Cleft Palate and Craniofacial Anomalies
Review Questions
Course Introduction
This course explores the etiology, classification, diagnosis, and multidisciplinary management of cleft palate and a variety of craniofacial anomalies. Students will gain an understanding of embryology, genetic and environmental factors, and the impact of these conditions on speech, hearing, feeding, and psychological development. Emphasis is placed on evidence-based assessment techniques, intervention strategies, and the role of the interprofessional team including surgeons, speech-language pathologists, audiologists, and social workers in optimizing outcomes for individuals with these congenital anomalies.
Recommended Textbook Cleft Palate and Craniofacial Anomalies Effects on Speech and Resonance 3rd Edition by Ann
Available Study Resources on Quizplus
24 Chapters
372 Verified Questions
372 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/study-set/3526
2
W.
Chapter 1: Anatomy and Physiology
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
15 Verified Questions
15 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/70043
Sample Questions
Q1) What separates the two plates of the palatine process of the maxilla?
A)Incisive suture lines
B)Median palatine suture
C)Transverse palatomaxillary suture lines
D)Nasal aspect of palatine suture
E)Incisive foramen
Answer: B
Q2) The philtrum runs between which two structures?
A)The nasal tip and the tubercle
B)The nasal tip and the columella
C)The columella and the tubercle
D)The columella and the upper lip
E)The cupid's bow and the tubercle
Answer: D
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 3
Chapter 2: Clefts of the Lip and Palate
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
26 Verified Questions
26 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/70042
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is true about the primary palate?
A)It is posterior to the incisive foramen.
B)It includes the hard and soft palate.
C)It includes the lip.
D)It includes the hard palate, but not the soft palate.
E)It includes the alveolus only.
Answer: C
Q2) In normal embryological development, where does fusion of the secondary palate begin?
A)Median raphe
B)Incisive foramen
C)Anterior nasal spine
D)Posterior nasal spine
E)Transverse palatine suture
Answer: B
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
4
Chapter 3: The Genetics Evaluation and Common
Craniofacial
Syndromes
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
2 Verified Questions
2 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/70041
Sample Questions
Q1) Cleft palate rather than cleft lip) is more likely to be associated with which of the following?
A)Deformations
B)Malformations
C)Disruptions
D)Associations
E)Other congenital anomalies
Answer: B
Q2) What is failure of the brain to divide into two separate hemispheres called?
A)Hydrocephaly
B)Macrocephaly
C)Holoprosencephaly
D)Microcephaly
E)Unicephaly
Answer: C
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 5
Chapter 4: Genetics and Patterns of Inheritance
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
12 Verified Questions
12 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/70040
Sample Questions
Q1) Which factors) produces) the greatest risk for cleft lip?
A)Carrying the rare polymorphism of the TGFA gene
B)Having a family history with two affected first-degree relatives with cleft lip
C)Heavy maternal smoking plus carrying the high-risk allele of TGF
D)Having a family history with one individual with cleft lip
E)Heavy maternal smoking
Q2) Which of the following describes traits that manifest only when mutations are present in both copies of a gene?
A)Dominant traits
B)Recessive traits
C)Heterogeneous traits
D)Homogenous traits
E)Autosomal dominant traits
Q3) What is the possibility that their offspring will be carriers of the condition?
A)0%
B)25%
C)50%
D)75%
E)100%
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 6
Chapter 5: Feeding Problems of Infantswith Clefts or
Craniofacial Anomalies
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
19 Verified Questions
19 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/70039
Sample Questions
Q1) What is the purpose of a nonnutritive stimulation?
A)To heighten sensory awareness
B)To facilitate oral motor action
C)To help prevent development of oral aversion
D)To elicit a sucking response
E)All of the above
Q2) When feeding an infant, a general rule of thumb to follow is that the infant should be burped after how many ounces of intake?
A)1/2 ounce
B)1 ounce
C)2 ounces
D)3 ounces
E)4 ounces
Q3) As the infant grows, which of the following structures does not descend?
A)Velum
B)Epiglottis
C)Hyoid
D)Larynx
E)Vocal cords
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 7
Chapter 6: Developmental Aspects:speech, Language, and Cognition
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
12 Verified Questions
12 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/70038
Sample Questions
Q1) An infant with a cleft palate will tend to produce a predominance of what type of consonants?
A)Glottals and velars
B)Plosives
C)Fricatives and affricates
D)Liquids
E)Glides
Q2) Which of the following statements is true?
A)The infant's abnormal phonological development as a result of the open palate can persist into early speech, even after the palate is repaired.
B)Many children with VPI have reduced expressive language output due to difficulty with speech production.
C)Children with a history of cleft lip only are just as likely to have speech sound errors as children with a history of cleft palate.
D)a and b
E)a and c
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 8
Chapter 7: Resonance Disorders Andvelopharyngeal
Dysfunction Vpd
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
23 Verified Questions
23 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/70037
Sample Questions
Q1) Which speech characteristics are most likely to occur with a very large velopharyngeal opening?
A)Significant audible nasal emission
B)Hypernasality and audible nasal emission
C)A loud and distorting nasal rustle
D)Hypernasality and inaudible nasal emission
E)Pharyngeal fricatives
Q2) Very large tonsils are most likely to cause which of the following?
A)Cul-de-sac resonance
B)Hypernasality
C)Hyponasality
D)Mixed resonance
E)Nasal emission
Q3) Maxillary advancement may improve which of the following?
A)Cul-de-sac resonance
B)Hypernasality
C)Hyponasality
D)Mixed resonance
E)Nasal emission
Page 9
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 8: Facial, Oral and Pharyngeal Anomalies
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
25 Verified Questions
25 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/70036
Sample Questions
Q1) Tonsillar hypertrophy is typically rated on which scale?
A)On a 3-point scale
B)On a 4-point scale
C)On a 5-point scale
D)On a 6-point scale
E)On a 7-point scale
Q2) When a neonate has bilateral choanal atresia, what is the biggest concern?
A)The infant can't breathe while crying
B)The infant is unable to swallow efficiently
C)The infant is unable to breathe at rest
D)The infant can't hear
E)a and b
Q3) A frenulectomy is most often indicated for which of the following?
A)Speech difficulties
B)Feeding difficulties
C)Dental difficulties
D)Cosmetic concerns
E)Medical concerns
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
10
Chapter 9: Dental Anomalies
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
23 Verified Questions
23 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/70035
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is most commonly seen in individuals with a history of cleft lip and palate?
A)Class I occlusion: normal relationship of the molars and line of occlusion
B)Class I malocclusion: normal relationship of the molars, but line of occlusion incorrect
C)Class II malocclusion: mandibular retrusion and/or maxillary protrusion
D)Class III malocclusion: mandibular protrusion and/or maxillary retrusion
E)Class II malocclusion: mandibular protrusion and/or maxillary retrusion
Q2) What is the term for the horizontal relationship of the upper to the lower incisors?
A)Labioversion
B)UnderJet
C)OverJet
D)Overbite
E)Diastema
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 10: Psychosocial Aspects Ofcleft Lippalate and
Craniofacial Anomalies
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
11 Verified Questions 11 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/70034
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is true about children and teens with cleft lip and palate, compared to their unaffected peers?
A)They have a characteristic personality type.
B)They are at greater risk of developing psychopathology.
C)They are more aggressive with peers.
D)They have more difficulty with peer relationships.
E)All of the above
Q2) What causes "stigma" for individuals with craniofacial anomalies?
A)The deviation from cultural standards of beauty
B)Deliberate negative intent by unaffected people
C)Compensatory activities of unaffected individuals, such as being unusually indulgent or helpful
D)Extra awareness of the affected individuals by those who are unaffected
E)All of the above
Q3) Which is not true about adults with clefts, compared to their unaffected peers?
A)They tend to marry later.
B)They have higher levels of depression.
C)They tend to end their education earlier.
D)They make less money in their jobs.
E)All of the above
Page 12
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 11: Speech and Resonance Assessment
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
27 Verified Questions
27 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/70033
Sample Questions
Q1) When evaluating nasal emission, the speech sample should have many of which type of phonemes?
A)High vowels
B)Back vowels
C)Voiceless consonants
D)Voice consonants
E)Plosives
Q2) Which of the following misarticulations can be co-articulated with the /b/ sound?
A)Pharyngeal plosive
B)Palatal-dorsal
C)Velar fricative
D)Glottal stop
E)Pharyngeal fricative
Q3) Which phoneme best to use when testing for nasal emission?
A)/p/
B)/s/
C)/g/
D)/l/
E)/z/
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 13
Chapter 12: Orofacial Examination
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
22 Verified Questions
22 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/70032
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following can often be viewed in young children during an oral examination, but cannot be seen in adults during this exam?
A)Bifid uvula
B)Epiglottis
C)Median palatine raphe
D)Velar dimple
E)Zona pellucida
Q2) A lobulated tongue is most indicative of which syndrome?
A)Crouzon's
B)Velocardiofacial
C)Orofaciodigital
D)Beckwith-Wiedemann
E)Trisomy 18
Q3) What is the most common cause of the spread of infection in healthcare settings?
A)Providers not wearing gloves, when appropriate
B)Providers not wearing a mask, when appropriate
C)Providers not following proper handwashing guidelines
D)Medical equipment that is not properly disinfected
E)Medical equipment that is not properly sterilized
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 14
Chapter 14: Nasometry
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
16 Verified Questions
16 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/70030
Sample Questions
Q1) What cannot be assessed through nasometry?
A)Resonance
B)Upper airway obstruction during speech
C)Changes in resonance following surgery
D)Phoneme-specific nasal emission
E)Intraoral air pressure
Q2) Which of the following is not true about nasometry?
A)It is an indirect measure.
B)It provides objective data regarding resonance.
C)It can be used with connected speech.
D)It provides a visual representation of resonance in real time.
E)It provides direct visualization of the velopharyngeal valve.
Q3) Which of the following was the first instrument developed to measure nasal and oral acoustic energy?
A)Nasometer
B)OroNasal System
C)TONAR
D)NasalView
E)Aerodynamic instrumentation
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 15
Chapter 15: Speech Aerodynamics
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
15 Verified Questions
15 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/70029
Sample Questions
Q1) What does a pneumotachograph measure?
A)Volume of airflow
B)Rate of airflow
C)Air pressure
D)Nasal air resistance
E)Acoustics of airflow
Q2) What does the orifice equation use to calculate minimal cross-sectional area of the velopharyngeal port?
A)Simultaneous measures of the differential pressure across the orifice and rate of airflow
B)The correction factor h
C)Differential pressure across the orifice divided by the rate of airflow
D)The increase in airflow and increase in air pressure across the orifice
E)The pressure drop across the orifice and increase in oral airflow
Q3) Aerodynamic techniques do not provide information about which of the following?
A)Intraoral air pressure level
B)Rates of nasal air emission
C)Estimates of VP orifice size during consonant production
D)Estimates of VP orifice size during vowel production
E)Measurements of nasal airway resistance
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 16
Chapter 16: Videofluoroscopy
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
14 Verified Questions
14 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/70028
Sample Questions
Q1) Which view shows velar height during phonation?
A)Lateral view
B)Frontal view
C)Base view
D)Oblique view
E)Towne's view
Q2) Which view shows most of the port?
A)Lateral view
B)Frontal view
C)Base view
D)Oblique view
E)Towne's view
Q3) Which view used for videofluoroscopy is most similar to the orientation of nasopharyngoscopy?
A)Towne's view
B)Oblique view
C)AP view
D)Base view
E)Lateral view
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 17
Chapter 17: Nasopharyngoscopy
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
10 Verified Questions
10 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/70027
Sample Questions
Q1) For surgical planning, what is the most important finding through nasopharyngoscopy?
A)Size of the opening
B)Shape of the opening
C)Location of the opening
D)Timing of closure
E)Pattern of closure
Q2) Where should you insert the scope when evaluating velopharyngeal function?
A)Inferior meatus because it will come out on top of the velum
B)Inferior meatus because it is the largest and therefore causes the least discomfort
C)Superior meatus because it will allow visualization from the highest point of the nasopharynx
D)Middle meatus because it allows a view from above
E)Superior meatus because its smaller size will keep the scope from "wiggling" around too much
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
18
Chapter 18: Surgical Management of Clefts and Velopharyngeal
Insufficiencyincompetence VPI
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/70026
Sample Questions
Q1) What procedure is used for aligning the maxillary segments prior to formal surgery for unilateral and bilateral clefts?
A)Taping the lip
B)Dental elastics
C)Latham appliance
D)Lip adhesion
E)All of the above
Q2) The earliest that a pharyngoplasty is usually done is at what age?
A)1 to 2 years
B)2 to 2½ years
C)2½ to 3 years
D)3½ to 4 years
E)5 to 6 years
Q3) What is a common surgical procedure for correction of velopharyngeal insufficiency?
A)Palatoplasty
B)Pharyngeal flap
C)Abbe flap
D)Palatal lift
E)Intravelar veloplasty
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 19: Orthognathic Surgery for Craniofacial
Conditions
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
19 Verified Questions
19 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/70025
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following describes the procedure where a partial cut is made in the middle of a bone and then the segments are slowly pulled apart to allow new bone to regenerate in the space?
A)Le Fort advancement
B)Distraction osteogenesis
C)Bone graft
D)Osteotomy
E)Gingivoperiosteoplasty
Q2) Children with clefts may initially have a fairly normal occlusal relationship, but they usually develop which type of occlusion with growth?
A)Class I
B)Class II
C)Class III
D)Open bite
E)Occlusal cant
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 20
Chapter 20: Prosthetic Management
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
7 Verified Questions
7 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/70024
Sample Questions
Q1) When is it not appropriate to use prosthetic management?
A)For patients with a history of cleft who have a delay for surgery due to medical issues
B)For patients who have undergone a successful cleft repair without complications or residual effects
C)For patients with persistent velopharyngeal insufficiency or incompetence after unsuccessful surgeries
D)For patients with other structural disorders not related to cleft palate
E)For patients who have cancer affecting the maxilla or velum
Q2) When working directly with the prosthodontist to modify an appliance for best results, what procedure is most effective to use?
A)Perceptual assessment
B)Nasopharyngoscopy
C)Nasometry
D)Intraoral examination
E)Videofluoroscopy
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 21
Chapter 21: Speech Therapy
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
21 Verified Questions
21 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/70023
Sample Questions
Q1) What speech sound should be inserted between the consonant and the vowel when trying to eliminate glottal stops?
A)/m/
B)/h/
C)/i/
D)/n/
E)/s/
Q2) Which of the following is often co-articulated with an oral placement?
A)Pharyngeal fricative
B)Pharyngeal plosive
C)Glottal stop
D)Palatal-dorsal production
E)Velar fricative
Q3) Which of the following can be corrected by starting with the yawn technique?
A)Pharyngeal fricative
B)Pharyngeal plosive
C)Glottal stop
D) /l
E)Velar plosive
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 22
Chapter 22: The Team Approach
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
4 Verified Questions
4 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/70022
Sample Questions
Q1) Most of the managed care organizations exist as which of the following?
A)For-profit corporations
B)Not-for-profit organizations
C)Third-party administrators
D)Preferred providers PPOs.
E)Government-run providers
Q2) Based on ACPA recommendations, which professionals must be on a Cleft Palate Team as a very minimum?
A)Plastic surgeon, ENT, pedodontist
B)Surgeon, dental professional, speech-language pathologist
C)Plastic surgeon, ENT, speech-language pathologist
D)Plastic surgeon, oral surgeon, speech-language pathologist
E)Dental professional, orthodontist, plastic surgeon
Q3) The team's primary contact person for the family is usually which of the following?
A)Primary care physician
B)Pediatrician
C)Family doctor
D)Managing surgeon
E)Team coordinator
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 23
Chapter 23: Cleft Care in Developing Countries
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
4 Verified Questions
4 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/70021
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements is true?
A)The prevalence of clefts does not vary with geography.
B)Poverty is the only reason children in developing countries do not have access to care.
C)Interpreters should be given some written "scripts" prior to the evaluations.
D)The main mission of international organizations is to provide direct surgical care to affected children.
E)c and d
Q2) Which of the following statements is true?
A)The prevalence of clefts varies with ethnic background.
B)The prevalence of clefts varies with socioeconomic status.
C)The prevalence of clefts is not affected by malnutrition.
D)a and b
E)b and c
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
24
Chapter 24: Velopharyngeal Dysfunction and Speech Disorders
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
7 Verified Questions
7 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/70020
Sample Questions
Q1) Which syndrome is most likely to include hearing loss?
A)Apert syndrome
B)Treacher Collins syndrome
C)Velocardiofacial syndrome
D)Down syndrome
E)Beckwidth-Weidemann syndrome
Q2) A child presents for an evaluation with a complaint of "nasality." An evaluation reveals abnormal resonance on vowels and the following consonants: m, n, ng.Which condition is present?
A)Hypernasality
B)Hyponasality
C)Oral cul-de-sac resonance
D)Nasal cul-de-sac resonance
E)Assimilated resonance
Q3) Nasal emission is most audible on which of the following sounds?
A)Nasal sounds
B)Voiceless consonants
C)Vowels
D)Voiced continuents
E)Voiced plosives
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 25