Clinical Dental Hygiene
Exam Questions
Course Introduction
Clinical Dental Hygiene is a course designed to provide students with hands-on experience and foundational knowledge in the practice of dental hygiene within a clinical setting. The curriculum emphasizes preventive oral health care, patient assessment, dental charting, instrumentation techniques, infection control, and the management of patients with various dental and medical conditions. Through supervised clinical practice, students develop proficiency in performing dental cleanings, applying fluoride and sealants, educating patients on oral hygiene, and collaborating with other dental professionals to deliver comprehensive care. The course also addresses professional ethics, communication skills, and adherence to legal and regulatory standards in dental hygiene practice.
Recommended Textbook
The Dental Hygienists Guide to Nutritional Care 5th Edition by Cynthia A. Stegeman
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21 Chapters
828 Verified Questions
828 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Overview of Healthy Eating Habits
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41 Verified Questions
41 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nutrient facts label was established by the USDA and the FDA to improve health and well-being by enhancing nutritional knowledge.Nutrient content claims describe a relationship between a food or food component and reduced risk of a disease or health-related condition.
A) Both statements are true.
B) Both statements are false.
C) The first statement is true; the second is false.
D) The first statement is false; the second is true.
Answer: C
Q2) Each is true of dietary considerations from the milk and milk product groups,except one.Which is the exception?
A) Fortified milk products are important sources of vitamin D.
B) Many mild substitutes are not fortified with vitamin D.
C) Children 2 to 3 years of age need 2 cups of milk daily.
D) Whole milk and many cheeses are high in unsaturated fat.
Answer: D
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3
Chapter 2: Concepts in Biochemistry
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22 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) During the Krebs cycle,complete aerobic oxidation of glucose (C H O )produces each of the following,except one.Which is the exception?
A) CO<sub>2</sub>
B) H<sub>2</sub>O
C) ATP
D) Amino acids
Answer: D
Q2) Cholesterol is the most abundant lipoprotein and is important to biological membranes.Cholesterol is also the precursor of steroid hormones,bile acids,and the lipid-soluble vitamin D.
A) Both statements are true.
B) Both statements are false.
C) The first statement is true; the second is false.
D) The first statement is false; the second is true.
Answer: D
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4
Chapter 3: The Alimentary Canal: Digestion and Absorption
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47 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Each is true of wheat sensitivity,except one.Which is the exception?
A) Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder caused by permanent gluten sensitivity.
B) If not treated, celiac disease damages the microvilli in the small intestine.
C) Gluten sensitivity is both an allergic reaction and an autoimmune disorder.
D) Celiac disease is more common in people of European origin.
Answer: C
Q2) Hydrolysis of a starch begins with which enzyme?
A) Salivary amylase
B) Pepsin
C) Pancreatic amylase
D) Sucrase
Answer: A
Q3) Which substance is most essential for hydrolyzing large protein molecules?
A) Gastric lipase
B) Pepsin
C) Mucus
D) Intrinsic factor
Answer: B
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5
Chapter 4: Carbohydrate: The Efficient Fuel
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51 Verified Questions
51 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Complex carbohydrates contain more than 10 monosaccharides.Complex carbohydrates are also called disaccharides.
A) Both statements are true.
B) Both statements are false.
C) The first statement is true; the second is false.
D) The first statement is false; the second is true.
Q2) Each nonnutritive sweetener can be recommended to patients with phenylketonuria,except one.Which one is the exception?
A) Cyclamate
B) Acesulfame-K
C) Saccharine
D) Aspartame
E) Sucralose
Q3) Increasing whole grains in the diet can lead to improved gastrointestinal and cardiovascular health.Complex carbohydrates are caries-inhibiting.
A) Both statements are true.
B) Both statements are false.
C) The first statement is true; the second is false.
D) The first statement is false; the second is true.
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Page 6
Chapter 5: Protein: The Cellular Foundation
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Sample Questions
Q1) Tissue building,maintenance,and repair are physiologic roles of proteins and carbohydrates because both nutrients provide essential amino acids necessary for these functions.
A) Both the statement and the reason are correct and related.
B) Both the statement and the reason are correct but are not related.
C) The statement is correct, but the reason is not correct.
D) The statement is not correct, but the reason is correct.
E) Neither the statement nor the reason is correct.
Q2) MyPlate recommends 3 oz of cooked lean meat,poultry,or fish daily.A small chicken drumstick or thigh is equivalent to 3 oz of meat.
A) Both statements are true.
B) Both statements are false.
C) The first statement is true; the second is false.
D) The first statement is false; the second is true.
Q3) The substance that is most supportive of bones and teeth is:
A) hemoglobin.
B) collagen.
C) insulin.
D) pepsin.
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Page 7
Chapter 6: Lipids: The Condensed Energy
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Sample Questions
Q1) The diet of a patient who consumes 120 g of fat from eating 3000 kcal/day is 36% fat.Each gram of saturated fat has 9 cal,while each gram of unsaturated fat has only 4 cal.
A) Both statements are true.
B) Both statements are false.
C) The first statement is true; the second is false.
D) The first statement is false; the second is true.
Q2) Which statement is false?
A) A fasting lipoprotein profile for all adults older than 20 years should be taken every 5 years.
B) LDL cholesterol levels less than 200 mg/dL throughout life are associated with a low risk of CVD.
C) Reducing LDL cholesterol reduces likelihood of acute coronary syndromes.
D) Drug treatment can be added if the lipoprotein profile does not normalize after implementing American Heart Association guidelines.
Q3) Which fatty acid has the most hydrogen atoms?
A) Saturated
B) Monounsaturated
C) Polyunsaturated
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Page 8
Chapter 7: Use of the Energy Nutrients: Metabolism and Balance
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Sample Questions
Q1) Catabolism is also called the Krebs cycle.During the Krebs cycle,glucose,fatty acids,and amino acids are converted to a usable form of energy.
A) Both statements are true.
B) Both statements are false.
C) The first statement is true; the second is false.
D) The first statement is false; the second is true.
Q2) During times of low caloric intake,high-protein diets successfully build muscle mass because this type of diet utilizes the amino acid metabolic pool to stimulate anabolism of muscle.
A) Both the statement and the reason are correct and related.
B) Both the statement and the reason are correct but are not related.
C) The statement is correct, but the reason is not correct.
D) The statement is not correct, but the reason is correct.
E) Neither the statement nor the reason is correct.
Q3) Metabolic rate is lowest:
A) after a few hours of sleep.
B) immediately upon waking.
C) after 5 to 6 hours of deep sleep.
D) during the first few moments after falling asleep.
Page 9
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Chapter 8: Vitamins Required for Calcified Structures
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48 Verified Questions
48 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Studies suggest that leukoplakia is caused by excess vitamin A (a fat-soluble vitamin),retinoids,and beta-carotene.Leukoplakia is an erythematous lesion that appears on the lateral borders of the tongue.
A) Both statements are true.
B) Both statements are false.
C) The first statement is true; the second is false.
D) The first statement is false; the second is true.
Q2) Supplementing dietary intake of beta-carotene is advised for patients with leukoplakia who smoke because research documents that exogenous beta-carotene protects lung tissues from dangers of smoking.
A) Both the statement and the reason are correct and related.
B) Both the statement and the reason are correct but are not related.
C) The statement is correct, but the reason is not correct.
D) The statement is not correct, but the reason is correct.
E) Neither the statement nor the reason is correct.
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10
Chapter 9: Minerals Essential for Calcified Structures
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Sample Questions
Q1) Each is true of requirements and recommendations for fluoride utilization,except one.Which is the exception?
A) Adequate intake for all women is 3 mg/day.
B) Adequate intake for all men is 4 mg/day.
C) Average intake in the United States is 0.9 mg/day in areas without fluoridation.
D) The tolerable upper intake level for individuals over 9 years is 15 mg/day.
Q2) Each is true of phosphorus,except one.Which is the exception?
A) Phosphorus is the second most abundant mineral in the body.
B) Phosphorus is mainly found in the muscles and bone.
C) It is responsible for transfer and release of energy.
D) It is involved in metabolism of fats, carbohydrates, and proteins.
Q3) Each is true of osteoporosis,except one.Which is the exception?
A) Osteoporosis is an age-related disorder.
B) It is characterized by decreased bone mass.
C) Increased estrogen during perimenopause is a strong causative factor.
D) Weight-bearing exercise is thought to be a preventive factor.
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11
Chapter 10: Nutrients Present in Calcified Structures
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30 Verified Questions
30 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Each accurately describes aspects and treatment of Alzheimer disease,except one.Which is the exception?
A) Alzheimer disease is the most common type of dementia.
B) Known risk factors include age, family history, head trauma, and genetic disposition.
C) Although a specific cause has not been determined, aluminum is considered a primary causative agent.
D) Vitamin E supplementation is sometimes prescribed because it is an antioxidant.
Q2) The mineral most likely to occur in shellfish,oysters,crabs,sesame,and sunflower seeds is:
A) copper.
B) selenium.
C) chromium.
D) molybdenum.
Q3) Which mineral is most closely associated with insulin metabolism?
A) Chromium
B) Copper
C) Molybdenum
D) Boron
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12
Chapter 11: Vitamins Required for Oral Soft Tissues and Salivary Glands
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Sample Questions
Q1) Some nutrients may compete or block the action or absorption of another nutrient.Most time-released supplements counteract this problem.
A) Both statements are true.
B) Both statements are false.
C) The first statement is true; the second is false.
D) The first statement is false; the second is true.
Q2) Consistent high doses of folate can:
A) mask a deficiency of vitamin B<sub>12</sub>.
B) act as an antioxidant.
C) increase the risk of heart disease.
D) increase the need for other B vitamins.
Q3) Taste buds are located within which papillae? (Select all that apply.)
A) Foliate
B) Filiform
C) Circumvallate lingual
D) Fungiform
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Chapter 12: Water and Minerals Required for Oral Soft
Tissues and Salivary Glands
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Sample Questions
Q1) Approximately 25% of reputable producers of bottled water use groundwater as their water source.Plain tap water is the most natural source of fluids.
A) Both statements are true.
B) Both statements are false.
C) The first statement is true; the second is false.
D) The first statement is false; the second is true.
Q2) Fluid retention in legs and feet
A)Semipermeable membrane
B)Osmosis
C)Hemochromatosis
D)Metabolism of protein and carbohydrate
E)Antidiuretic hormone
F)Osmoreceptors
G)Chloride
H)Peripheral edema
I)Potassium loss
J)Anions
K)Hypernatremia
L)Myxedema
M)Hyperkalemia
14
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Chapter 13: Nutritional Requirements Affecting Oral Health in
Women
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36 Verified Questions
36 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Tooth development begins early in the second trimester.Calcification of deciduous teeth begins around the fourth month.
A) Both statements are true.
B) Both statements are false.
C) The first statement is true; the second is false.
D) The first statement is false; the second is true.
Q2) Which are appropriate nutritional recommendations for lactating mothers? (Select all that apply.)
A) Breastfeeding is positively related with child mental development.
B) Vegan mothers may be deficient in vitamin B<sub>12</sub>.
C) Prescription drugs should be avoided, but herbal supplements are safe because they do not pass into breast milk.
D) Fortified milk and cereals should be avoided because of processing concerns.
E) Breastfeeding helps with weight loss.
Q3) The factor that is least predictive of a healthy pregnancy is:
A) the mother's nutritional status before conception.
B) appropriate weight gain.
C) gestation of 39 to 41 weeks.
D) birth weight less than 5 lbs.
Page 15
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Chapter 14: Nutritional Requirements During Growth and Development and
Eating Habits Affecting Oral Health
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43 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Mandible is located posterior to its normal position
A)DHA
B)Overjet
C)Retrognathic
D)Innate desire
E)Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
F)Bruxism
G)Sealants
Q2) Each is true of human breast milk,except one.Which is the exception?
A) It is normally thin with a slightly bluish color.
B) It contains long-chain fatty acids.
C) It is low in cholesterol.
D) Fat digestion cannot occur for several months after birth.
E) Although iron content is low, it is utilized efficiently.
Q3) The best way to prevent osteoporosis is through building bone mass during what stage of life?
A) Infancy
B) Early childhood
C) Adolescence
D) Young adulthood
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Chapter 15: Nutritional Requirements for Older Adults and Eating Habits Affecting Oral Health
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Sample Questions
Q1) Constipation may be a consequence of: (Select all that apply.)
A) altered gastrointestinal motility.
B) loss of bowel muscle tone.
C) medications.
D) high-fiber intake.
E) inactivity.
Q2) Weight gain secondary to edema can result in: (Select all that apply.)
A) tight-fitting dentures.
B) oral ulcerations.
C) malnutrition.
D) loose-fitting dentures.
Q3) Sarcopenia,protein,and osteoporosis have important links that dental hygienists should understand.Which of the following are accurate? (Select all that apply.)
A) Sarcopenia is inevitable with aging.
B) Impaired protein use can be overcome by consuming high-quality protein at each meal.
C) High-protein foods stimulate carbohydrate synthesis.
D) Resistance exercise combined with complete protein consumption elicits anabolism.
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Chapter 16: Other Considerations Affecting Nutrient Intake
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which food additives control growth of mold,bacteria,and yeast?
A) Sodium benzoate, sulfites, and sorbic acid
B) Monoglycerides and diglycerides
C) Casein, pectin, and gelatin
D) Fumaric acid, lactic acid, and phosphoric acid
Q2) Cleansing of the lower intestine
A)Food patterns
B)Habit
C)Food fad
D)Food quackery
E)Detoxification
F)Colonic
G)Chelation therapy
H)Organic
Q3) Which storage condition is NOT ideal for foods kept in a pantry?
A) Airtight container
B) Direct sunlight
C) Dry environment
D) Cool temperature
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Chapter 17: Effects of Systemic Disease on Nutritional
Status and Oral Health
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which are oral complications of acquired immunodeficiency disease? (Select all that apply.)
A) Candidiasis
B) Lipodystrophy
C) Oral hairy leukoplakia
D) Necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis
E) Polyphagia
Q2) Taste perception declines with age.Individuals taking three or more medications are likely to have less taste sensitivity and require greater amounts of sodium and sugar to perceive these tastes.
A) Both statements are true.
B) Both statements are false.
C) The first statement is true; the second is false.
D) The first statement is false; the second is true.
Q3) Each is a sign of vitamin B deficient megaloblastic anemia,except one.Which is the exception?
A) Angular cheilosis
B) Dark red oral mucosa
C) Recurrent aphthous ulcers
D) Erythematous mucositis
Page 19
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Chapter 18: Nutritional Aspects of Dental Caries: Causes,
Prevention, and Treatment
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Sample Questions
Q1) Each has the potential to initiate demineralization,except one.Which is the exception?
A) Casein
B) Streptococcus mutans
C) Lactobacillus
D) Plaque biofilms
Q2) Tooth surfaces have remineralization potential because the plaque biofilms in saliva provide a buffering action.
A) Both the statement and the reason are correct and related.
B) Both the statement and the reason are correct but are not related.
C) The statement is correct, but the reason is not correct.
D) The statement is not correct, but the reason is correct.
E) Neither the statement nor the reason is correct.
Q3) Which has the least effect on cariogenicity?
A) Retentiveness
B) Physical form
C) Frequency of intake of carbohydrate
D) Quantity of fermentable carbohydrate
E) Timing and sequence of carbohydrate within a meal
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Chapter 19: Nutritional Aspects of Gingivitis and Periodontal Disease
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Sample Questions
Q1) Following surgery,a mechanically altered diet may be advised.Which are true of this diet? (Select all that apply.)
A) It is also called the full liquid diet.
B) It is a regular diet altered in consistency and texture for ease of mastication.
C) It includes soft, ripened, chopped, ground, mashed, and pureed foods.
D) The foods are generally dry.
E) It is usually recommended for 3 to 7 days.
Q2) For patients with both gingivitis and periodontitis,intake of nutrients slightly beyond recommended levels is advised because slightly elevate nutrient levels enhance the healing process.
A) Both the statement and the reason are correct and related.
B) Both the statement and the reason are correct but are not related.
C) The statement is correct, but the reason is not correct.
D) The statement is not correct, but the reason is correct.
E) Neither the statement nor the reason is correct.
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Page 21
Chapter 20: Nutritional Aspects of Alterations in the Oral Cavity
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Sample Questions
Q1) Adequate fluid and nutrient intake is essential before oral and maxillofacial surgery.Patients who are malnourished as result of chronic disease are at increased risk because they are likely to be immunosuppressed.
A) Both statements are true.
B) Both statements are false.
C) The first statement is true; the second is false.
D) The first statement is false; the second is true.
Q2) Which is NOT an effective intervention for xerostomia?
A) Carry a water bottle around during the day.
B) Use an alcohol-based mouthwash for debridement after eating.
C) Use lip balm to help keep lips moist.
D) Use a humidifier to maintain humidity in the air.
E) Suck on ice chips between meals.
Q3) Each is a goal for patients with xerostomia,except one.Which is the exception?
A) Protect the oral cavity from the destructive effects of xerostomia.
B) Delay treatment of existing conditions until fluid levels of tissues are adequately restored.
C) Provide relief of the dryness to improve quality of the diet.
D) Provide relief of the dryness to improve quality of life.
Page 22
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Chapter 21: Nutritional Assessment and Counseling for
Dental Hygiene Patients
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Sample Questions
Q1) Ameloblast atrophy
A)Folic acid
B)Vitamin C
C)Vitamin A
D)Vitamin K
E)Iron
F)Zinc
G)Cobalamin
Q2) Which accurately depict aspects of the 24-hour recall diet history? (Select all that apply.)
A) Allows the dental professional to collect data on food consumed during a single day.
B) Quick, easy, and presents a representative sample of dietary intake.
C) Determines how often a patient consumes foods from groupings containing similar nutrient content.
D) Involves weighing and measuring quantities of food consumed.
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Page 23