Child Development Practice Exam
Course Introduction
This course provides a comprehensive overview of the physical, cognitive, emotional, and social development of children from conception through adolescence. Students will explore major theoretical perspectives, developmental milestones, and the influence of family, culture, and environment on child growth. Emphasis is placed on observing and understanding patterns of development, with practical applications for supporting childrens well-being in diverse settings such as homes, schools, and communities.
Recommended Textbook
Child Development An Introduction 14th Edition by John W Santrock
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16 Chapters
1915 Verified Questions
1915 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: Introduction
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Sample Questions
Q1) In Urie Bronfenbrenner's theory,the term "________" refers to the setting in which the individual lives.
A)microsystem
B)mesosystem
C)exosystem
D)macrosystem
Answer: A
Q2) ________ theories emphasize the importance of conscious thought.
A)Sociocultural
B)Psychoanalytic
C)Cognitive
D)Ethological
Answer: C
Q3) Imagining what it would be like to be a movie star is an example of a(n)________ process of development.
A)biological
B)socioemotional
C)cognitive
D)integrative
Answer: C
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Chapter 2: Biological Beginnings
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Sample Questions
Q1) In the United States,________ is by far the most commonly used assisted reproduction technique.
A)surrogate mothering
B)gamete intrafallopian transfer
C)artificial insemination
D)in vitro fertilization
Answer: D
Q2) Based on your text,which of the following is/are the essential ingredient(s)required to translate one's genotype into one's phenotype?
A)proteins
B)RNA
C)amino acids
D)all of these
Answer: D
Q3) The findings of the Human Genome Project revealed that A)genes possess no fixed locations in humans.
B)humans have far fewer genes than estimated earlier.
C)each gene programs just one protein.
D)humans appear to have far more genes than they have proteins.
Answer: B
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Chapter 3: Prenatal Development
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Sample Questions
Q1) Cigarette smoking by pregnant women has been associated with a higher incidence of
A)spontaneous abortion.
B)facial deformities.
C)defective newborn reflexes.
D)sudden infant death syndrome.
Answer: D
Q2) Which of the following exercises is NOT recommended for women in the latter part of their pregnancies?
A)bicycling
B)swimming
C)jogging
D)walking
Answer: C
Q3) After ________ is complete,teratogens can no longer cause anatomical defects.
A)morphogenesis
B)organogenesis
C)histogenesis
D)embryogenesis
Answer: B
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Chapter 4: Birth
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following measures of neonatal health and responsiveness is typically performed within 24 to 36 hours after birth?
A)Apgar Scale
B)Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children
C)Bayley Scales of Infant Development
D)Brazelton Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale
Q2) Which of the following is TRUE about postpartum depression?
A)Postpartum depression usually subsides on its own within about two weeks.
B)A woman with postpartum depression is usually able to continue doing her daily tasks.
C)Without treatment,postpartum depression may last for many months.
D)Postpartum depression usually has minimal effects on the baby.
Q3) The second stage of birth begins when the
A)baby's head starts to move through the cervix and the birth canal.
B)cervix begins to stretch and open to about 4 inches to facilitate the baby's movement.
C)placenta emerges from the mother's body.
D)baby completely emerges from the mother's body.
Q4) What is an epidural block? What are some of the concerns associated with its usage?
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Chapter 5: Physical Development in Infancy
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Sample Questions
Q1) ________ is a condition caused by severe protein-calorie deficiency and results in wasting away of body tissues in the infant's first year.
A)Sleep apnea
B)Otitis media
C)Marasmus
D)Kwashiorkor
Q2) The recovery of a habituated response after a change in stimulation is known as A)operant conditioning.
B)prolonged interest.
C)stimulus generalization.
D)dishabituation.
Q3) Myelination for visual pathways is
A)completed in the first six months after birth.
B)completed after eight months of birth.
C)not completed until the first year.
D)not completed until 4 or 5 years of age.
Q4) What is sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)? Mention three risk factors for SIDS.
Q5) What are the improvements seen in the gross motor skills of infants during the second year of life?
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Chapter 6: Cognitive Development in Infancy
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Sample Questions
Q1) Describe attention in the first year of the infant's life.
Q2) Which of the following is defined as the sound system of the language?
A)morphology
B)phonology
C)semiotics
D)grammar
Q3) Which of the following is TRUE with regard to Piaget's theory of infant development?
A)Piaget's theory represents a biologically based understanding of cognition in infants and toddlers.
B)Piaget's theory strengthens the view that one's genetic material is the primary determinant of one's cognitive abilities.
C)Piaget's theory posits the view that biology and experience sculpt cognitive development in children.
D)Piaget's theory takes a purely ecological approach to understand cognitive development in infants and children.
Q4) Explain the role of Broca's area and Wernicke's area with regard to language.
Q5) What is object permanence?
Q6) What are the milestones of the sixth sensorimotor substage given by Piaget?
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Chapter 7: Socioemotional Development in Infancy
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120 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The Strange Situation developed by Mary Ainsworth is an observational measure of A)self-directed behavior.
B)infant attachment.
C)an infant's response to cues.
D)habituation.
Q2) In ________,parents can take an 18-month job-protected parental leave with benefits that can be shared by parents and applied to full-time or part-time work.
A)Sweden
B)United States
C)Mexico
D)Denmark
Q3) In which of the following cultures do fathers and mothers spend almost equal time interacting with their infants?
A)Hausa culture
B)Aka pygmy culture
C)African American culture
D)Asian culture
Q4) List the three basic types of temperament described by Chess and Thomas in their classification.
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Chapter 8: Physical Development in Early Childhood
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Sample Questions
Q1) How can caregivers positively influence the eating behavior of young children?
Q2) Which of the following is a feature of a good feeding style used by parents?
A)the exclusion of competing activities during mealtimes
B)an ability to combine eating with recreation like television
C)a restrictive caregiver behavior at mealtimes
D)a tendency to schedule flexible mealtimes based on parental convenience
Q3) Communication in the brain is characterized by the transmission of information between A)schemes.
B)DNA.
C)genes.
D)neurons.
Q4) Which of the following is NOT one of the strategies mentioned in your text as a recommendation to caregivers to improve young children's eating behaviors?
A)eating on a predictable schedule
B)eating in front of the television
C)modeling eating healthy food
D)making mealtime a pleasant occasion
Q5) Describe iron deficiency anemia along with its causes and consequences.
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Chapter 9: Cognitive Development in Early Childhood
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Sample Questions
Q1) "That teddy bear is looking at me funny," said Vanessa.This statement is an example of A)animism.
B)centration.
C)self-concordance.
D)egocentrism.
Q2) When adults are working with young children,they often provide a lot of hints,assistance,instruction,and other support to help the children succeed.Then,as the children demonstrate that they can do more for themselves,the adults begin to withdraw their hints,assistance,and instruction.This shows that the adults are often aware of children's
A)zone of proximal development.
B)ability to engage in private speech.
C)level of metacognition.
D)range of cognitive evaluation.
Q3) Describe the child-centered kindergarten approach to education.
Q4) Describe the intuitive thought substage of the preoperational stage.
Q5) Describe the Montessori approach to education.
Q6) What is a developmentally appropriate practice (DAP)?
Q7) Describe the social constructivist approach.
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Chapter 10: Socioemotional Development in Early Childhood
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements reflects the views of Freud and Erikson regarding play?
A)Play helps the child master anxieties and conflicts.
B)Play advances children's cognitive development.
C)Imaginary play advances the child's creative thought.
D)Play is an important context for the development of language and communication skills.
Q2) What are the functions of a child's peer group?
Q3) Research conducted to study the effects of working parents on children consistently shows that children of working mothers are
A)likely to have significant adjustment problems.
B)likely to have academic problems and internalized problems such as anxiety and depression.
C)more likely to have egalitarian views and engage in less gender stereotyping.
D)more likely to associate with antisocial peers and have low self-esteem.
Q4) Authoritative parenting involves being both
A)accepting/responsive and demanding/controlling.
B)rejecting/unresponsive and demanding/controlling.
C)accepting/responsive and undemanding/uncontrolling.
D)rejecting/unresponsive and undemanding/uncontrolling.
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Chapter 11: Physical Development in Middle and Late Childhood
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Sample Questions
Q1) A major aspect of the 2004 reauthorization of IDEA involved aligning it with the government's ________ legislation,which was designed to improve the educational achievement of all students,including those with disabilities.
A)education in the least restrictive environment
B)No Child Left Behind (NCLB)
C)individualized education plan (IEP)
D)Public Law 94-142
Q2) Describe two speech disorders.
Q3) Approximately what percentage of adolescents who were diagnosed with ADHD in childhood still continue to experience ADHD symptoms?
A)25 percent
B)45 percent
C)70 percent
D)95 percent
Q4) Overweight children are at risk of which of the following diseases?
A)diabetes
B)myopia
C)pleurisy
D)marasmus
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Chapter 12: Cognitive Development in Middle in Late Childhood
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is TRUE with regard to learning a second language?
A)Adults make slower initial progress but their eventual success is greater than that of children.
B)Children's ability to pronounce a second language correctly increases with age.
C)The way children and adults learn a second language differs somewhat.
D)Bilingualism has detrimental effects on concept formation and cognitive flexibility.
Q2) What are the key changes that occur in children's vocabulary and grammar during middle and late childhood?
Q3) Which of the following theories,proposed by Robert J.Sternberg,describes three types of intelligence: analytical,creative,and practical?
A)triarchic theory of intelligence
B)sociocultural theory of intelligence
C)psychosocial theory of intelligence
D)developmental theory of intelligence
Q4) Describe the concept of intelligence quotient.
Q5) Describe the Wechsler scales.
Q6) What are the eight frames of mind discussed by Howard Gardner?
Page 14
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Chapter 13: Socioemotional Development in Middle in Late Childhood
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to William Damon,sharing in early elementary school years is characterized by
A)objective ideas of fairness.
B)a motivation to obey adult authority figures.
C)a sense of obligation.
D)children's sense of obligation to the community.
Q2) Briefly describe the role of parents as managers.
Q3) How does the development of self-understanding change from early childhood to middle and late childhood?
Q4) Distinguish between social conventional reasoning and moral reasoning.
Q5) A 10-year-old is most likely to describe himself by saying,
A)"I am ten,and I have a bicycle."
B)"I am ten,and I have red hair and brown eyes."
C)"I am nice and I have a close friend named Tom."
D)"I live in a big,red brick house."
Q6) In middle and late childhood,control of children is characterized by a(n)
A)increase in physical punishment.
B)increase in time spent under parental supervision.
Page 15
C)increase in coregulation of the child's activities.
D)major shift in autonomy from parent to child.
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Chapter 14: Physical Development in Adolescence
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Sample Questions
Q1) Eric recently introduced his partner,John,to his friends at a party.Though they were extremely happy together,John grew concerned that Eric often took ill,especially late into the night,and experienced no relief despite the medications for his persistent cough and frequent bouts of fever.John's fears grew even more intense when the doctor detected swollen lymph nodes and substantial weight loss in John.From the scenario,we can infer that Eric is likely suffering from A)genital warts.
B)gonorrhea.
C)syphilis.
D)AIDS.
Q2) The location where fibers connect the brain's left and right hemisphere is known as the A)optic chiasm.
B)hypothalamus.
C)amygdala.
D)corpus callosum.
Q3) Discuss the benefits and problems associated with early and late maturation for girls.
Q4) Explain the pattern of the pubertal growth spurt in boys and girls.
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Chapter 15: Cognitive Development in Adolescence
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Sample Questions
Q1) Khloe has not been getting along with her best friend.She writes down all the difficulties they have been having and tries to generate possible reasons for them.She then considers what she can do to deal with the problems,weighing the pros and cons of each possibility.Khloe is using which of the following to solve her problem?
A)idealistic scenario reasoning
B)concrete operational reasoning
C)adolescent-egocentric reasoning
D)hypothetical-deductive reasoning
Q2) What is the hidden curriculum?
Q3) The National Research Council (2004)recommended which of the following as a way to improve U.S.high schools?
A)Involve students in public health care.
B)Discourage students from taking on community service involvements.
C)Find ways to get students more engaged in learning.
D)Encourage students to focus on one extracurricular activity at a time.
Q4) What changes often occur in an adolescent's religious development?
Q5) What is character education?
Q6) What are the factors that provide a basis for improvement in critical thinking during adolescence?
Page 18
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Chapter 16: Socioemotional Development in Adolescence
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Sample Questions
Q1) Define a rite of passage.Give examples of any activities in the United States that might be considered rites of passage.What significance do rites of passage play in the United States?
Q2) Define and describe the concept of juvenile delinquent and the crimes that most often occur in juvenile delinquency.
Q3) List at least four factors related to adolescent depression.
Q4) How does the suicidal behavior of female adolescents differ from that of male adolescents?
Q5) Describe the effect of peer pressure on adolescents.
Q6) Marie and her parents frequently engage in prolonged,intense,repeated,and unhealthy conflict.They seem to fight about almost everything.Compared to other adolescents,Marie is
A)less likely to marry early.
B)more likely to drop out of school.
C)more likely to live at home beyond age 25.
D)less likely to abuse drugs.
Q7) According to Erik Erikson's theory,what are the consequences of an adolescent failing to resolve an identity crisis?
Q8) What are cliques?
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