Clinical Health Psychology
Pre-Test Questions
Course Introduction
Clinical Health Psychology explores the application of psychological principles and methods to improve physical health and address the psychological factors related to illness and medical treatment. The course examines the biopsychosocial model of health, emphasizing the interaction between biological, behavioral, and social factors in the development and management of health conditions. Students will study topics such as stress and coping, health behavior change, patient-provider communication, chronic illness management, and psychological interventions for pain, adherence, and lifestyle modification. Through theoretical perspectives and evidence-based practices, the course prepares students to understand and contribute to the promotion of health and well-being in diverse clinical settings.
Recommended Textbook
Health Psychology 9th Edition by Shelley E Taylor
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Chapter 1: What Is Health Psychology
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Q1) Which of the following best defines health psychology?
A)Using psychological theories and principles to tackle problems in the areas of mental health, education, product design, ergonomics, and law
B)Understanding the psychological influences on how people stay healthy, why they become ill, and how they respond when they get ill
C)Applying the principles of biology in order to study the anatomy of a human being
D)Diagnosing, preventing, and treating a disease without including the option of surgery
Answer: B
Q2) Which of the following is made available to people with hypertension so that they can monitor their blood pressure successfully?
A)Ventricular assist device
B)Ambulatory monitoring device
C)IAP monitoring device
D)Implanted neural device
Answer: B
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Chapter 2: The Systems of the Body
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Q1) _____ occurs when a clot has developed in a coronary vessel, and blocks the flow of blood to the heart.
A)Myocardial infarction
B)Angina pectoris
C)Ischemia
D)Glioblastoma
Answer: A
Q2) A critical function of the pancreas is the production of _____.
A)leptin
B)insulin
C)pepsin
D)oxytocin
Answer: B
Q3) Some women usually choose to undergo _____ therapy to deal with the noxious symptoms that occur during menopause.
A)aversion
B)hormone
C)meso
D)gene
Answer: B
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Chapter 3: Health Behaviors
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Q1) Studies evaluating the effectiveness of the transtheoretical model of behavior change indicate that:
A)interventions matched to the particular stage that an individual is in are always successful.
B)interventions to bridge the gap between the preparation and action stages are inadequate.
C)the model's stages are inadequate in analyzing the processes that people go through.
D)the model's applications have shown mixed success.
Answer: D
Q2) Classical conditioning is the pairing of a(n) _____ with a new stimulus to produce a conditioned reflex.
A)conditioned stimulus
B)unconditioned response
C)unconditioned reflex
D)conditioned response
Answer: C
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Chapter 4: Health-Promoting Behaviors
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Q1) During rapid eye movement (REM) sleep the eyes dart back and forth, and breathing and heart rate flutters.This stage of sleep is marked by _____.
A)K-complex waves
B)delta waves
C)theta waves
D)beta waves
Q2) Participating in enjoyable leisure time activities such as socializing, or spending time in nature is related to:
A)reduced physical functioning.
B)increased blood pressure.
C)lower levels of cortisol.
D)higher risk of weight gain.
Q3) Screening through mammography is important for older and high-risk women because:
A)early detection can improve survival rates.
B)one in every five women develops breast cancer.
C)compliance with mammography recommendations is high.
D)the use of mammograms improves with age.
Q4) Explain the physical and psychological benefits of exercise.
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Chapter 5: Health-Compromising Behaviors
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Q1) Late-onset problem drinkers are:
A)less likely to control their drinking on their own.
B)less likely to be successfully treated.
C)more likely to control their drinking on their own.
D)more likely to use alcohol as a coping method for managing stress.
Q2) Fat should ideally constitute about _____ percent of body tissue in women.
A)30-37
B)6-13
C)15-22
D)20-27
Q3) Which of the following components, if included, can produce up to a 40% treatment success rate for alcoholism?
A)Excluding relatives and employers from the treatment process
B)Increasing the length of participation
C)Avoiding environmental factors that may elicit drinking behavior
D)Instilling coping skills to manage environmental pressures
Q4) Multimodal programs include training in eliciting effective support from families, friends, and coworkers.
A)True
B)False
Page 7
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Chapter 6: Stress
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Q1) Chronic strain is strongly related to depression.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The correct order of the pathways by which stress affects health is _____.
A)health care, psychosocial resources, health behaviors, and physiology
B)psychosocial resources, health behaviors, physiology, and health care
C)health behaviors, physiology, health care, and psychosocial resources
D)physiology, health behaviors, psychosocial resources, and health care
Q3) Explain how the sympathetic-adrenomedullary (SAM) and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) axis are implicated in the physiological response to stress.
Q4) The first phase of the general adaptation syndrome is _____.
A)appraisal
B)exhaustion
C)resistance
D)alarm
Q5) A relationship between discrimination and poor health has been found for _____.
A)Caucasian women
B)happily-married women
C)Asian adults and children
D)African American men and women
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Chapter 7: Coping, Resilience, and Social Support
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Q1) Coping is known to have two important aspects.Which of the following is the second important aspect of coping?
A)Impact of psychological control
B)Use of stress moderators
C)Dynamism of stressful events
D)Breadth of emotional reactions
Q2) Studies have found that social support has beneficial effects on the _____ system.
A)lymphatic
B)muscular
C)integumentary
D)endocrine
Q3) _____ helps people to set specific goals, establish priorities, and learn what to ignore.
A)Self-instruction
B)Emotional support
C)Time management
D)Tangible assistance
Q4) Explain the Combat Stress Now (CSN) program, and cite a few advantages of using this program.
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Chapter 8: Using Health Services
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Q1) Robert noticed that his urine was pale pink.His first thought was about what he had eaten the previous day, and then it occurred to him that it may also be due to something unrelated to his diet.Robert's case exemplifies _____ delay.
A)illness
B)appraisal
C)behavioral
D)medical
Q2) Describe the four stages of delay behavior.What are the likely causes of delay?
Q3) Women are known to have better homeostatic mechanisms than men because: A)men are more sensitive to bodily disruptions.
B)women are oblivious to new smells.
C)men experience temperature changes more rapidly.
D)women report pain earlier.
Q4) Accelerated heartbeat and fatigue are typical physiological changes related to
A)stress
B)mood
C)situational factors
D)attentional differences
Q5) Briefly explain the categories of people who use health services.
Page 10
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Chapter 9: Patients, Providers, and Treatments
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Q1) _____ patients usually present an exaggerated picture of their symptoms.
A)Geriatric
B)Neurotic
C)Low-risk
D)Rising-risk
Q2) Acupuncture usually triggers the release of _____.
A)oxytocin
B)dopamine
C)endorphins
D)ghrelin
Q3) Health care providers frequently resort to baby talk because:
A)they realize that patients are ill and are not in the right frame of mind to interact as adults.
B)they often underestimate their patients' level of understanding about an illness.
C)they assume that all their patients are completely unaware of medical terms.
D)they are trained to use baby talk with children who come for treatment.
Q4) Briefly explain patients' contributions to faulty communication.
Q5) List reasons why the health care practitioner can be an effective agent of behavior change.
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Chapter 9: Extension: Patients, Providers, and Treatments
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Q1) The first line of authority in a private hospital which is based on technical skill and expertise is the _____.
A)paramedical line
B)medical line
C)administrative line
D)behavioral care line
Q2) Which of the following is the least used complementary and alternative medicine therapy among U.S.adults?
A)Natural products
B)Chiropractic
C)Guided imagery
D)Yoga
Q3) In 2007, it was found that _____ is the sixth biggest cause of death in the United States.
A)hospital infection
B)common cold
C)trachea
D)urticaria
Q4) Briefly explain patients' contributions to faulty communication.
Q5) Explain the placebo as a methodological tool.
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Chapter 10: The Management of Pain and Discomfort
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Q1) Patients with chronic pain disorders:
A)always present clear tissue damage.
B)are characterized by the deactivation of nociceptors in the peripheral nerves.
C)show significant loss of gray matter in the prefrontal, cingular, and insular cortex.
D)always present psychological profiles which are identical to patients with acute pain.
Q2) Cancer and rheumatoid arthritis are degenerative disorders that are typically associated with _____.
A)recurrent acute pain
B)chronic benign pain
C)chronic progressive pain
D)acute pain
Q3) _____ is a functional pain disorder in which there is no clear tissue damage present.
A)Polymyositis
B)Fibromyalgia
C)Hematoma
D)Tumefaction
Q4) Explain biofeedback and relaxation techniques for pain management.
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Chapter 11: Management of Chronic Illness
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Q1) Which of the following is a goal of physical rehabilitation?
A)To learn the ways of controlling energy expenditure
B)To learn how to deviate from the treatment regimen
C)To learn new social management skills
D)To learn how to use one's mind as much as possible
Q2) Succeeding through vocational and avocational activities is also an important source of self-esteem and the self-concept.Which self-evaluation aspect of the self-concept explains this?
A)Private self
B)Social self
C)Physical self
D)Achieving self
Q3) Eric works with people with diabetes.He helps them learn to control their caloric intake and the types of foods they eat.He is a(n) _____.
A)massage therapist
B)occupational therapist
C)physical therapist
D)dietitian
Q4) How are patients' beliefs about chronic illness related to adjustment?
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Chapter 12: Psychological Issues in Advancing and Terminal Illness
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Q1) Those who study death and dying are called _____.
A)grief assistants
B)thanatologists
C)geriatricians
D)epidemiologists
Q2) Poor adjustment for parents of children who have died from SIDS is associated with:
A)maternal smoking.
B)self-blame.
C)socioeconomic status.
D)acute illness.
Q3) In the age group of 15 to 24, the homicide rate among black males is nearly _____ times that of young white males.
A)three
B)six
C)seven
D)nine
Q4) Physician-assisted dying is legal in all fifty states.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 13: Heart Disease, Hypertension, Stroke, and Type Ii
Diabetes
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Q1) People who are high in cynical hostility generally have a high level of social support.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Individuals who are high in hostility:
A)have chronically lower blood pressure.
B)show lower heart rate reactivity to laboratory stressors.
C)show exaggerated cardiovascular reactivity.
D)show strong antagonistic responses to sympathetic activities.
Q3) According to studies of recovery from coronary heart disease, social support is:
A)most effective when it is provided by the spouse rather than a confidante.
B)increasingly ineffective over time as the patients recover from their illness.
C)a problem for some patients if not given in a careful way.
D)most effectively used by people high in cynical hostility.
Q4) Which of the following is true of heart diseases in women?
A)They are less likely to die from a first heart attack than men.
B)They experience an increased risk of cardiovascular disease after menopause.
C)They develop CHD on the average about 15 years earlier than do men.
D)They are protected at young ages against CHD due to their lower levels of HDL cholesterol.
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Chapter 14: Psychoneuroimmunology and Immune-Related Disorders
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Q1) HIV is transmitted by _____ a person suffering from AIDS.
A)touching
B)sharing needles with C)breathing the air near D)being near
Q2) Which of the following best defines autoimmune diseases?
A)Diseases in which the immune system is not able to produce antibodies
B)Diseases in which the immune cells' attacks do not affect the foreign agent
C)Diseases in which the immune system fails to recognize the foreign agents that have entered the body
D)Diseases in which the immune system attacks the body's own tissues, falsely identifying them as invaders
Q3) The most promising development in the treatment of AIDS is:
A)an HIV vaccine.
B)AZT.
C)HAART.
D)DDI.
Q4) Explain how stress is related to immune functioning and how the immune system responds to stress.
Q5) How do psychosocial factors influence the initiation and course of cancer?
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Chapter 15: Health Psychology: Challenges for the Future
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Q1) Behavioral immunization programs can be effectively used in health promotion among children.Justify the statement with examples.
Q2) _____ have an important role to play in addressing thorny issues such as assisted suicide, living will, and the patient's right to die.
A)Clinical psychologists
B)Therapists
C)Health psychologists
D)Psychiatrists
Q3) _____ medicine is the conscientious, explicit, judicious use of the best scientific proof for making decisions about the care of individual patients.
A)Treatment effective
B)Cost-contained
C)Cost effective
D)Evidence-based
Q4) Discuss the path to becoming a health psychologist.How can undergraduate, graduate, and postgraduate work contribute towards gaining employment?
Q5) Explain comprehensive intervention models with examples.
Q6) What is the impact of technology on changing medical practices?
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