Chronic Illness Management in Older Adults
Test Preparation
Course Introduction
This course explores the complexities of managing chronic illnesses in older adult populations, focusing on the physiological, psychological, and socio-cultural aspects of aging with long-term health conditions. Students will examine common chronic diseases such as diabetes, heart failure, arthritis, and dementia, and learn evidence-based strategies for assessment, care planning, medication management, and patient education. Emphasis is placed on interdisciplinary collaboration, ethical considerations, and the promotion of quality of life, functional independence, and self-management among older adults. The course also addresses the roles of caregivers, community resources, and healthcare systems in supporting sustained health and well-being in aging populations.
Recommended Textbook
Ebersole and Hess Gerontological Nursing and Healthy Aging in Canada 2nd Edition by Theris A.
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26 Chapters
314 Verified Questions
314 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/study-set/2017 Page 2
Chapter 1: Introduction to Healthy Aging
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17 Verified Questions
17 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/40122
Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse plans activities for female older persons born between 1930 and 1940 who reside in an assisted-living facility.Which is the best intervention for the nurse to implement?
A)Have them bake cookies twice a week.
B)Conduct interviews for specific interests.
C)Arrange dog and cat visits from volunteers.
D)Take them to the library for guest speakers.
Answer: B
Q2) Mrs.McCloud, 70 years old, lives in Attawapiskat and speaks mostly Cree.She is transferred to a hospital in a larger city in Ontario for hemodialysis.While Mrs.M.is in hospital, what should the nurse take into account when developing nursing interventions based on health promotion?
A)Instruct the older person to monitor her fluid intake on an hourly basis.
B)Demonstrate, through pictures, how to eat a healthy, well-balanced diet.
C)Ask the older person about her home and how she accesses health care.
D)Ask the older person why she did not seek help sooner, to prevent the need for hemodialysis.
Answer: C
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Page 3
Chapter 2: Gerontological Nursing History, Education, and Roles
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10 Verified Questions
10 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) A male older person is transferred to a hospice facility with end-stage disease.Which of the following is a suitable nursing intervention for this older person and his family, according to the Canadian Gerontological Nursing Association's Standards of Practice?
A)Decrease the analgesic dose to prevent sedation.
B)Provide a basin and towels for morning self-care.
C)Inform family members about strict visiting hours.
D)Facilitate family rituals related to death and dying.
Answer: D
Q2) Which one of the following Canadian Gerontological Nursing Association Standards of Practice recognizes that certain behaviours are not necessarily related to pathology, but instead may be related to the circumstances within the physical or social environment surrounding older persons?
A)Physiological health
B)Relationship care
C)Responsive care
D)Health system
Answer: C
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4
Chapter 3: Communicating With Older Persons
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15 Verified Questions
15 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which type of question should the nurse avoid when communicating with an older person who has aphasia?
A)The nurse should avoid questions that validate understanding.
B)The nurse should avoid questions that have open-ended answers.
C)The nurse should avoid questions that require a yes or no answer.
D)The nurse should avoid asking several questions in a series.
Answer: B
Q2) Which of the following strategies is most useful for communicating with an older person who is experiencing cognitive impairment?
A)Speak normally, because the older person can understand what you are saying.
B)Communicate infrequently with the older person, to diminish frustration.
C)Correct the older person and repeat until you are understood.
D)Use multiple ways of communicating, such as by gesture and touch, as well as speech.
Answer: D
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5
Chapter 4: Culture, Ethnicity, and Aging
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12 Verified Questions
12 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements is true about differing health belief systems?
A)Personalistic or magicoreligious beliefs have been replaced in Western minds by biomedical principles.
B)In most cultures, older persons are likely to treat themselves using traditional methods before turning to biomedical professionals.
C)Ayurvedic medicine is another name for traditional Aboriginal medicine.
D)The belief that health depends on maintaining a balance among opposite qualities is characteristic of a magicoreligious belief system.
Q2) Which health belief system uses treatments to repair a body part?
A)Holistic
B)Biomedical
C)Personalistic
D)Magicoreligious
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Chapter 5: Nursing Documentation
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10 Verified Questions
10 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Using the Resident Assessment Instrument (RAI), the nurse identifies a trigger from the Minimum Data Set (MDS) for an older person in a nursing home who requires an indwelling urinary catheter.Which should the nurse do next?
A)The nurse should develop a patient-centred plan of care.
B)The nurse should assign suitable nursing interventions.
C)The nurse should use the Resident Assessment Protocols (RAPs).
D)The nurse should institute agency-approved catheter care.
Q2) Which of the following is a true statement about documentation?
A)Nurses should keep records of patients' wishes.
B)Patients do not have access to their own medical records.
C)The DARE approach is a complete record of the health status of a patient.
D)The nurse is responsible for completing all of the Minimum Data Set (MDS).
Q3) Which documentation tool does the nurse use in extended care and long-term care settings to gather definitive information on the resident's functioning?
A)Narrative patient progress notes
B)Problem-oriented documentation
C)Resource Utilization Group (RUG)
D)Resident Assessment Instrument (RAI)
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Chapter 6: Biological Theories and Physical Changes of Aging
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13 Verified Questions
13 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse administers an antibiotic and naproxen, an anti-inflammatory medication, to an older female adult.Which laboratory test result should the nurse monitor to gauge if this older person's kidneys are able to metabolize the medication?
A)Urine creatinine
B)Indirect bilirubin
C)Serum creatinine
D)White blood cells
Q2) Decreased functioning of which physical structure is likely to result in decreased metabolism in older persons?
A)Kidney
B)Thyroid gland
C)Brain
D)Skeleton
Q3) Which age-related change contributes to anorexia and weight loss in the older person?
A)Excessive saliva
B)Fewer taste buds
C)Wearing dentures
D)Softened tooth enamel
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Chapter 7: Social, Psychological, Spiritual, and Cognitive Aspects of Aging
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11 Verified Questions
11 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse plans care for older persons who are in good health but isolated from their families.If the nurse's goal is to move the adults toward gerotranscendence, which of the following interventions should the nurse use in the plan of care?
A)Give a daily tea party for the group.
B)Call each family to encourage visiting.
C)Encourage each person to focus on individual activities.
D)Assist them to resume midlife patterns.
Q2) The nurse provides opportunities for nursing home residents to read aloud to others.Which cognitive skill is this nursing intervention most likely to improve?
A)Verbal fluency
B)Logical analysis
C)Object naming
D)Visuospatial skills
Q3) Crystallized intelligence consists of:
A)Memories created more than 20 years ago.
B)Knowledge and abilities that the person acquires through education and life.
C)Skills that are biologically determined.
D)Education acquired through post-secondary education.
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Chapter 8: Nutritional Needs
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13 Verified Questions
13 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse instructs the health care aide to feed an older person.If the nurse is unable to observe feeding directly, which action should the nurse use to assess the older person's risk for aspiration immediately following feeding?
A)Note the food volume eaten by the older person.
B)Observe the older person's skin colour.
C)Inspect for pocketing.
D)Monitor the older person for bradypnea.
Q2) The health care aides working at a long-term care facility need help to properly feed residents who require assistance with feeding.Which of the following plans should the nurse implement to ensure that the residents are fed properly?
A)Instruct the health care aides to feed four people at a time.
B)Draw on the availability of family members who are able to follow instructions.
C)Ask some residents to self-feed for part of the mealtime.
D)Feed the residents at different times (e.g., feed one group lunch at 1100 hours, and feed a second group lunch at 1200 hours).
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10
Chapter 9: Hydration and Continence
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12 Verified Questions
12 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse assesses an older male resident in a nursing home for urinary incontinence and determines that he is unaware of the problem.Which recommendation should the nurse implement?
A)Limit the resident's oral fluid intake.
B)Provide scheduled (timed) toileting.
C)Apply an absorbent undergarment.
D)Encourage frequent rest periods.
Q2) Which one of the following signs and symptoms is characteristic of a urinary tract infection (UTI) in an older person?
A)Fever
B)Dysuria
C)Anorexia
D)Flank pain
Q3) Which of the following statements is true about fluid intake for older persons?
A)An older person's daily total volume should be 1000 to 1500 mL.
B)Coffee is a suitable beverage for maintaining hydration.
C)Sports drinks should not be consumed, because they contain too much sugar.
D)The amount of fluid offered with medication administration should be standardized (at least 100 mL) for an older person.
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Page 11
Chapter 10: Rest, Sleep, and Activity
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12 Verified Questions
12 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which factor contributes to sleep problems in older persons?
A)Excessive napping
B)Daily exercise
C)Lethargy
D)Rapid eye movement (REM)
Q2) What is the difference between rest and sleep?
A)Sleep occurs with rest.
B)Rest is an extension of sleep.
C)Rest occurs only in brief periods.
D)Sleep is restorative and recuperative.
Q3) The nurse at an assisted-living facility uses the Exercise and Screening for You (EASY) tool to plan an exercise program for an older-person resident who is in good health except that her height has decreased 1.5 cm.Which exercise safety tip from EASY calls for the nurse to assess the resident before planning care?
A)Do not exercise a red, warm, or swollen joint.
B)Avoid stretches that cause you to bend at the waist.
C)Evaluate your surroundings for outdoor exercising.
D)Begin by warming up with low to moderate exercises.
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12
Chapter 11: Promoting Healthy Skin and Feet
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15 Verified Questions
15 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse plans care to protect the skin covering an immobile older person's greater trochanter.What is the nurse's priority intervention when the older person is positioned on the side?
A)Turn the patient at least once every hour.
B)Place a cushion between the patient's knees.
C)Keep the patient's skin clean and dry.
D)Use the Sims' position.
Q2) The nurse cares for an older male adult who has a malignant melanoma.Which intervention should the nurse implement for this man, to prevent a recurrence or advancement of this condition in the future?
A)Place posters about sunscreen in the halls of his apartment building.
B)Promote application of sunscreen at his neighbourhood health fair.
C)Tell him to schedule all outdoor activities after 1600 hours daily.
D)Instruct him to wear sun-protective clothing and a hat at all times.
Q3) Which of the following is an important consideration regarding the skin of an older person?
A)Generous amounts of soap should be used for cleansing.
B)Sweat glands increase in activity.
C)The skin becomes more vulnerable to damage.
D)The skin becomes darker in unexposed areas.
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Chapter 12: Maintaining Mobility and Environmental Safety
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13 Verified Questions
13 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements is true about mobility and safety for older persons?
A)Use of restraints on older patients helps prevent injuries from falls.
B)Falls that do not cause physical injury are not significant.
C)The Braden Scale provides a measure of a patient's energy and initiative.
D)Lowering the bed and using night lights are interventions to increase patient safety.
Q2) After assessing an older male adult in his bed, the nurse determines that he is at high risk for falls.The nurse leaves the room to get a fall risk sign and returns to find him on the floor pleading for help, saying he tried to get out of bed but felt dizzy What is the most important intervention the nurse should have implemented to prevent this event?
A)Call for someone to bring the sign.
B)Show him how to use the call bell.
C)Provide a urinal and drinking water.
D)Assess for postural hypotension.
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Chapter 13: Assessment Tools in Gerontological Nursing
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13 Verified Questions
13 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/40134
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following does the nurse do when preparing to perform a skilled and detailed assessment of an older person that is not usually required when assessing a younger individual?
A)Provide for adequate privacy.
B)Allow more time for assessing.
C)Gather all needed supplies.
D)Complete the evaluation in one sitting.
Q2) Which of the following should the nurse include in the psychosocial assessment of an older patient?
A)Comorbid diseases
B)Joint pain
C)Genetics
D)Family relationships
Q3) Why should a new nurse use a standardized assessment tool?
A)It allows for electronic data collection and analysis.
B)It increases the likelihood of collecting the most accurate data.
C)It is a substitute for possessing refined interviewing skills.
D)It provides an automated means of choosing nursing diagnoses.
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Chapter 14: Safe Medication Use for Older Persons
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10 Verified Questions
10 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which pharmacokinetic parameter is affected most by decreased intestinal motility related to the aging process?
A)Absorption
B)Distribution
C)Metabolism
D)Excretion
Q2) Which of the following processes is not increased in the early morning?
A)Fibrinolytic activity
B)Osteoarthritis pain
C)Asthma symptoms
D)Rheumatoid arthritis pain
Q3) Mr.Perrault, 75 years of age, was diagnosed with Parkinson's disease two years ago.Over the last 24 hours, he appears to have become more confused and agitated.Which of the following should the nurse consider as a possible cause of these symptoms, knowing that Mr.Perrault is receiving medication to alleviate some of his Parkinson's disease symptoms?
A)Delirium and dementia
B)Adverse drug reaction and delirium
C)Dementia and adverse drug reaction
D)Worsening of dementia
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Chapter 15: Living With Chronic Illness
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10 Verified Questions
10 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) An older male adult who has osteoarthritis tells the nurse that he has experienced fatigue for the past two weeks.Which nursing intervention should the nurse implement to help him manage fatigue?
A)Recommend an antidepressant.
B)Help him plan exercise and rest.
C)Plan two or three naps every day.
D)Tell him the fatigue is due to osteoarthritis.
Q2) Which of the following qualities does the nurse need to provide caring?
A)Sensitivity to the needs of other nurses
B)Longing to help others live a healthy life
C)Desire to have a stable career and income
D)Ability to create a trusting environment
Q3) Which one of the following describes the nurse's role for an older patient with a chronic illness?
A)Implement an individualized therapeutic regimen that brings about a cure.
B)Focus on potential rather than on limitations.
C)Suggest that the patient accept eventual death to reduce burdens on the patient's family.
D)Encourage the patient to minimize the utilization of services to control costs.
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Page 17
Chapter 16: Pain and Comfort
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12 Verified Questions
12 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) An older female adult had surgery one day ago, and the nurse thinks that the woman also has dementia.While assessing the patient, what indication would the nurse use to determine that the older person is experiencing pain?
A)The patient holds her abdomen tightly.
B)The patient has stable vital signs.
C)The patient is not verbalizing.
D)The patient moves during sleep.
Q2) An older male adult who does not understand or speak English very well denies having pain, but he had knee replacement surgery two days before.Which is the best pain assessment tool for the nurse to apply when assessing the older person's pain?
A)Numeric Rating Scale
B)Verbal Descriptor Scale
C)PAINAD assessment tool
D)Visual Analogue Scale
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18
Chapter 17: Diabetes Mellitus
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Sample Questions
Q1) An older person with type 2 diabetes mellitus has a sensory impairment and unstable blood sugars.Which alteration in sensory function does the nurse address in the plan of care for stabilizing his blood sugar?
A)The older person requires reading glasses at 2.0 strength.
B)The older person has difficulty hearing in crowded rooms.
C)The older person enjoys spicy food more than bland food.
D)The older person awakens with periodic left-foot numbness.
Q2) An older male adult with diabetes mellitus complains to the nurse that his feet feel like they are burning.What should the nurse recommend to this older person to improve his discomfort?
A)Well-fitting leather shoes
B)Knee-high nylon stockings
C)Soaking feet in warm water
D)Antifungal powder on feet
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Chapter 18: Bone and Joint Health
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is a healthy practice recommended for a person at risk for osteoporosis?
A)Milk and orange juice at breakfast; cheese pizza at lunch; spaghetti served with spinach covered with melted cheese for dinner; and ice cream for dessert
B)Long-term estrogen administration as adjunct therapy
C)Steak with brown rice, celery, and red wine for dinner
D)Coffee, raisin bran and milk, and sausage at breakfast; a can of cola and a hot dog on a high-fibre bun at lunch; and a cocktail before dinner
Q2) Which of the following represents characteristics of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) that are unlike osteoarthritis (OA)?
A)RA involves myalgia and stiffness.
B)RA involves joint pain, and it is curable.
C)RA involves crepitus and instability.
D)RA is systemic and symmetrical.
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Chapter 19: Visual and Auditory Changes
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10 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Management of glaucoma involves medications (oral or topical eye drops) to decrease intraocular pressure (IOP).Which of the following medications would be prescribed to the older person to control and reduce the IOP in acute angle-closure glaucoma?
A)Antihistamines
B)Vasodilators
C)Beta blockers
D)Bronchodilators
Q2) The most detrimental illness or condition that an older person with prelingual deafness can experience is which one of the following?
A)Aphasia
B)Cataracts
C)Glaucoma
D)Osteoarthritis
Q3) Which of the following factors may exacerbate tinnitus?
A)Hearing aids
B)A diet high in calcium
C)Alcohol and cigarettes
D)History of brain injury
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Page 21
Chapter 20: Cardio-Vascular and Respiratory Disorders
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Sample Questions
Q1) The Public Health Agency of Canada and the Canadian Lung Association recommend that every older person who will be entering a long-term care (LTC) facility as a resident will become part of communal living and must therefore undergo annual testing for tuberculosis (TB).Which of the following statements about TB in older persons is TRUE?
A)The principal threat from TB is its highly contagious nature.
B)The tuberculin purified protein derivative (PPD) test is a conclusive test for TB.
C)Antimicrobial drugs have made TB a thing of the past.
D)Older persons who contracted TB in their youth may suffer reactivation of TB.
Q2) The nurse notices that an older female nursing home resident is not eating and that her heart rate is faster than usual at 110-120 beats per minute.What should the nurse do to eliminate pneumonia as a potential cause of the change in this resident's status?
A)Obtain a specimen for aerobic blood cultures.
B)Send the resident for a chest X-ray exam promptly.
C)Analyze sputum for colour, texture, and volume.
D)Compare tympanic temperature to the baseline.
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22
Chapter 21: Cognitive Impairment and Neurological Disorders
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Sample Questions
Q1) Pharmacological interventions should not replace thoughtful and careful evaluation and management of the underlying causes of delirium.Which medication administered for delirium in a controlled environment can reduce the duration and severity of delirium for high-risk patients?
A)Haloperidol (Haldol)
B)Thioridazine (Mellaril)
C)Fluphenazine (Prolixin)
D)Chlorpromazine (Thorazine)
Q2) An older female adult is recovering in the intensive care unit from a bowel resection, but remains intubated and on a mechanical ventilator.Using the Hospital Elder Life Program (HELP), what should the nurse implement to help prevent delirium in this older person?
A)Assess cognition with Mini-Mental State Exam.
B)Provide uninterrupted periods of rest and sleep.
C)Maintain adequate sedation and pain management.
D)Cover her eyes with protective ophthalmic ointment.
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Chapter 22: Economic and Legal Issues
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Sample Questions
Q1) Guardianship for an incapacitated older person may be appointed in which one of the following situations?
A)A dementia patient with a daughter designated as POA
B)Needing to make a decision about payment for placement in a LTC home, with no living family or friends
C)Undergoing a routine outpatient procedure, with a living spouse
D)An emergency situation with a DNR in place
Q2) Social security retirement income programs are designed to minimize the chances of retirees and older people living in poverty in Canada.Which of the following individuals over the age of 65 years would encounter the most challenges in accessing the social security retirement income programs, which include Old Age Security (OAS), Guaranteed Income Supplement (GIS), Allowance for the Survivor, and the Canada Pension Plan (CPP)?
A)Mrs.Perez, who has been living in Canada for eight years as a sponsored immigrant
B)Ms.Soznicki, who has been a common-law partner for ten years
C)Mrs.Haas, who is the widow of an old age security pensioner
D)Mr.Naipal, who has been a same-sex partner for 15 years
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Page 24
Chapter 23: Relationships, Roles, and Transitions
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Sample Questions
Q1) The children of an older female adult ask the nurse for advice about helping their mother heal after her husband's death.Which strategy should the nurse share with the family?
A)Appoint one family member to take the mother on outings.
B)Coordinate family expressions of care and concern.
C)Have each child plan a long trip with their mother's assistance.
D)Take the mother to community events to meet other people.
Q2) The community health nurse delivers a program about retirement planning to middle-aged adults, and wants to them to choose the year of their retirement.On which of the following areas should participants focus to ease their transition into retirement?
A)The kind of legacy they want to leave behind
B)The type of setting they prefer for their personal residence
C)The location of convenient health care services
D)The ability to maintain a stable standard of living
Q3) Which statement is true about the relationships of older persons?
A)Loneliness is evidence of self-centredness and unwillingness to love.
B)A person may be lonely even when surrounded by other people.
C)Hostile behaviour indicates that a person prefers to be left alone.
D)A pet cannot substitute for human attention.
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Page 25
Chapter 24: Mental Health and Wellness in Later Life
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements about psychotic behaviour in older persons is true?
A)Usually, hallucinations in older patients are the result of psychological conflicts.
B)Illusion, delusion, and hallucination are different terms for the same phenomenon.
C)An older person with psychotic behaviour should be assessed for a variety of causes.
D)Regardless of the cause, dissimilar hallucinations are treated with similar therapies.
Q2) Which assessment finding of an older person living in an assisted-living facility indicates the highest risk for suicide?
A)The older person has liver failure due to alcohol abuse but enjoys socializing.
B)The older person declines company, and is preoccupied with lethal weapons.
C)The older person refuses to allow a large extended family to help him.
D)The older person experienced an acetaminophen overdose 20 years ago.
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Chapter 25: Loss, Death, and Palliative Care
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Sample Questions
Q1) An older patient who has end-stage pulmonary disease decides to accept care from the palliative care nurse.This older person is most likely to benefit from the palliative care nurse in terms of which following patient need of Weisman's six needs for the dying?
A)Closure
B)Control
C)Composure
D)Cohesiveness
Q2) Which of the following statements about loss in older adulthood is true?
A)A person experiences each stage of grief once and then grieving is resolved.
B)Anti-anxiety agents are frequently recommended for reducing the pain of grief.
C)The Loss Response Model is concerned with the effect of loss on an individual.
D)Referring to the deceased in the past tense can acknowledge the death's reality.
Q3) Which of the following characteristics is associated with acute grief?
A)Waves of grief or distressing emotion
B)Prolonged inability to sleep after a loss
C)Exacerbations of grief on specific dates
D)Change in attitude toward the future loss
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Chapter 26: Care Across the Continuum
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Sample Questions
Q1) Nurses are concerned with assessing the impact of relocation on older persons, and determining methods to mitigate any negative reactions.Which characteristic of relocation stress syndrome in a resident being transferred from acute care to a long-term care facility should the nurse be aware of?
A)Agitation
B)Feelings of loss of control
C)Presence of a caring family
D)Hallucinations
Q2) Architects are designing homes for younger adults that allow these individuals to age safely in their homes.What is this type of design called?
A)Aging-in-place
B)Residential care
C)Transgenerational
D)Safe haven homes
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