Child Psychology Practice Exam
Course Introduction
Child Psychology explores the cognitive, emotional, social, and physical development of children from infancy through adolescence. This course examines major theories and research findings regarding how children think, learn, communicate, form relationships, and develop a sense of self. Students will analyze factors that influence child development, including family dynamics, culture, biological processes, and environmental contexts. Ethical considerations, developmental disorders, and intervention strategies are also discussed, with the goal of applying psychological principles to support healthy growth and development in diverse child populations.
Recommended Textbook Infants Children and Adolescents and MyVirtualChild 7th Edition by Laura E. Berk
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17 Chapters
2126 Verified Questions
2126 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: History, Theory, and Research Strategies
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152 Verified Questions
152 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Information-processing researchers often use ______________ to map the precise steps individuals use to solve problems and complete tasks.
A) clinical interviews
B) flowcharts
C) imprinting
D) social mediation
Answer: B
Q2) Alfred Binet and Theodore Simon's intelligence test was developed as a way to
A) identify children with learning problems who needed to be placed in special classes.
B) accurately predict school achievement and vocational success.
C) document developmental improvements in children's intellectual functioning.
D) measure individual differences in development as a function of race, gender, and birth order.
Answer: A
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3
Chapter 2: Genetic and Environmental Foundations
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105 Verified Questions
105 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Directly observable characteristics are affected by an individual's lifelong history of experiences and also by the individual's A) karotype.
B) phenotype.
C) gamete.
D) genotype.
Answer: D
Q2) On the DNA ladder, adenine always appears A) alone.
B) with thymine.
C) with cytosine.
D) with guanine.
Answer: B
Q3) In the United States, affordable child care is A) usually high in quality.
B) fairly easy to find.
C) in short supply.
D) the norm.
Answer: C
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Page 4
Chapter 3: Prenatal Development
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100 Verified Questions
100 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements is true about birthrate trends between 1970 and 2008?
A) The birthrate increased during this period for women 20 to 24 years of age.
B) The birthrate decreased during this period for women 25 years of age and older.
C) For women in their thirties, the birthrate more than doubled during this period.
D) The greatest decline in the birthrate during this period was for women in their thirties.
Answer: C
Q2) Prenatal maternal stress is
A) especially damaging during the first trimester.
B) related to pyloric stenosis.
C) associated with emotional, but not physical, difficulties.
D) related to neural tube defects.
Answer: B
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5
Chapter 4: Birth and the Newborn Baby
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110 Verified Questions
110 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) ___________ results when the blastocyst implants so low in the uterus that the placenta covers the cervical opening.
A) Toxemia
B) Placenta previa
C) Placenta abruptio
D) Toxoplasmosis
Q2) In international rankings, the infant death rate in the United States has slipped from seventh in the 1950s to ____ in 2009.
A) tenth
B) fourteenth
C) twentieth
D) twenty-eighth
Q3) Which mother is a good candidate for a home delivery?
A) Heather, a healthy 43-year-old who previously had a cesarean delivery
B) Helena, a first-time mom who wants to deliver her own baby unassisted
C) Prudence, a 30-year-old second-time mom, assisted by a certified nurse-midwife
D) Donna, a fifth-time mom whose baby is in a breech position
Q4) What is "kangaroo care"? When and how is it used? What are its benefits?
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Page 6
Chapter 5: Physical Development in Infancy and
Toddlerhood
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136 Verified Questions
136 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The average 2-year-old needs _____ to _____ hours of sleep.
A) 16; 18
B) 14; 15
C) 12; 13
D) 10; 11
Q2) The cortical regions with the most extended period of development are the ________ lobes.
A) occipital
B) frontal
C) temporal
D) parietal
Q3) Experience-dependent brain growth
A) takes place through naturally occurring interactions with caregivers.
B) provides a foundation for later-occurring, experience-expectant development.
C) depends on ordinary experiences, such as moving about and exploring the environment.
D) relies on specific learning experiences that differ widely across individuals.
Q4) Using examples from the text, explain how cultural variations in infant-rearing practices affect motor development.
Page 7
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Chapter 6: Cognitive Development in Infancy and
Toddlerhood
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126 Verified Questions
126 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Maxi used the word "doll" only to refer to the rag doll she carried every day. This is an example of
A) underextension.
B) overextension.
C) telegraphic speech.
D) referential speech.
Q2) Among social interactionists, disagreement continues over whether or not children
A) have the necessary social skills to make sense of language.
B) progress through distinct stages of language development.
C) are equipped with specialized language structures.
D) should acquire a second language before formal schooling begins.
Q3) In Piaget's sequence of sensorimotor development, newborns first develop A) mental representations.
B) tertiary circular schemes.
C) reflexive schemes.
D) primary circular schemes.
Q4) Identify Piaget's substages of sensorimotor development, including the adaptive behaviors associated with each substage.
Q5) Compare the three major theories of language development.
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Chapter 7: Emotional and Social Development in Infancy and
Toddlerhood
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114 Verified Questions
114 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following children is most likely to be receiving abusive or neglectful care?
A) Dante, whose attachment is disorganized/disoriented
B) Sonya, whose attachment is secure
C) Anthony, whose attachment is avoidant
D) Riley, whose attachment is resistant
Q2) In the early months, infants
A) have only a limited capacity to regulate their emotional stress.
B) are unable to regulate any form of emotional stress.
C) are not very easily overwhelmed.
D) rely primarily on self-soothing for distraction and reorientation of attention.
Q3) When asked to push a wagon while standing on a towel attached to its rear axle, 21-month-old Maximus figures out that if he removes himself from the towel, the wagon will move. Maximus is displaying
A) effortful control.
B) an implicit sense of self-world differentiation.
C) a categorical self.
D) an explicit body self-awareness.
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Chapter 8: Physical Development in Early Childhood
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78 Verified Questions
78 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Discuss how motor vehicle use relates to childhood injuries. What are some ways to minimize unintentional injuries during automobile travel?
Q2) _______ are at greater risk for injury than _________.
A) Girls; boys
B) Children with easy temperaments; irritable children
C) Middle-SES children; low-SES children
D) Economically advantaged U.S. children; children in Western Europe
Q3) Of the 10 million annual deaths of children under age 5 worldwide, ___ percent are due to infectious disease.
A) 10
B) 25
C) 70
D) 98
Q4) Which of the following children is the most likely to lack immunizations?
A) Sam from the United States
B) Kristen from Canada
C) Nigel from Great Britain
D) Elsa from Sweden
Q5) Describe strategies for preventing early otitis media.
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Chapter 9: Cognitive Development in Early Childhood
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111 Verified Questions
111 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) On average, a low-SES child is read to for a total of _____ hours during the preschool years, a higher-SES child for ______ hours.
A) 25; 100
B) 25; 1,000
C) 250; 500
D) 250; 1,000
Q2) Studies of literacy development show that
A) the more informal literacy experiences young children have, the better their later reading skills.
B) even young preschoolers are able to distinguish drawing from writing.
C) the best method to teach children to read is the phonics approach.
D) interactive reading hinders preschoolers' developing understanding of sound-word correspondences.
Q3) Scripts
A) clutter long-term memory with irrelevant information.
B) help children organize, interpret, and predict everyday experiences.
C) hinder memory for events that are highly distinctive.
D) facilitate recall of specific instances of repeated experiences.
Q4) What are scripts? How do they contribute to young children's memory development?
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Chapter 10: Emotional and Social Development in Early Childhood
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131 Verified Questions
131 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) One of the best ways for Johann's mom to promote peer interaction skills is for her to A) provide opportunities for Johann to play with peers.
B) avoid arranging frequent play dates that may overwhelm Johann.
C) avoid providing specific suggestions to Johann on how to interact with other children. D) prevent Johann from interacting with children who have conflicts with Johann.
Q2) Three-year-old Sasha makes a structure out of toy blocks. Sasha is engaging in _________ play.
A) make-believe B) parallel
C) constructive D) functional
Q3) Studies of self-esteem demonstrate that preschoolers
A) tend to overestimate the difficulty of tasks.
B) usually have an accurate understanding of their abilities.
C) usually rate their own abilities as extremely high.
D) give up easily when faced with a challenging task.
Q4) Describe authoritative child rearing and explain what makes it effective.
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Chapter 11: Physical Development in Middle Childhood
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136 Verified Questions
136 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) After age 8, girls begin _________ at a faster rate than boys.
A) accumulating fat
B) adding muscle
C) pruning synapses
D) upper body growth
Q2) School children around the world engage in an enormous variety of informally organized games. How do these activities contribute to social and emotional development?
Q3) In order to increase girls' participation, self-confidence, and sense of fair treatment in athletics, the text recommends
A) less emphasis on skill training for girls, as basic skills are already commensurate with those of boys.
B) educating parents about the minimal differences in school-age boys' and girls' physical capacities.
C) decreased attention to girls' athletic achievements, to avoid embarrassment or undue pressure.
D) decreased attention to boys' athletic achievements because athletics are overemphasized in American culture.
Q4) List and describe common factors associated with childhood obesity.
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Chapter 12: Cognitive Development in Middle Childhood
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160 Verified Questions
160 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Elena moved to the United States from Guatemala when she was 6 years old. Research shows that if her school curriculum integrates both Spanish and English, she will
A) be semilingual.
B) gradually lose her Spanish.
C) fall behind in reading skills.
D) acquire English more easily.
Q2) Encouraging students to _______ and making sure they ______ are essential for solid mastery of basic math skills.
A) memorize math facts; remember them
B) apply strategies; know why certain strategies work
C) memorize math rules; have a calculator
D) have calculators; know how to use them
Q3) Factor analysis identifies
A) normative ages for correct responses to items on an IQ test.
B) which items on an IQ test are reliable.
C) whether an IQ test actually measures intelligence.
D) which items on an IQ test are strongly correlated with each other.
Q4) How are gifted, creative, and talented students identified? What are some characteristics they share?
Page 14
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Chapter 13: Emotional and Social Development in Middle Childhood
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172 Verified Questions
172 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) From third to sixth grade,
A) boys' identification with their "feminine" personality traits increases.
B) girls' identification with their "feminine" personality traits increases.
C) girls' identification with their "masculine" personality traits declines.
D) boys' identification with their "masculine" personality traits increases.
Q2) What are some ways that schools can prevent learned helplessness and foster a mastery-oriented approach to learning?
Q3) Mastery-oriented children focus on ________ goals, while learned-helpless children focus on ________ goals.
A) fixed; incremental
B) incremental; learning
C) learning; performance
D) performance; fixed
Q4) The Ngoni of Malawi believe that when children ______________, they are mature enough for intensive skill training.
A) shed their first teeth
B) reach puberty
C) finish school
D) reach the age of 10
Page 15
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Chapter 14: Physical Development in Adolescence
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150 Verified Questions
150 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Gemma eats very little. She is likely to experience puberty
A) much earlier than other girls.
B) slightly earlier than other girls.
C) around the same time as the average girl.
D) later than other girls.
Q2) Teenagers who talk openly with their parents about sex and contraception
A) are just as likely as other teens to fail to use contraception.
B) report having more unprotected sex than teens who do not discuss sex.
C) have higher pregnancy rates than other teens.
D) are more likely than other teens to use birth control if they have intercourse.
Q3) One factor that heightens the incidence of adolescent pregnancy is
A) exposure to sex education in middle and high school.
B) easy availability of low-cost contraceptive services.
C) a history of family poverty, which encourages risk-taking behavior.
D) early puberty for boys and late puberty for girls.
Q4) What are some characteristics of sexually active adolescents? Which children are more likely than others to engage in early and frequent teenage sexual activity?
Q5) Describe the secular trend in pubertal timing in industrialized nations.
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Chapter 15: Cognitive Development in Adolescence
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150 Verified Questions
150 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) During the ________ phase of the ________ period of vocational development, an individual typically gathers more information about a set of possibilities that blends with his or her personal characteristics.
A) exploration; fantasy
B) exploration; tentative
C) crystallization; realistic
D) exploration; realistic
Q2) Ty's dad is a doctor and his mom is an engineer. To which of the following occupations is Ty most likely to aspire?
A) construction worker
B) lawyer
C) painter
D) flight attendant
Q3) Taking college courses
A) has no measurable impact on formal operational reasoning.
B) leads to improvements in formal operational reasoning on all kinds of tasks.
C) improves formal operational reasoning on tasks related to course content.
D) improves propositional thought but not hypothetico-deductive reasoning.
Q4) Explain why teenagers have difficulty with decision making.
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Chapter 16: Emotional and Social Development in Adolescence
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161 Verified Questions
161 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Adolescents who immigrate with their family to the United States from a collectivist culture demonstrate ________ the longer their family has been in the United States.
A) increased rejection of mainstream U.S. values
B) increased commitment to fulfilling family obligations and learning about their collectivist culture
C) decreased ability to fit in with mainstream U.S. culture
D) decreased commitment to obeying their parents and fulfilling family obligations
Q2) Research shows that most teenagers
A) engage in serious antisocial acts, although they are rarely caught or prosecuted.
B) do not show serious depression, suicidal tendencies, or persistent antisocial behavior.
C) experience severe bouts of depression, especially those in industrialized nations.
D) seriously consider suicide, although few actually make an attempt.
Q3) What types of moral dilemmas do people face in real life, and how do they resolve them? How does this compare to their approach to hypothetical problems like Kohlberg's Heinz dilemma?
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Chapter 17: Emerging Adulthood
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to your text, advances in identity occur in which three domains?
A) love, work, and worldview
B) career, financial security, and love
C) job security, financial security, and marital status
D) religiosity, spirituality, and work
Q2) Which of the following is true about identity development in emerging adulthood?
A) Young people usually explore in depth, but not in breadth.
B) Young people usually explore in breadth, but not in depth.
C) Young people usually explore possibilities in breadth and then in depth.
D) Most college students make commitments, but fail to evaluate them.
Q3) List personal attributes (cognitive, emotional, and social) and social supports that foster resilience in emerging adulthood.
Q4) The overwhelming majority of young people in traditional, non-Western countries
A) experience a prolonged emerging adulthood.
B) enter marriage late.
C) enter lifelong work late.
D) have no emerging adulthood.
Q5) Explain how young people find lasting intimate relationships. How does partner similarity contribute to long-term relationships?
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