Climate Change and the Oceans
Question Bank
Course Introduction
This course examines the profound impacts of climate change on the worlds oceans, exploring the interconnectedness between the atmospheric and marine environments. Students will study the science behind ocean-atmosphere interactions, ocean acidification, sea level rise, shifts in marine ecosystems, and the feedback mechanisms influencing climate systems. The course also addresses policy implications, adaptation strategies, and the role of the oceans in climate mitigation, emphasizing both global and regional perspectives. Through a multidisciplinary lens, students will gain a comprehensive understanding of the challenges and solutions related to oceanic changes in a warming world.
Recommended Textbook Essentials Of Oceanography 11th Edition by Alan P. Trujillo
Available Study Resources on Quizplus
16 Chapters
1202 Verified Questions
1202 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/study-set/2099 Page 2
Chapter 1: Introduction to Planet Earth
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
76 Verified Questions
76 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/41802
Sample Questions
Q1) Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern.
A)oxygen
B) water vapor
C) carbon dioxide
D) methane
E) ammonia
Answer: A
Q2) Earth is about:
A)6,000 years old.
B)4)6 billion years old.
C)4)6 million years old.
D)40 billion years old.
E)400,000 years old.
Answer: B
Q3) The Earth formed around 4.6 billion years ago.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 3
Chapter 2: Plate Tectonics and the Ocean Floor
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
76 Verified Questions
76 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/41803
Sample Questions
Q1) The origin of many seamounts and tablemounts is related to volcanic activity occurring at hotspots.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) Coral reefs that initially develop along the margin of an island or continent where environmental conditions are suitable are called:
A)fringing reefs.
B)barrier reefs.
C)atolls.
D)patch reefs.
Answer: A
Q3) The seafloor magnetic pattern is best described as:
A)not related to the location of mid-ocean ridges.
B)parallel to and symmetric about mid-ocean ridges.
C)parallel to, but not symmetric about mid-ocean ridges.
D)perpendicular to and symmetric about mid-ocean ridges.
E)perpendicular to, but not symmetric about mid-ocean ridges.
Answer: B
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 4
Chapter 3: Marine Provinces
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
74 Verified Questions
74 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/41804
Sample Questions
Q1) Characteristics of active continental margins include all of the following except:
A)broad continental shelves.
B)chains of islands.
C)deep-sea trenches.
D)thin sediment accumulation.
E)volcanic and earthquake activity.
Answer: A
Q2) Black smokers are hydrothermal vents that discharge superheated water with high concentrations of metal sulfides.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) A sediment-laden current that flows off the continental shelf is called a turbidity current.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 5
Chapter 4: Marine Sediments
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
75 Verified Questions
75 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/41805
Sample Questions
Q1) The Wentworth scale is used to arrange the amount of sorting in a sediment deposit.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Sediments produced by plants and animals in the sea are called:
A)cosmogenous.
B)biogenous.
C)hydrogenous.
D)terrigenous.
E)volcanogenic.
Q3) Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern.
A) chalk
B) coccolithophores
C) diatoms
D) limestone
E) stromatolites
Q4) How does the analysis of marine sediments provide information about the climate of the ancient Earth?
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
6
Chapter 5: Water and Seawater
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
75 Verified Questions
75 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/41806
Sample Questions
Q1) Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern
A) boiling point
B) precipitation
C) freezing point
D) heat capacity
E) surface tension
Q2) The amount of energy that is necessary to raise the temperature of one gram of water by one degree C is the definition of:
A)boiling point elevation.
B)calorie.
C)latent heat of condensation.
D)latent heat of evaporation.
E)thermal capacity.
Q3) Explain how the pH of seawater remains slightly alkaline AND relatively constant.
Q4) How does the ocean's salinity vary with depth?
Q5) Describe what condition exists in water molecules to make then dipolar.
Q6) List the major constituents dissolved in seawater in decreasing concentration.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 7
Chapter 6: Air-Sea Interaction
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
75 Verified Questions
75 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/41807
Sample Questions
Q1) Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern.
A) maximum sustained winds
B) minimum central pressure
C) sea surface salinity
D) storm surge
E) storm diameter
Q2) Discuss uneven solar heating as a function of latitude and how this contributes to the formation of global wind belts.
Q3) In the troposphere, air temperatures:
A)increase with increasing altitude.
B)decrease with increasing altitude.
C)increase with decreasing altitude.
D)decrease with decreasing altitude.
E)None of the above is correct.
Q4) Warm air can hold more water vapor than cold air.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Discuss the formation of land breezes and sea breezes.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 8
Chapter 7: Ocean Circulation
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
74 Verified Questions
74 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/41808
Sample Questions
Q1) Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern.
A) thermohaline circulation
B) density-driven circulation
C) Antarctic Bottom Water
D) Kuroshio Current
E) North Atlantic Deep Water
Q2) The five subtropical gyres exhibit geostrophic flow, related to pressure gradients, friction, and the Coriolis effect.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern.
A) Agulhas Current
B) Benguela Current
C) California Current
D) Canary Current
E) West Australian Current
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 8: Waves and Water Dynamics
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
75 Verified Questions
75 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/41809
Sample Questions
Q1) diameter of orbital wave at the surface
A)wavelength/20
B)1/period
C)steepness = 1:7
D)5.67 \( \sqrt{\operatorname{depth}(f t)} \)
E)1.25 \( \sqrt{L(\text { meters })} \)
F)wavelength/period
G)wave height
H)wavelength/2
Q2) minimum depth for generation of deep-water waves
A)wavelength/20
B)1/period
C)steepness = 1:7
D)5.67 \( \sqrt{\operatorname{depth}(f t)} \)
E)1.25 \( \sqrt{L(\text { meters })} \)
F)wavelength/period
G)wave height
H)wavelength/2
Q3) Describe the relationship between the following: wave height, wavelength, wave speed, and wave steepness.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 10
Chapter 9: Tides
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
75 Verified Questions
75 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/41810
Sample Questions
Q1) water moving out from an inlet due to approaching low tide
A)flood current
B)neap tide
C)spring tide
D)tidal current
E)amphidromic point
F)cotidal point
G)tidal bore
H)ebb current
Q2) Briefly describe why the Sun's influence on Earth's tides is only 46% that of the Moon, even though the Sun is much more massive that the Moon.
Q3) Discuss the influence of the relative masses and distance between the two objects on tide-generating forces.
Q4) diurnal
A)tidal force
B)tidal pattern
C)tidal current
Q5) Distinguish between spring tides and neap tides.
Q6) Describe the tides in an open-ocean basin.
Page 11
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 10: The Coast: Beaches and Shoreline Processes
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
75 Verified Questions
75 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/41811
Sample Questions
Q1) Discuss the forces that contribute to the formation of beaches and give an explanation of the basic terminology used to describe features characteristic of beaches.
Q2) Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern.
A) groin
B) beach compartment
C) jetty
D) breakwater
E) seawall
Q3) Erosional coasts are characterized by features of accumulated sand/pebble/rock that are eroded elsewhere and deposited on shore where longshore currents slow.
A)True
B)False
Q4) wave-cut cliffs
A)depositional shore
B)erosional shore
Q5) Describe the seasonal migration of sand on a beach.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 12
Chapter 11: The Coastal Ocean
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
75 Verified Questions
75 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/41812
Sample Questions
Q1) Reasons for the loss of coastal wetlands include all of the following except:
A)agriculture.
B)coastal housing.
C)removal of mangroves and other coastal vegetation
D)industrial development.
E)all of the above.
Q2) This wetland coastal area occurs:
A)between 30°N and 30°S latitude.
B)in coastal areas that dissipate wave energy.
C)in coastal areas that do not experience seasonal killing frosts.
D)All of the above conditions control the distribution of this type of coastal wetland.
E)Only A and B determine the distribution of this type of wetland.
Q3) Secondary sewage treatment is distinguished form primary sewage treatment by the:
A)addition of bacteria to process organic contaminants.
B)aeration of liquid effluent following chlorination.
C)chlorination of the liquid effluent.
D)removal of inorganic nutrients from the liquid effluent.
E)separation of the suspended solids from the liquid effluent.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 13
Chapter 12: Marine Life and the Marine Environment
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
75 Verified Questions
75 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/41813
Sample Questions
Q1) lives in benthic sediments
A)meroplankton
B)picoplankton
C)nekton
D)infauna
E)holoplankton
F)nanoplankton
G)epifauna
Q2) One reason that polar climates support a higher biomass is that colder water can hold more dissolved oxygen than warmer water.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Species diversity and total biomass are greater in warm-water marine environments in comparison to cold-water marine environments.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Phytoplankton are small in size as a result of predation pressure.
A)True
B)False
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 14
Chapter 13: Biological Productivity and Energy Transfer
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
77 Verified Questions
77 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/41814
Sample Questions
Q1) Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern.
A) Avicennia (black mangrove)
B) Rhizophora (red mangrove)
C) Sargassum (Gulf weed)
D) Spartina (marsh grass)
E) Zostera (eelgrass)
Q2) The relative productivity in the world's oceans from most productive to least productive is:
A)polar waters, temperate waters, tropical waters.
B)polar waters, tropical waters, temperate waters.
C)temperate waters, polar waters, tropical waters.
D)temperate waters, tropical waters, polar waters.
E)tropical waters, temperate waters, polar waters.
Q3) sand star (or starfish)
A)decomposer
B)consumer
C)producer
Q4) Why are upwelling zones generally more productive than coastal oceans?
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 15
Chapter 14: Animals of the Pelagic Environment
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
75 Verified Questions
75 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/41815
Sample Questions
Q1) All of the following are characteristics of mammals (Class Mammalia)except:
A)they are warm-blooded.
B)they lay eggs.
C)they breathe air.
D)the females of each species have mammary glands.
E)they have hair or fur at some point during development.
Q2) Strategies for staying afloat in pelagic environments include a swim bladder, increased body fat, and increased body density.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Identify the mismatched pair.
A)dolphin-Cetacea
B)dugong-Sirenia
C)manatee-Cetacea
D)sea otter-Carnivora
E)walrus-Pinnipedia
Q4) Many cetaceans can extract almost 90% of the oxygen from each breath.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Discuss the adaptations used by marine organisms to prevent sinking.
Page 16
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 15: Animals of the Benthic Environment
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
75 Verified Questions
75 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/41816
Sample Questions
Q1) The distribution of benthic biomass is related to:
A)current patterns.
B)primary productivity.
C)sediment variety.
D)thermocline depth.
E)wave energy.
Q2) Zooxanthellae are autotrophic marine protists that are found in the living tissues of some simple marine invertebrates such as corals, sea anemones, and jellyfish. Zooxanthellae are:
A)bacteria.
B)golden algae.
C)dinoflagellates.
D)protozoans.
E)foraminifera.
Q3) kelp
A)subtidal rocky bottoms
B)sandy beaches
C)mud flats
Q4) What is coral bleaching? List the environmental conditions that contribute to the development of coral bleaching.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 17
Chapter 16: The Oceans and Climate Change
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
75 Verified Questions
75 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/41817
Sample Questions
Q1) The gas(es)that has/have the greatest relative contribution to increasing the greenhouse effect is/are:
A)carbon dioxide (CO ).
B)chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs).
C)methane (CH ).
D)nitrous oxide (N O).
E)ozone (O ).
Q2) Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern.
A) anthropogenic CO inputs
B) changes in solar input
C) tectonic plate movement
D) variation in the Earth's orbit
E) volcanic activity
Q3) The oceans have absorbed the majority of the increased heat in the atmosphere.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Discuss the sources of information used by scientists to reconstruct climatic data prior to the era of modern climate records.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 18