°C (1 g)
Q3) In rounding off numbers:
A) when the digit next to the last one to be retained is less than 5, the last digit should be left unchanged.
B) when the digit next to the last one to be retained is greater than 5, the last digit is increased by 1.
C) if the additional digit is 5, the last digit reported is changed to the nearest even number.
D) follow all of the above.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
9
Chapter 8: Basic and New Techniques in the Clinical Laboratory
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
37 Verified Questions
37 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/46722
Sample Questions
Q1) 380-440
A)not visible (infrared light)
B)red
C)orange
D)yellow
E)green
F)blue
G)violet
H)not visible (ultraviolet light)
Q2) One criterion for a good standard curve is that the line is straight.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Immunoassays depend on:
A) antigen solubility.
B) antibody complexity.
C) antigen-antibody reactions.
D) antibody solubility.
Q4) Quality control tests for spectrophotometers consist of checking nonlinearity.
A)True
B)False
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 10
Chapter 9: Delivery of Laboratory Testing From Point of
Care to Total Automation
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
26 Verified Questions
26 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/46723
Sample Questions
Q1) Systems for automated or semiautomated urinalysis chemical testing systems use:
A) visual reading.
B) reflectance photometers.
C) flow-cell analysis.
D) any of the above.
Q2) Fecal occult blood testing tests for:
A) whole blood in the stool.
B) hemoglobin in fecal specimens.
C) presence of inflammation causing bleeding.
D) presence of infection.
Q3) Handheld automated equipment has been developed for many applications,including blood coagulation and blood gases.Other measurements include:
A) electrolytes
B) urea
C) glucose
D) all of the above
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
11
Chapter 10: Introduction to Clinical Chemistry
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
35 Verified Questions
35 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/46724
Sample Questions
Q1) The primary form of nonprotein nitrogen in the blood is:
A) urea.
B) creatinine.
C) cystatin C.
D) creatine.
Q2) Hypoglycemia is not a consequence of:
A) insulinoma.
B) islet cell hyperplasia.
C) insulin resistance.
D) glycogen storage disease.
Q3) respiratory acidosis
A)decreased plasma bicarbonate
B)excess elimination of acid
C)acid-rich fluids are lost
D)decreased elimination of CO
Q4) Which of the following is the least utilized role of a tumor marker?
A) Cancer screening
B) Cancer diagnosis
C) Monitoring of patients for a recurrence of cancer
D) Determination of the extent of tumor burden
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 12
Chapter 11: Principles and Practice of Clinical Hematology
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
80 Verified Questions
80 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/46725
Sample Questions
Q1) Auer rods
A)composed of lysosomal materials and fused primary granules
B)associated with acute bacterial infections
C)pale blue inclusions associated with burns
Q2) overstaining,inadequate washing,or using too thick a film
A)if the pH of the staining system is too alkaline, the parts of the cells taking up basic dye will be overstained, giving an overall blue effect, with very dark blue to black nuclear chromatin and bluish RBCs
B)parts of the cell taking up acidic dye will be overstained and will appear too red, while the parts of the cells taking up basic dye will appear pale
C)an excessively blue appearance on gross examination
D)improper washing (not washing enough to remove the metallic scum)
Q3) The erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)is used:
A) to track tissue healing after a myocardial infarction (heart attack).
B) as a nonspecific index of inflammatory activity.
C) to diagnose anemias.
D) Both a and b are correct.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 13
Chapter 12: Introduction to Hemostasis
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
26 Verified Questions
26 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/46726
Sample Questions
Q1) Most patients on warfarin therapy should maintain an international normalized ratio (INR)of approximately ____ times of a normal value.
A) 0.5-1.5
B) 1-2
C) 2-3
D) 3-4
Q2) factor I
A)prothrombin
B)hemophilia B
C)von Willebrand's factor
D)fibrinogen
Q3) The final result of primary hemostasis is:
A) platelet plug.
B) constriction of a blood vessel.
C) a blood clot.
D) promotion of bleeding to cleanse a wound.
Q4) A function or activity of platelets is to contain PF3 on or within the plasma membrane of the platelets.
A)True
B)False
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 14
Chapter 13: Renal Physiology and Urinalysis
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
58 Verified Questions
58 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/46727
Sample Questions
Q1) The normal pH of freshly voided urine is:
A) 4 or 5.
B) 5 or 6.
C) 6 or 7.
D) 7 or 8.
Q2) Upon standing,RBCs either swell or become crenated.
A)True
B)False
Q3) in the reaction to detect blood in the urine,microbial peroxidase activity associated with urinary tract infection can produce
A)false positive
B)false negative
Q4) calcium oxalate
A)found in acid urine
B)envelope-shaped, glistening and colorless
C)coffin lids
D)colorless slender needles that are strongly birefringent with polarized light
E)yellow or reddish-brown shapes (e.g., lemon- or barrel-shaped forms)
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
15
Chapter 14: Examination of Body Fluids and Miscellaneous Specimens
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
12 Verified Questions
12 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/46728
Sample Questions
Q1) Seminal fluid may be examined for:
A) infertility studies.
B) postvasectomy assessment.
C) evaluation of probable sexual assault.
D) all of the above.
Q2) Serous fluid for laboratory examination should be collected in:
A) a sterile container.
B) an EDTA tube for cell counts.
C) an aseptic environment.
D) all of the above.
Q3) Serous fluids:
A) have a composition that is unlike serum.
B) are contained within the closed cavities of the body.
C) are ultrafiltrates of plasma.
D) Both a and b are correct.
Q4) A macroscopically turbid cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)may indicate:
A) blood clots.
B) increased white blood cell count.
C) presence of hemorrhage.
D) viral infection.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 16
Chapter 15: Introduction to Microbiology
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
70 Verified Questions
70 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/46729
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is the "cold" method for staining acid-fast bacteria?
A) Ziehl-Neelsen
B) Kinyoun
C) Fluorochrome
D) All of the above
Q2) Which of the following is done to identify Streptococcus pneumoniae?
A) Ethylhydrocupreine hydrochloride
B) Optochin
C) Bile solubility
D) Desoxycholate
Q3) What is the color of gram-negative bacterial cells after the decolorization step?
A) Purple/blue
B) Red/pink
C) Iodine yellow
D) Colorless
Q4) Interpret the following Gram stain of urethral discharge from a male: Many polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs)
Few gram-negative intracellular diplococci
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
17
Chapter 16: Immunology and Serology
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
45 Verified Questions
45 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/46730
Sample Questions
Q1) A typical antibody response takes about ____ to develop sufficiently.
A) 24 hours
B) 72 hours
C) 1 week
D) 2 weeks
Q2) A type I hypersensitivity reaction in sensitive persons is associated with agents such as:
A) peanuts.
B) poison ivy.
C) yellow hornet insect stings.
D) both a and c.
Q3) The antinuclear antibody (ANA)assay is specific for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).
A)True
B)False
Q4) Another name for innate immunity is ____ immunity.
A) natural
B) inborn
C) acquired
D) both natural and inborn
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 18
Chapter 17: Immunohematology and Transfusion Medicine
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
20 Verified Questions
20 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/46731
Sample Questions
Q1) Fresh frozen plasma
A)Best used when oxygen-carrying capacity is needed
B)Rarely used but can meet a patient's need for volume replacement, oxygen-carrying capacity, and heat-labile coagulation factors
C)Used to treat multiple coagulation deficiencies
D)Used to treat hemophilia
Q2) The presence of A,B,and H antigenic material in body secretions is regulated by:
A) precursor of A and B RBC antigens.
B) H gene.
C) Se gene.
D) A and B genes.
Q3) Rh antibodies belong to the ____ subclass of antibodies.
A) IgM
B) IgG
C) IgD
D) IgE
Q4) The proper temperature and duration of incubation are not critical to antigen-antibody reactions.
A)True
B)False
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 19