Child and Family Studies
Exam Materials
Course Introduction
Child and Family Studies explores the dynamic interactions between children, their families, and the broader social environment. This course examines theories of child development, family systems, and the diverse cultural, social, and economic factors that shape family life. Students will learn about parenting styles, familial roles, and community resources that support children and families across the lifespan. Emphasis is placed on understanding how family structures and relationships impact child growth, well-being, and development, with consideration of contemporary challenges and policies affecting families.
Recommended Textbook
Child Development 1st canadian Edition by John W Santrock
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16 Chapters
1605 Verified Questions
1605 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Introduction
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146 Verified Questions
146 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Fifteen-year-old Reginald is enrolled in an algebra course and is doing very well in his assignments.According to Piaget,Reginald is in what stage of cognitive development?
A)sensorimotor
B)formal operational
C)concrete operational
D)preoperational
Answer: B
Q2) A developmental psychologist with a strong belief in the influence of nurture on social development would most likely explain a youngster's behavioural problem by saying,
A)"It's in his genes."
B)"He's just a late bloomer."
C)"He was raised by incompetent parents."
D)"He probably had a traumatic prenatal period."
Answer: C
Q3) List the five stages of childhood development.
Answer: Prenatal,infancy,early childhood,middle and late childhood,adolescence.
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3
Chapter 2: Biological Beginnings
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107 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What genetic disorder occurs only in females?
A)Down syndrome
B)Turner syndrome
C)XYY syndrome
D)Klinefelter syndrome
Answer: B
Q2) There is only one case in which a recessive gene exerts its influence.This is when
A)two genes of a pair are both recessive.
B)one gene is recessive and one is dominant.
C)two genes of a pair are both dominant.
D)None of these.
Answer: A
Q3) _________________ consists of all of the person's genetic material.
A)Genotype
B)Chromosome
C)Phenotype
D)None of these.
Answer: A
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4
Chapter 3: Prenatal Development and Birth
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123 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to research,some advantages of massage of preterm,low birth-weight children include
A)babies gain more weight than their counterparts.
B)infants' cognitive development accelerates.
C)infants perform lower on developmental tests.
D)infants stay in the hospital for a slightly longer period of time compared to their counterparts.
Answer: A
Q2) Brad is trying to be healthy before he and his wife conceive a child.Which one of the factors below should not be of concern to him?
A)exposure to lead
B)exposure to radiation
C)exposure to certain pesticides
D)living near a highway where there are car exhaust fumes
Answer: D
Q3) List the three periods of prenatal development.
Answer: germinal,embryonic,and fetal
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Chapter 4: Physical Development and Health
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Sample Questions
Q1) Newborns sleep _________ hours a day.
A)10 to 11
B)12 to 13
C)14 to 15
D)16 to 17
Q2) The average age of menarche,a girl's first menstruation,in Canada is approximately
A)10 years
B)12 ½ years
C)15 ½ years
D)18 years
Q3) In adolescents between 10 and 19 years of age,which one of the following is not a leading cause of death?
A)drug use
B)accidents
C)leukemia
D)cardiovascular disease
Q4) Compare the time spent in REM sleep of an adult to an infant.
Q5) Name the activities that help shape the infant brain's neural connections.
Q6) Compare and contrast cephalocaudal and proximodistal patterns of growth.
Page 6
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Chapter 5: Motor, Sensory, and Perceptual Development
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86 Verified Questions
86 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) When a child takes large steps that can exceed their leg length,it may mean they
A)have increased balance and strength.
B)are early risk takers.
C)have early signs of ADHD behaviour.
D)lack all sense of balance.
Q2) When sound waves produced by an animal excite receptors in 2-year-old Ben's ears,_______________ has occurred.When that sound is identified as being the "moo" of a cow,______________ has occurred.
A)sensation; perception
B)basic perception; intermodal perception
C)perception; sensation
D)reception; sensation
Q3) Sensation is to perception as A)vision is to hearing.
B)transmission is to interpretation.
C)dominant is to recessive.
D)gross motor is to fine motor.
Q4) Discuss the milestones in gross motor coordination in the first year of life and tell the sequence in which the baby will learn them.
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Chapter 6: Cognitive Developmental Approaches
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130 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) When being fed peas,3-month-old Teddy experiences unexpected pleasure when he accidentally spits them out of his mouth.Which subsequent reaction would demonstrate a primary circular reaction?
A)refusing to eat any more peas
B)spitting out the next mouthful of peas
C)laughing at his father who is feeding him
D)suppressing the spitting response and keeping the rest of his meal in his mouth
Q2) Which statement best exemplifies early formal operational thinking?
A)"Anything is possible."
B)"If at first you don't succeed, quit."
C)"The mind is like a blank slate."
D)"It's time to worry about death."
Q3) A scheme is best thought of as a A)behaviour.
B)symbolic image.
C)simple organized pattern of knowledge.
D)process of adjusting to new information.
Q4) Describe the zone of proximal development and one example of this form of learning.
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Chapter 7: Information Processing
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99 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Annette is a 4-year-old in preschool.What would you expect of her thinking about her own memory skills?
A)She is withdrawn because she is having trouble remembering the other children's names.
B)She understands that she may have false beliefs.
C)She believes that other children will beat her in a memory game.
D)None of these.
Q2) Which statement concerning habituation is false?
A)Habituation becomes more acute over the first 3 months.
B)It is critical that parents avoid tasks that lead to infant habituation.
C)Infants who have suffered birth trauma may have diminished habituation abilities.
D)Infants appear to be sensitive to habituation in all their sensory systems.
Q3) What type of memory is relatively permanent and unlimited?
A)Iconic
B)Sensory
C)Short-term
D)Long-term
Q4) Compare and contrast five areas of change in metacognition from childhood to adolescence.
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Chapter 8: Intelligence
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87 Verified Questions
87 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Intelligence can only be evaluated indirectly by:
A)studying the intelligent acts that people perform.
B)comparing the intelligent acts that people perform.
C)both of these.
D)none of these.
Q2) In order for intelligence tests to be effective,they should:
A)be used as the sole evaluation tool.
B)never be relied upon for results.
C)always be administered individually.
D)be used in conjunction with other information about the individual.
Q3) Brain imaging has shown higher intelligence is linked to:
A)brain size.
B)neurological function speed.
C)neural networks in frontal and parietal lobes.
D)all of these.
Q4) What did William Stern devise?
A)1912 scale
B)Developmental quotient
C)Intelligence quotient
D)Infant intelligence test
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Chapter 9: Language Development
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102 Verified Questions
102 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which word is least likely to be the first word uttered by an English-speaking infant?
A)Bye
B)Dog
C)Cry
D)Doll
Q2) Studies have shown that language is:
A)interesting but too confusing to learn.
B)highly ordered and organized.
C)highly unpredictable.
D)lacking in organization.
Q3) How many morphemes are in the word farmer?
A)1
B)2
C)3
D)4
Q4) Consider language development from birth through 2 years of age.Explain the process by using the major language milestones and ideas that support your responses.
Q5) Compare and contrast the semantics and pragmatics of language.
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Chapter 10: Emotional Development
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97 Verified Questions
97 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Concerning the basis of attachments,Bowlby is to Harlow as:
A)contact comfort is to love.
B)instinct is to contact comfort.
C)love is to oral satisfaction.
D)oral satisfaction is to instinct.
Q2) _____ is a close emotional bond between the infant and caregiver.
A)Empathy
B)Imprinting
C)Attachment
D)Synchrony
Q3) In an attachment experiment with surrogate "mothers" (Harlow,1958),the infant monkeys showed a preference for the _____ monkey.
A)wire
B)cloth
C)wood
D)plastic
Q4) Why is crying important in an infant's development? Explain the three types of cries.
Q5) Describe and provide one example of when an infant may use anticipatory smiling.
Q6) Compare and contrast the emotion-coaching and emotion-dismissing approaches.
Page 12
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Chapter 11: The Self and Identity
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Sample Questions
Q1) With regard to family influences on identity,when connectedness is strong and individuation is weak,adolescents often have what identity status?
A)foreclosure
B)diffusion
C)moratorium
D)achievement
Q2) Lena's father tells her,"Your grandmother was a minister,your mother was a minister,and you should be a minister." Without giving thought to her options,Lena agrees to be a minister.Concerning her career,Lena is in identity
A)diffusion.
B)foreclosure.
C)achievement.
D)moratorium.
Q3) Individuality consists of what two dimensions?
A)crisis and commitment
B)mutuality and permeability
C)personality and role experimentation
D)self-assertion and separateness
Q4) List the five forms of self-image with which an adolescent will relate.
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Chapter 12: Gender
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Sample Questions
Q1) Tim does not evaluate others in terms of "masculinity" or "femininity," but rather on the basis of who they are.His thinking exemplifies
A)gender identity.
B)androgyny.
C)sex-typing.
D)gender-role transcendence.
Q2) A mental organizational plan that categorizes behaviours on the basis of "male" or "female" is called a(n)_________ schema.
A)sex
B)gender
C)identity
D)androgyny
Q3) In terms of parental and family influences,when does the family start treating the child like a boy or a girl?
A)at birth
B)around 6-months old
C)around 1-year old
D)around 2-years old
Q4) When do children begin to engage in gender stereotyping?
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Chapter 13: Moral Development
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109 Verified Questions
109 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The social cognitive theory makes a distinction between
A)direct and indirect moral education.
B)autonomous and heteronomous morality.
C)moral competence and moral performance.
D)preconventional and conventional level of morality.
Q2) Classical psychoanalytic theory emphasizes the power of unconscious ___________ in moral development,but other theorists,such as Damon,emphasize the role of _________.
A)empathy; guilt
B)guilt; empathy
C)empathy; justification
D)justification; guilt
Q3) According to Freud,Louise conforms to the societal norms
A)out of fear.
B)to avoid guilt.
C)to resolve the Oedipus conflict.
D)to resolve sexual frustrations.
Q4) The social cognitive theory emphasizes a distinction between moral competence and moral performance.Elaborate on these two dimensions of the social cognitive theory and give an example of each.
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Chapter 14: Families
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Sample Questions
Q1) Identify three things that parents can do when their children argue and fight among themselves.
Q2) Lesbian mothers and gay fathers are increasingly choosing parenthood through A)adoption.
B)surrogates
C)donor insemination.
D)All of these.
Q3) A central role to understanding how family processes work is A)emotion.
B)cognition.
C)Neither of these.
D)Both of these.
Q4) As immigrants to Canada,ethnic minority children and their parents undergo varying degrees of __________,which refers to cultural changes that occur when one culture comes in contact with another.
A)accommodation
B)assimilation
C)adaptation
D)acculturation
Q5) Identify the pros and cons of coparenting.
Page 16
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Chapter 15: Peers
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78 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Bullies are a very troubled group.What might you expect in this group?
A)They display the highest level of conduct problems.
B)They display the highest level of school problems.
C)They display the highest level of relationship problems.
D)All of these.
Q2) The type of play that involves the repetition of behaviour when new skills are being learned is called _____ play.
A)social
B)pretend
C)practice
D)sensorimotor
Q3) Children's friendships serve the function of providing resources and assistance,which Gottman and Parker (1987)call:
A)companionship.
B)stimulation.
C)physical support.
D)ego support.
Q4) Peer influences are an important part of childhood development even with the positives and negatives involved.List the pros and cons of peer influences.
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Chapter 16: Schools and Technology
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements is not a good strategy for improving relationships among ethnically diverse students?
A)Turn the class into a jigsaw classroom.
B)Use technology to foster cooperation with students from around the world.
C)Encourage students to have positive personal contact with diverse other students.
D)Decrease the perspective taking and support negative thinking.
Q2) The ___________________________ approach is an educational program for young children that was developed in northern Italy.
A)Piagetian
B)Eriksonian
C)Reggio Emilia
D)Casa de Bambino
Q3) Which of the following is a component of a developmentally appropriate practice?
A)The teacher directs all activity, deciding what children will do and when.
B)Children work individually at desks most of the time and listen to the teacher's directions to the group.
C)The teacher spends considerable time enforcing rules.
D)Children are expected to be mentally and physically active.
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