Clinical Health Psychology Exam Review
Course Introduction
Clinical Health Psychology explores the intersection of psychological principles and physical health, emphasizing how behavior, emotions, and cognition contribute to overall wellbeing and influence the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of medical conditions. This course covers topics such as stress management, coping with chronic illness, health behavior change, and the psychological factors affecting pain, recovery, and adherence to medical advice. Students will gain an understanding of evidence-based interventions used by clinical health psychologists to promote healthy lifestyles, improve quality of life for patients, and collaborate with healthcare professionals in multidisciplinary medical settings.
Recommended Textbook Health Psychology 8th Edition by Shelley E.
Taylor
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15 Chapters
879 Verified Questions
879 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: What Is Health Psychology
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Sample Questions
Q1) Some prehistoric cultures practiced a procedure that involved drilling a small hole in the skull to allow evil spirits to leave the body.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) The _______________ approach can remedy some of the problems with correlational research.
A) prospective
B) cross-sectional
C) single subject
D) case study
Answer: A
Q3) The notion that cancer can be cured simply by excising a tumor most closely resembles the
A) biomedical model.
B) biopsychosocial model.
C) psychosomatic model.
D) pathological model.
Answer: A
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Page 3
Chapter 2: The Systems of the Body
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Sample Questions
Q1) Acupuncture may trigger the release of endorphins,thus reducing the experience of pain.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) The affective and motivational aspect of pain seems to be determined primarily by A) A-delta fibers.
B) C-fibers.
C) endorphins.
D) the cerebral cortex.
Answer: B
Q3) Stronger placebo effects have been observed in patients who are high in A) need for approval. B) self-esteem.
C) internal orientation.
D) All of these are correct.
Answer: A
Q4) Describe the design and implementation of pain management programs. Answer: Answers will vary
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Chapter 3: Health Behaviors
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Sample Questions
Q1) High levels of anxiety have been found among patients who are
A) anticipating noxious therapies.
B) expecting substantial lifestyle changes to result from illness or treatment.
C) lacking information about their illness and treatment.
D) All of these are true.
Answer: D
Q2) James works with cancer patients at County General Hospital.His particular specialty is in enabling the newly diagnosed cancer patient to understand the illness and its treatment and to negotiate the difficult emotional and social identity issues associated with the illness.John is a
A) medical social worker.
B) medical psychologist.
C) health psychologist.
D) occupational therapist.
Answer: A
Q3) At any one time,50 percent of the population has some chronic condition that requires medical treatment.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Chapter 4: Health-Promoting Behaviors
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Sample Questions
Q1) The correct order of Kübler-Ross's stages of adjustment to dying is
A) depression, anger, bargaining, denial, acceptance.
B) denial, anger, bargaining, acceptance, depression.
C) denial, bargaining, anger, depression, acceptance.
D) denial, anger, bargaining, depression, acceptance.
Q2) The major cause of death in youths aged 15 to 24 is unintentional injury.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Palliative care involves
A) final attempts to cure the terminally ill patient.
B) life-prolonging interventions such as placing the patient on a respirator.
C) ending the life of a patient who is suffering from a painful terminal illness.
D) custodial work designed to make the patient feel comfortable.
Q4) A living will outlines
A) a patient's wishes to undergo euthanasia.
B) a patient's request that extraordinary life-sustaining procedures not be used.
C) the conditions under which a patient requests to remain alive.
D) the disposition of one's belongings after death.
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Page 6
Chapter 5: Health-Compromising Behaviors
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Sample Questions
Q1) Depression may be a risk factor for CHD due to its relationship with A) C-reactive protein.
B) the metabolic syndrome.
C) Both choices are correct.
D) Neither choice is correct.
Q2) The role of stress in the development and exacerbation of hypertension
A) is the same for people at risk for hypertension and those who are not at risk.
B) does not change as hypertension progresses.
C) may be different for people at risk for hypertension.
D) has not been studied enough to determine what the role is.
Q3) Which of the following is NOT one of the risk factors for coronary heart disease?
A) hypertension
B) high serum cholesterol
C) cigarette smoking
D) alcohol consumption
Q4) Depression often is a complication of diabetes.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 6: Stress
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Sample Questions
Q1) Type I (insulin-dependent)diabetes
A) develops relatively late in life (after age 40).
B) accounts for 90 percent of all diabetics.
C) is characterized by an abrupt onset of symptoms.
D) usually is inherited.
Q2) Cognitive-behavioral interventions program that work with other populations may not work as well with IV drug users because
A) their peer group has too much influence.
B) they may lack good impulse control.
C) methadone programs don't work with them.
D) needle exchange programs are ineffective.
Q3) The tendency to seek social support and the perception that one had good emotional support were associated with _______________ suggesting buffering of stress responses.
A) low NK cell activity
B) high NK cell activity
C) increases in lymphocyte responses
D) All of these.
Q4) Explain how stress is related to immune functioning.Exactly how does the immune system respond to stress?
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Chapter 7: Coping,resilience,and Social Support
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Sample Questions
Q1) Changes in society,technology,and microorganisms are leading to
A) the emergence of new diseases.
B) the reemergence of diseases that once were successfully controlled.
C) problems with drug-resistant strains of once successfully controlled disorders.
D) All of these.
Q2) Comprehensive intervention models
A) concentrate and coordinate medical and psychological expertise.
B) have yet to be developed for chronic diseases.
C) have proven to be less expensive than other models and remarkably cost effective.
D) All of these.
Q3) The use of new technologies in medical care may be frightening for some people.According to your text,a health psychologist can assist these patients and their families by
A) testifying before government committees on the hazards of technology.
B) teaching control-enhancing techniques to help reduce fear.
C) advising the patient's physician on ethical issues.
D) A health psychologist has no useful role in this situation.
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9
Chapter 8: Using Health Services
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Sample Questions
Q1) Describe and discuss the two most common disorders of the nervous system.
Q2) Secretion of catecholamines
A) increases protein and fat mobilization.
B) regulates sodium retention.
C) increases heart rate and blood pressure.
D) All of these.
Q3) Hypertension is caused by
A) high cardiac output.
B) highly viscous blood.
C) loss of elasticity of the arterial walls.
D) All of these.
Q4) The _______________ carry blood from the heart to oxygenate organs and other tissues.
A) arteries
B) veins
C) capillaries
D) All of these.
Q5) Describe the nature and symptoms of hepatitis.Compare and contrast Hepatitis A and Hepatitis B,including discussion of the cause and mode of transmission.
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Chapter 9: Patients, providers, and Treatments
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Sample Questions
Q1) Behavior change produced by self-monitoring typically is A) short-lived.
B) long-lasting.
C) the only change necessary.
D) a product of modeling.
Q2) The use of positive reinforcers,e.g.,money or new clothing,for weight loss in the treatment of obesity is an example of
A) shaping.
B) modeling.
C) operant conditioning.
D) classical conditioning.
Q3) Research suggests that most people's perceptions of their own health risks are A) unrealistically optimistic.
B) unrealistically pessimistic.
C) insensitive to feedback.
D) generally accurate.
Q4) Individuals often do not perceive their at-risk status accurately and appropriately.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 10: The Management of Pain and Discomfort
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Sample Questions
Q1) Recent epidemiological evidence suggests that fat in the _______________ is an especially potent risk factor for disease.
A) abdomen
B) hips and buttocks
C) abdomen, hips, and buttocks
D) None of these.
Q2) As few as _______________ nights in a row of poor sleep can impair metabolic and hormonal function.
A) six
B) seven
C) eight
D) nine
Q3) Which of the following is important for weight-loss programs?
A) Slow eating.
B) Exercise.
C) Self-monitoring.
D) All of these.
Q4) Low-income women are likely to receive regular mammograms.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 11: Management of Chronic Illness
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Sample Questions
Q1) Identify and describe the biological,psychological,and sociocultural factors implicated in alcohol abuse.
Q2) Social engineering may be more effective than behavioral treatments in attacking the problem of alcoholism because
A) social engineering costs less than treating every person with alcoholism.
B) about 85 percent of persons with alcoholism do not receive treatment.
C) treatment programs are never effective.
D) there are not enough therapists to treat all persons with alcoholism.
Q3) Explain the problem of relapse in the treatment of alcohol abuse.Which intervention strategies address this problem most effectively? Substantiate your answer with research from the text.
Q4) Research supports the idea that most alcoholics eventually receive some form of inpatient or outpatient treatment.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Psychological and social rewards associated with drinking include reduced anxiety and depression.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 12: Psychological Issues in Advancing and Terminal Illness
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to Lazarus's model,the subjective experience of stress is a result of A) the general adaptation syndrome.
B) primary appraisal.
C) secondary appraisal.
D) the balance between primary and secondary appraisal.
Q2) ,the _______________ phase of the general adaptation syndrome is responsible for the physiological damage related to stress.
A) alarm
B) resistance
C) exhaustion
D) All of these.
Q3) The process of primary appraisal involves the evaluation of one's A) current emotional state.
B) meaning of the event.
C) coping ability.
D) resources.
Q4) Describe Lazarus's model of the role of psychological appraisal in the experience of stress.Explain how this model addresses the cognitive and emotional responses to stress.
Q5) Answer the text's question "What makes events stressful?"
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Chapter 13: Heart Disease, hypertension, stroke, and Type Ii
Diabetes
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Sample Questions
Q1) People with health-prone personalities are those who have a sense of control,self-esteem,optimism,and resilience.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Some research has found that negative social interactions
A) damage well-being more than positive interactions improve it.
B) act as stress inoculation.
C) are not common in health situations.
D) occur but do not impact health or well-being.
Q3) An important variable in understanding the mechanism by which stress is moderated by social support appears to be the manner in which social support is assessed.When social support has been measured in terms of social integration,_______________ have been found.When subjective levels of social support have been assessed,however,_______________ have been found.
A) direct effects; few effects
B) buffering effects; few effects
C) buffering effects; direct effects
D) direct effects; buffering effects
Q4) Explain how individual differences in personality are related to coping.
Page 15
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Chapter 14: Psychoneuroimmunology and Immune-Related Disorderss
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Sample Questions
Q1) The notion that illness may actually be reinforcing because it exempts the individual from daily responsibilities is termed
A) malingering.
B) delay behavior.
C) secondary gains.
D) hypochondriasis.
Q2) The use of health services is lowest in A) childhood.
B) adolescence and young adulthood.
C) middle age.
D) old age.
Q3) Although _______________ may contribute to higher levels of use of medical care by women,this/these same factor(s)also contribute(s)to women's poorer health.
A) lower levels of employment
B) higher rates of part-time employment
C) lower economic status
D) All of these.
Q4) At the time of the writing of your textbook,what do we know about complementary and alternative medicine?
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Chapter 15: Health Psychology: Challenges for the Future
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Sample Questions
Q1) A colleague orientation is most likely to develop
A) when providers include their patients as active partners in their health and medical care.
B) among providers affiliated with a prepaid health care plan.
C) among private providers who are paid directly for fee-for-service care.
D) among providers who are committed to providing a high quality of technical care.
Q2) Malpractice litigation has become more common as medicine becomes more complex.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Summarize the research investigating the effectiveness of control-enhancing interventions for both adults and children.
Q4) The number of psychologists in hospital settings has _______________ over the past 10 years.
A) more than doubled
B) decreased
C) remained the same
D) first decreased, then increased
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