Child Psychology Study Guide Questions
Course Introduction
Child Psychology explores the psychological development of children from infancy through adolescence. The course examines key theories and research on cognitive, emotional, social, and physical development, addressing topics such as language acquisition, attachment, learning processes, moral development, and the impact of family, peers, and culture. Through analysis of case studies and current research, students gain insights into typical and atypical development, as well as practical approaches to supporting children's growth and well-being across various contexts.
Recommended Textbook Children and Their Development 4th Canadian Edition by Robert V. Kail
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14 Chapters
2726 Verified Questions
2726 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: The Science of Child Development
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271 Verified Questions
271 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Frank was watching a Saturday morning cartoon in which the main character kicked someone and took away a toy.Frank then walked across the room and kicked his brother Joe and took away Joe's toy just as a cartoon character had done on the TV show.According to social cognitive theory,Frank has just demonstrated
A)observational learning or imitation.
B)punishment for aggressive behaviour.
C)reinforcement for sharing toys.
D)imprinting.
Answer: A
Q2) The American Psychological Society was formed in 1933 in an effort to bring together an interdisciplinary group dedicated to improving children's lives through research.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q3) Ethological theory views development from a learning perspective.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Chapter 2: Genetic Bases of Child Development
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165 Verified Questions
165 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Debbie and Paul are thinking about starting a family,but are a little hesitant because there is a history of phenylketonuria in Debbie's family.What should Debbie and Paul do?
A)They should adopt a child if they want children.Anyone with a history of inherited disease in their family should not have children.
B)They should go ahead and try to start a family.If Debbie is a carrier of the disease,she is unlikely to be able to get pregnant.
C)They should go ahead and start trying.Phenylketonuria is not an inherited disease.
D)They should go to genetic counselling to determine what the odds are that they will pass on the disease.
Answer: D
Q2) An individual who is heterozygous for hair colour would have
A)two alleles for dark eyes.
B)one allele for dark hair and one for blond hair.
C)two alleles for light eyes.
D)blond hair.
Answer: B
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Chapter 3: Prenatal Development, Birth, and the Newborn
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246 Verified Questions
246 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Chloe wonders how long her labour will last.She has heard stories about women whose labours are so short that they had their babies in the back of a car or an elevator.What can you tell Chloe about the typical length of labour for a first-born child?
Answer: A good answer will be similar to the following: You can tell Chloe that the average length of Stage 1 of labour for a first-born ranges from 12-24 hours.Stage 2 usually lasts about an hour for first-borns.These times are only rough approximations;the actual times vary greatly among women and are virtually impossible to predict.
Q2) The period of the ________ lasts from nine to 38 weeks after conception.
A)fetus
B)zygote
C)germ disc
D)embryo
Answer: A
Q3) Implantation takes about a week to complete.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Chapter 4: Growth and Health
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191 Verified Questions
191 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) "Average" physical growth
A)varies from one generation to the next.
B)does not vary from country to country.
C)is the same as "normal" physical growth.
D)is the same in Africa and Europe.
Q2) Adolescents
A)need to eat less than they did during childhood or they will become overweight.
B)need about the same number of calories per day as they did during childhood.
C)need to eat more than in childhood because of the adolescent growth spurt.
D)have varied nutritional needs,but they usually get adequate amounts of nutrients.
Q3) Crystal has a fast metabolic rate and Paula has a slow metabolic rate;therefore,
A)Paula burns calories more rapidly than Crystal.
B)Crystal burns calories more rapidly than Paula.
C)Paula reached puberty earlier than Crystal.
D)Crystal reached puberty earlier than Paula.
Q4) Boys reach their mature stature about two years before girls do.
A)True
B)False
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Page 6
Chapter 5: Perceptual and Motor Development
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194 Verified Questions
194 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is true about ADHD?
A)Most children grow out of ADHD.
B)Monozygotic twins are often both diagnosed with ADHD but this is uncommon for dizygotic twins.
C)ADHD is caused by watching too much television.
D)Many healthy children are wrongly diagnosed with ADHD.
Q2) Interposition refers to the fact that
A)nearby objects look substantially larger than objects in the distance.
B)parallel lines come together at a single point in the distance.
C)the texture of objects changes from coarse but distinct for nearby objects to finer and less distinct for distant objects.
D)nearby objects partially obscure more distant objects.
Q3) Oscar is seven months old.When he is placed on the deep end of a visual cliff,his heart rate will likely decelerate.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Psychosocial treatments have not been effective in the treatment of ADHD.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 6: Theories of Cognitive Development
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172 Verified Questions
172 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Preoperational children are able to juggle multiple aspects of a problem at the same time,thus correcting the centration that is seen in the sensorimotor stage.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Piaget claimed that understanding of objects develops slowly,however,modern researchers have shown that babies understand objects much earlier than Piaget claimed.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Centration is characterized by
A)difficulty in seeing the world from another's outlook.
B)crediting inanimate objects with real-life properties.
C)believing an object's appearance tells what the object is really like.
D)focusing on one aspect of a problem while ignoring other relevant aspects of the problem.
Q4) Children's naïve theories of biology are composed of six elements: movement,growth,internal parts,inheritance,illness,and healing.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 7: Cognitive Processes and Academic Skills
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174 Verified Questions
174 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Preschoolers in the Sam Stone studies were most likely to be misled when they were exposed to a stereotype about Sam and were questioned using suggestive questions.
A)True
B)False
Q2) You are teaching Grade 4 science to a group of 9- and 10-year-old students.What can you expect from them with regards to the scientific method,and are there things that you,as the teacher,can do to help your students improve their scientific reasoning?
Q3) Young babies (under three months) typically retain information for a week or less,while children over a year retain it for approximately
A)8 weeks or longer.
B)6 weeks or longer.
C)6 months or longer.
D)a year or longer.
Q4) Your friend,Kyoung Lae,is a concerned father and he would like to do all that he can to help his four-year-old daughter,Nora,learn to read.What can you tell Kyoung Lae about prereading skills that are related to more skilled reading in Grade 1?
Q5) Describe some of the virtues and drawbacks of collaboration with young children. To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 9
Chapter 8: Intelligence and Individual Differences in Cognition
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163 Verified Questions
163 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Deborah has an average IQ but is an exceptionally talented dancer.Deborah would be considered to be exceptionally intelligent according to A)a psychometrician.
B)Carroll's hierarchical theory of intelligence.
C)Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences.
D)Binet.
Q2) The Stanford-Binet and the WISC-IV employ dynamic testing.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for intellectual disabilities?
A)social factors
B)biomedical factors
C)educational factors
D)personality factors
Q4) Binet and Simon developed an intelligence test in order to A)measure intelligence across cultures.
B)predict job success.
C)determine how much of intelligence is due to heredity and how much is due to the environment.
D)identify children who are likely to succeed in school.
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Chapter 9: Language and Communication
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180 Verified Questions
180 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Your friends Kumi and Hugh have a six-month-old son,Joe.Kumi is a native speaker of Japanese and Hugh is a native speaker of English.They are thinking about raising Joe to be bilingual but they are wondering if there are any benefits or drawbacks to this.What can you tell Kumi and Hugh about the impact of bilingualism on language development?
Q2) The sounds of a language are referred to as A)semantics.
B)pragmatics.
C)phonology.
D)syntax.
Q3) Poppy is almost two years old and communicates often with two-word sentences like "mommy cookie" and "mommy doll".This is often referred to as telegraphic speech. A)True B)False
Q4) School-age children can detect sarcasm from the speaker's tone of voice but not from the context of the sarcastic comment.
A)True
B)False
Q5) What is "turn-taking" in language development?
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Chapter 10: Emotional Development
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162 Verified Questions
162 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Complex emotions
A)emerge before basic emotions.
B)develop before the age of one year.
C)involve an evaluative component.
D)include feelings of happiness,anger,and disgust.
Q2) One of the first signs of fear in an infant often occurs when
A)infants are in the presence of an unfamiliar adult.
B)infants are picked up by a familiar adult.
C)a stranger talks to other adults instead of picking up the baby.
D)a favourite food or toy is taken away.
Q3) Cross-cultural studies of temperament have shown
A)that Japanese and Chinese babies are more emotional in stressful situations than European American babies.
B)that European American babies are more emotional in stressful situations than Asian babies.
C)that any cultural differences in emotionality cannot be explained by the behaviour of the mothers.
D)no differences in emotionality between Asian and American babies.
Q4) Discuss cultural differences in emotional expression.
Q5) Discuss how a child's environment can contribute to children's temperament.
Page 12
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Chapter 11: Understanding Self and Others
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177 Verified Questions
177 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Children with low self-esteem are more likely to be involved in bullying.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Social competence is one of four specialized areas of self-esteem that stand out in the elementary-school years.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The most effective and lasting forms of treatment for depression in adolescence emphasize
A)minimizing discussion of the depressive symptoms.
B)taking personal responsibility for negative outcomes.
C)correcting an imbalance in neurotransmitters.
D)cognitive and social skills.
Q4) As children mature,their descriptions of others
A)become more concrete.
B)are more likely to include psychological traits.
C)become simpler.
D)are more likely to include references to possessions.
Q5) Discuss depression in adolescence.
Q6) Briefly describe some outcomes associated with low self-esteem.
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Chapter 12: Moral Understanding and Behaviour
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162 Verified Questions
162 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Children are more likely to act altruistically when they do not feel responsible for the person in need.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Explain what Piaget meant by moral realism,immanent justice,and moral relativism.
Q3) Research suggests that children who are highly aggressive
A)are equally likely to be boys or girls.
B)are more likely than less aggressive children to commit criminal offenses when they get older.
C)are likely to remain aggressive but are no more likely than less aggressive children to commit criminal offenses when they get older.
D)are simply being playful and are likely to outgrow their aggressiveness as they get older.
Q4) Canadian toddlers have been found to show more self-control than Chinese toddlers.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Name and briefly explain Kohlberg's three levels of moral reasoning.
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Chapter 13: Gender and Development
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160 Verified Questions
160 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Mothers are more likely than fathers to treat sons and daughters differently.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Social roles are cultural guidelines for people's behaviour.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Which pair of children is most likely to have enabling interactions with each other?
A)Sam and John,two boys
B)Drew and Jenny,a boy and a girl
C)Kelsey and Caitlin,two girls
D)Sam and John,Drew and Jenny,and Kelsey and Caitlin are equally likely to have enabling interactions.
Q4) Androgynous persons are high on both instrumental and expressive traits.
A)True
B)False
Q5) The benefits of androgyny are greater for boys than for girls.
A)True
B)False
Q6) Discuss the development of gender stereotypes.
Page 15
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Chapter 14: Social Influences
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309 Verified Questions
309 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) While Sheena was at day care,she was fondled in her private parts by one of her teachers.Sheena experienced
A)physical abuse.
B)psychological abuse.
C)sexual abuse.
D)neglect.
Q2) Children of authoritarian parents
A)typically have high grades in school.
B)typically have high levels of self-esteem.
C)are the most likely to be involved in misconduct at school.
D)are often unhappy.
Q3) Children who adjust best to parental divorce
A)have parents who have a lot of conflict.
B)interpret events more positively.
C)suffer economic hardship following the divorce.
D)live with the opposite-sex parent.
Q4) Students are more likely to succeed in school where the progress of students,teachers,and programs is monitored.
A)True
B)False
Page 16
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