Clinical Inquiry and Evidence-Based Practice
Pre-Test Questions
Course Introduction
This course introduces students to the principles and processes of clinical inquiry and evidence-based practice in healthcare. Students will explore strategies for formulating clinical questions, conducting literature searches, and critically appraising research evidence to inform decision-making and improve patient outcomes. Emphasis is placed on integrating current best evidence with clinical expertise and patient preferences, as well as understanding barriers and facilitators to evidence implementation in clinical settings. By the end of the course, students will be equipped with practical skills to evaluate and apply research findings in their professional practice, promoting a culture of inquiry and continuous improvement in healthcare delivery.
Recommended Textbook
Understanding Nursing Research Building an Evidence Based Practice 6th Edition by Grove
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488 Verified Questions
488 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: Introduction to Nursing Research and Evidence-Based Practice
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27 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The development of nursing theories and conceptual models in the late 1960s and 1970s served to:
A) determine the effectiveness of nursing interventions.
B) establish the concept of evidence-based practice.
C) provide funding for nursing research.
D) provide direction for nursing research.
Answer: D
Q2) Which best describes evidence-based-practice (EBP)?
A) A combination of best research evidence, clinical expertise, and the needs and values of patients.
B) A determination of the factors necessary to control patient responses to care.
C) The development of population care guidelines applicable to all patients.
D) The utilization of quantitative and qualitative studies to enhance patient outcomes.
Answer: A
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Chapter 2: Introduction to the Quantitative Research
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40 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) When a researcher describes an instrument as being valid this indicates that the instrument:
A) accurately measures a variable.
B) consistently measures variables across studies.
C) has been described as high quality by other researchers.
D) has been routinely used in other, similar studies.
Answer: A
Q2) In a study about concussion recovery in high school football players,which statement would be part of the introduction?
A) "The Functional Independence Measure was used to measure postconcussion symptoms."
B) "The purpose of this study was to determine average length of recovery time after a first concussion."
C) "The results of this study showed an average recovery time of 6 weeks among football players."
D) "The study included a convenience sample of high school football players in a five-county area."
Answer: B
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4
Chapter 3: Introduction to the Qualitative Research
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Sample Questions
Q1) While reviewing transcripts of interviews conducted for a qualitative study,the researcher appraises the data for congruence with the philosophical perspective of the study.This is an example of:
A) perspective.
B) reliability.
C) rigor.
D) validity.
Answer: C
Q2) Which is an example of an etic approach in an ethnographic study?
A) A longitudinal study examining individual immigrants' attitudes about health care
B) A study about African tribal women and their feelings about HIV prevention
C) A study comparing various ethnic groups' folk health practices
D) A study of differences between BSN- and AND-prepared nurses' attitudes about health care
Answer: C
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Chapter 4: Examining Ethics in Nursing Research
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Sample Questions
Q1) If a health care provider discloses information about a patient to a researcher for a study,the provider and the researcher must have a(n):
A) agreement about the study's purpose.
B) data use agreement.
C) limited data set.
D) written study proposal.
Q2) A researcher will have greater success gaining approval for a research study involving pregnant women if which provision is put into place?
A) Care is taken to maintain strict confidentiality of subjects.
B) Consent is given by the pregnant women's significant others.
C) Subjects may experience therapeutic effects from the intervention.
D) Subjects receive financial rewards for participation in the study.
Q3) Which ethical principle protects human subjects from harm?
A) Beneficence
B) Ethics
C) Justice
D) Respect for persons
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6
Chapter 5: Research Problems,Purposes,and Hypotheses
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Sample Questions
Q1) An examination of the researcher's plan for using measurement tools to examine relationships among variables helps determine the:
A) research hypothesis.
B) research objectives.
C) study feasibility.
D) study purpose.
Q2) Which component of a research study is exemplified in the statement,"This study identifies various themes associated with parenting children who have chronic disease?"
A) Aim or objective
B) Hypothesis
C) Research methodology
D) Research problem
Q3) A statement about the significance of a study describes the:
A) influence of results on nursing practice.
B) relationship among study variables.
C) study design and methods.
D) validity of the study measurement tools.
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Chapter 6: Understanding and Critically Appraising the Literature Review
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Sample Questions
Q1) Some studies cited in a literature review may be decades old.The researcher may decide to use studies from this far back because these studies:
A) are groundbreaking or landmark studies.
B) are particularly well-written studies.
C) are peer-reviewed, relevant studies.
D) are still considered current studies.
Q2) What is the purpose of a limited research review?
A) To allow the reader to become familiar with the research problem
B) To develop an initial pilot study prior to a more in-depth study
C) To direct the planning and execution of a study
D) To identify studies published after a study is performed
Q3) Which type of study is least likely to include a review of the literature prior to initiating the study?
A) Grounded theory
B) Phenomenological
C) Qualitative
D) Quantitative
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Page 8
Chapter 7: Understanding Theory and Research
Frameworks
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse researcher plans to evaluate self-care and its effects on disease prevention.The nurse identifies various health promotion activities-such as proper diet,exercise,and hours of sleep per night-as components of self-care.In this example,"effects of self-care on disease prevention" is a:
A) concept.
B) construct.
C) theory.
D) variable.
Q2) A researcher discusses how endorphins released during aerobic exercise cause a heightened sense of well-being in subjects.This discussion is a:
A) conceptual definition.
B) operational definition.
C) relational statement.
D) theoretical framework.
Q3) Which nursing theorist developed a grand nursing theory?
A) Brennaman
B) Orem
C) Pender
D) Swanson
Page 9
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Chapter 8: Clarifying Quantitative Research Designs
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Sample Questions
Q1) A researcher reviews demographic characteristics of potential study subjects,such as age and gender,to determine whether these characteristics may influence the outcome of the study.This is done to help ensure:
A) construct validity.
B) external validity.
C) internal validity.
D) statistical conclusion validity.
Q2) Multiple replications of an initial study conducted in different populations produce findings that do not match those in the initial study.The initial study may lack which type of validity?
A) Construct validity
B) External validity
C) Internal validity
D) Statistical conclusion validity
Q3) Which statement is true about a descriptive study design?
A) It is not possible to operationally define variables in this type of study.
B) Sample selection and size cannot be controlled in descriptive studies.
C) This type of design is used to identify problems occurring in practice.
D) Variables may be manipulated to avoid bias in this type of study.
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Chapter 9: Examining Populations and Samples in Research
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Sample Questions
Q1) A researcher uses a sample whose members have characteristics similar to those of the population from which it is drawn.This is an example of a:
A) cluster sample.
B) purposive sample.
C) random sample.
D) representative sample.
Q2) A researcher wishes to conduct a study to determine the effects of an intervention on high school students.In this study,high school students represent the:
A) accessible population.
B) elements of the population
C) sample population
D) target population.
Q3) Which type of setting is most commonly used in qualitative research?
A) Controlled
B) Multiple
C) Natural
D) Partially controlled
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Page 11
Chapter 10: Clarifying Measurement and Data Collection in Quantitative Research
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Sample Questions
Q1) A researcher tests a measurement tool's validity by administering it to a group of subjects who don't have health insurance and a group who have health insurance to examine attitudes about access to health care.The researcher is looking for evidence of validity from:
A) contrasting groups.
B) convergence.
C) divergence.
D) readability.
Q2) A researcher reviews study data about head circumference in newborns and notes that study personnel are measuring from the end of the measuring tape and not from the zero point,which is 1 cm from the end.This is an example of which type of measurement error?
A) Indirect
B) Random
C) Reliability
D) Systematic
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Chapter 11: Understanding Statistics in Research
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Sample Questions
Q1) A researcher wishes to present data identifying pain scores for a group of subjects using a grouped frequency distribution table.Which is true about using this method?
A) Each group must have equivalent ranges in scores.
B) Ranges may overlap from one group to the next.
C) Some data may not fit into any group.
D) There should be no more than five groups of scores.
Q2) A researcher collects scores measuring weight among school-age children who are in an obesity prevention program and notes that several students are morbidly obese with the majority of students falling within or below the 85th percentile for weight.The scores from the morbidly obese children will affect which measure of central tendency the most?
A) Mean
B) Median
C) Mode
D) All of the above are affected equally.
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Chapter 12: Critical Appraisal of Quantitative and Qualitative Research for Nursing Practice
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36 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is important to assess when critically appraising a literature review?
A) If previous studies support the research problem
B) If textbooks are included in the reference list
C) What sources are used to provide study funding
D) Whether relevant studies are discussed
Q2) A reviewer performs a critical appraisal of a study and notes that the researcher conducted a previous pilot study.The reviewer will:
A) discount any findings not congruent with the pilot study.
B) ensure that the larger study and pilot study used identical data collection methods.
C) ignore the findings of the pilot study because they are not relevant to this study.
D) note whether the pilot study findings were used to design the current study.
Q3) In a critical appraisal,a reviewer conducts an audit of the transcripts of interviews and determines that the author's conclusions are correct.This is an example of:
A) confirmability.
B) credibility.
C) dependability.
D) trustworthiness.
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Page 14
Chapter 13: Building an Evidence-Based Nursing Practice
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Sample Questions
Q1) When using the Stetler Model of research utilization,the nurse researcher reviews the risks,resources,and readiness of staff associated with making changes in practice based on evidence.Which part of the model is this?
A) Phase I: Preparation
B) Phase II: Validation
C) Phase III: Comparative Evaluation
D) Phase IV: Translation/Application
Q2) Which method will a researcher use to evaluate a group of qualitative studies?
A) Meta-analysis
B) Meta-synthesis
C) Mixed-methods systematic review
D) Systematic review
Q3) Which standards were developed to help nursing students develop the skills,knowledge,and attitudes needed to continuously improve quality and safety?
A) EBP
B) IRB
C) QSEN
D) Magnet
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15
Chapter 14: Outcomes Research
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Sample Questions
Q1) What type of sample is generally used in outcomes studies?
A) Small sample
B) Heterogeneous sample
C) Homogeneous sample
D) Volunteer sample
Q2) In outcomes research,a Magnet-designated hospital is an example of which type of variable?
A) Dependent
B) Intervention
C) Outcome
D) Structural
Q3) What is the role of evidence-based practice in outcomes research?
A) Evidence-based practice identifies practice standards that can be evaluated using patient outcomes.
B) Evidence-based practice defines practice styles and patterns used in professional practice.
C) The standards used in evidence-based practice clearly identify desired patient outcomes.
D) There is a clear link between evidence-based practice and improved patient outcomes.
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