Child and Adolescent Psychopathology
Exam Solutions
Course Introduction
Child and Adolescent Psychopathology explores the major psychological disorders and behavioral problems affecting children and adolescents, including their etiology, developmental trajectories, diagnostic criteria, and evidence-based interventions. The course examines the interplay of biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors in the development of psychopathology, while also considering the impact of family, peers, and broader environmental influences. Students will critically analyze current research and clinical approaches to mood and anxiety disorders, neurodevelopmental disorders, disruptive behavior disorders, and more, with an emphasis on early identification, assessment, prevention, and treatment strategies.
Recommended Textbook
Introduction to Abnormal Child and Adolescent Psychology 3rd Edition by Robert Weis
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16 Chapters
1265 Verified Questions
1265 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: The Science and Practice of Abnormal Child Psychology
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70 Verified Questions
70 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is NOT a common barrier to treatment for psychological disorders of childhood?
A) Families are unable to pay for evidence-based treatments.
B) Evidence-based treatment is not available in many communities.
C) Stigma prevents individuals from seeking treatment for mental disorders.
D) No evidence-based treatments have been identified for most childhood psychological disorders.
Answer: D
Q2) Which of the following is NOT represented in socioeconomic status (SES)?
A) parents' reputation in the community
B) parents' level of education
C) parents' employment
D) family income
Answer: A
Q3) Based on the best available data,20% of youth in the United States currently suffer from a mental or behavioral disorder.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Page 3
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Chapter 2: The Causes of Childhood Disorders: A Levels of Analysis Approach
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117 Verified Questions
117 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Andrea spits her food out all over the floor.Andrea's mother asks Andrea to pick it up.But instead,Andrea runs away to play with her dolls.Which of the following would be an example of negative reinforcement in this case?
A) Mom says, "your dolls wouldn't leave food on the floor!"
B) The mom, exasperated, cleans the floor herself.
C) The mom takes away the dolls because Andrea didn't listen.
D) The mom says in a threatening manner, "I'll tell your dad about this when he gets home."
Answer: B
Q2) The degree to which parents display warmth and acceptance toward their children,orient their behavior to meet their children's needs in a sensitive and responsive fashion,and engage their children through shared activities and positive emotions is referred to as ______.
A) parental responsiveness
B) parental demandingness
C) secure attachment
D) goodness-of-fit
Answer: A
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Chapter 3: Assessment and Diagnosis
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70 Verified Questions
70 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is true of the DSM and the ICD?
A) They had low agreement for all disorders in the former editions, but the new editions (DSM-5 and ICD-10) have high agreement for all disorders.
B) They had low agreement for all disorders in the former editions, and despite efforts by the creators of DSM-5, the agreement remains low.
C) The concordance between DSM-5 and ICD-11 is higher than in previous editions.
D) DSM-5 and ICD-11 are now in perfect agreement with respect to names of and criteria for disorders.
Answer: C
Q2) Which of the following is NOT true of stigma of mental illness?
A) It can lead to self-fulfilling prophecies.
B) It can cause a sense of shame or degradation that decreases self-esteem and lowers self-worth.
C) It has been shown to increase the likelihood that families will seek psychological services so they can have excuses for their children's poor behavior.
D) It can be exacerbated by the way the media covers those with mental illness.
Answer: C
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Page 5
Chapter 4: Treating Children, Adolescents, and Families
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70 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is NOT a true difference between child and adult psychotherapy?
A) Adults tend to have higher motivation for changing their behavior than children do.
B) Youths tend to show less psychological distress than adults.
C) Children cannot engage in all the same psychotherapies as adults because they may lack metacognition.
D) In child psychotherapy, the goal is usually symptom reduction.
Q2) Therapists are more likely to break confidentiality as the risk of harm increases. A)True
B)False
Q3) When weighting the effect sizes of studies with the number of participants in each study, ______.
A) psychotherapy in children is no longer found to be effective
B) psychotherapy in children is found to be even more highly effective.
C) the average effect size is in the "moderate" rather than the "small" range
D) the average effect size is in the "moderate" rather than the "large" range
Q4) Why is it important to weight effect sizes by the number of participants in each study?
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Page 6
Chapter 5: Intellectual Disability and Developmental
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79 Verified Questions
79 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is the most common cause of severe intellectual disability (ID)in girls?
A) Angelman syndrome
B) Rett syndrome
C) fetal alcohol syndrome
D) Down syndrome
Q2) What particular term is used to refer to the presence of mental disorders among individuals with intellectual disability (ID)?
A) comorbidity
B) dual diagnosis
C) diagnostic overshadowing
D) concomitant disorder
Q3) Heroin use in a pregnant mother is much more likely to result in intellectual disability in the child than alcohol use by a pregnant mother is.
A)True
B)False
Q4) What is the importance of the finding that different types of organic intellectual disability (ID)show particular characteristic patterns of cognitive and behavioral characteristics?
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Chapter 6: Autism Spectrum Disorder
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76 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is an example of echolalia?
A) The TV announcer says, "And now, time for sports." and Xavier says, "And now, time for sports."
B) Xavier spontaneously says to himself, "The big blue ball, the big blue ball" over and over again.
C) Xavier's mom says, "What would you like for dinner?" and Xavier says, "You would like chicken nuggets."
D) Xavier spends all day standing next to the canyon by his home yelling, "Echo, echo!"
Q2) How might mind-blindness explain some of the social deficits shown by children with autism spectrum disorder?
Q3) The prevalence of youth diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder has increased dramatically over the past 30 years.Give two hypotheses for this increased prevalence.
Q4) If a child does not engage in restricted,repetitive behaviors, he or she ______.
A) can still be diagnosed with ASD
B) cannot be diagnosed with any condition
C) can still be diagnosed with social (pragmatic) communication disorder
D) should be diagnosed with intellectual disability
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Chapter 7: Communication and Learning Disorders
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86 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is NOT one of the five sound problems common in kids with speech sound disorder?
A) sound reversal
B) lisp
C) sound omission
D) sound distortion
Q2) As described in the textbook,therapists treating the social and emotional consequences of stutterers might use all of the following EXCEPT ______.
A) martial arts training for mindfulness and to provide physical retaliation strategies against bullies
B) working with teachers to identify and help with situations in which the child is most often teased
C) teaching children to deal with teasing using humor in certain situations
D) providing children problem-solving skills, such as how to avoid fights with peers
Q3) Self-instruction involves a series of hints instead of a formal series of steps or a script.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 8: Attention-Deficithyperactivity Disorder
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71 Verified Questions
71 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The most commonly prescribed medications for ADHD fall into which two broad classes?
A) psychostimulants and antidepressants
B) psychostimulants and amphetamine
C) psychostimulants and methylphenidate
D) amphetamine and methylphenidate
Q2) Which of the following is true of sleep disorders in ADHD?
A) Dyssomnias, such as problems falling asleep, are typically only seen in youths with ADHD with hyperactive-impulsive symptoms.
B) Movement disorders associated with sleep, such as sleep talking or teeth grinding, account for the vast majority of the excess in sleep disorders between youths with ADHD and youths in the general population.
C) Parasomnias, such as night wakings, nightmares, or night terrors, occur about as frequently in youths with ADHD as in youths with other psychiatric disorders.
D) Sleep disorders are almost never seen in children with inattentive presentation of ADHD.
Q3) Would psychostimulants create any effect for those without ADHD? Why or why not?
Q4) What is the evidence that the dopamine system is involved in ADHD?
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Page 10
Chapter 9: Conduct Problems in Children and Adolescents
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76 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Using DSM-5 criteria,children can have both ODD and CD at the same time.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Teaching a child to ask,"What are all my possibilities?" is associated with improvement in which of the social processing steps?
A) interpreting cues
B) clarifying goals
C) generating possible plans for action
D) evaluating
Q3) Which of the following is true regarding the prevalence of conduct problems?
A) Boys are more likely than girls to have CD, but are equally likely as girls to have ODD.
B) Boys are more likely than girls to have ODD, but are equally likely as girls to have CD.
C) Boys are more likely than girls to have CD, and are more likely than girls to have ODD.
D) Boys and girls are equally likely to have CD, and are equally likely to have ODD.
Q4) How might academic underachievement perpetuate conduct problems?
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Chapter 10: Substance Use Disorders in Adolescents
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74 Verified Questions
74 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is NOT a component of the CRAFFT assessment for substance use disorder in adolescents?
A) Have you ever CONVINCED yourself that you need alcohol or drugs to get through the day?
B) Do you ever use alcohol or drugs while you are ALONE?
C) Do you ever FORGET things you did while using alcohol or drugs?
D) Have you ever gotten into TROUBLE while you were using alcohol or drugs?
Q2) Which of the following is NOT a cause of substance use disorder in the deviance-prone model?
A) low parental monitoring
B) early problems with neurobehavioral disinhibition
C) disruptive behavior and academic problems
D) peer rejection and affiliation with deviant peers
Q3) Relapse is ______.
A) relatively rare when youths have engaged in motivational enhancement therapy
B) relatively rare when youths have engaged in family therapy
C) relatively rare when youths have engaged in cognitive behavioral therapy
D) common, irrespective of the type of treatment
Q4) What is the role of expectations in the enhanced reinforcement pathway?
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Chapter 11: Anxiety Disorders and Obsessivecompulsive Disorder
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83 Verified Questions
83 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Mimi is trying to overcome her fear of flying.Which of the following treatment scenarios would be most consistent with an in vivo flooding with massed exposure approach?
A) first watching a video about an airport, then visiting an airport, then sitting on a small, nonmoving plane at an air and space museum, and finally boarding a plane without taking off before taking a very short airplane trip
B) thinking about how it would feel to fly
C) spending a few minutes every day relaxing while imagining flying in an airplane
D) booking a trip from New York to Australia and getting on the 18-hour flight
Q2) A primary theory of the persistence of worry,the cognitive avoidance theory,indicates that worry is which of the following?
A) positively reinforcing
B) negatively reinforcing
C) positively punishing
D) negatively punishing
Q3) In obsessive-compulsive disorder,how can obsessions occur without compulsions? How can compulsions occur without obsessions?
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Page 13
Chapter 12: Trauma-Related Disorders and Child
Maltreatment
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70 Verified Questions
70 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) A youth who has been subjected to sexual abuse is in treatment.In this part of treatment,her therapist is working on getting her to change her actions to change her mood.They've discovered that performing various stretches seems to reduce her negative emotions.In which treatment is she most likely participating?
A) trauma-focused CBT, phase one
B) trauma-focused CBT, phase two
C) trauma-focused CBT, phase three
D) cognitive restructuring
Q2) People need to show anxiety or distress during or immediately after the event in order to qualify for a diagnosis of PTSD.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Shaken baby syndrome is which of the following?
A) a severe form of physical abuse
B) a typical reaction to reactive attachment disorder
C) a typical cause of reactive attachment disorder
D) a mild type of injury that can result from repeated falls in infancy
Q4) What changes in institutions can result in lower rates of RAD and DSED in children?
Page 14
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Chapter 13: Depressive Disorders and Suicide
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91 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following diagnoses is NOT associated with an increased risk of suicide?
A) conduct disorder
B) persistent depressive disorder
C) bipolar disorder
D) obsessive compulsive disorder
Q2) How does parental attachment form a template for future relationships?
A) Children who receive intrusive care expect similar interactions with later individuals they will encounter.
B) Children who receive unresponsive care often seek responsiveness in others.
C) Children often believe they are incapable of engaging in interactions in ways other than the way their parents interacted with them.
D) Insecurely attached children often believe that the best possible romantic partner is the one who most resembles their parents' interaction style.
Q3) Automatic cognitions about threat and personal vulnerability are most common in depressed youths.
A)True
B)False
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Page 15
Chapter 14: Pediatric Bipolar Disorders and Schizophrenia
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Sample Questions
Q1) A person can be diagnosed with cyclothymia even if ______.
A) he or she has experienced a manic episode
B) he or she has experienced a major depressive episode
C) he or she has experienced a hypomanic episode
D) he or she experiences hypomanic and depressive symptoms without meeting full criteria for either a hypomanic or depressive episode
Q2) Children and adolescents with bipolar disorder with mixed features tend to have worse outcomes than those with bipolar disorder without the specifier.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Evidence for the premorbid stage of schizophrenia comes from all of the following sources EXCEPT ______.
A) parental retrospective report
B) blind coding of home movies
C) longitudinal studies
D) randomized, controlled trials
Q4) Bipolar I disorder and bipolar II disorder cannot be comorbid.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 15: Feeding and Eating Disorders
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Sample Questions
Q1) Describe how role disputes could contribute to the emergence of bulimia nervosa.
Q2) Teaching a child to suck on a pacifier instead of eating sand would be considered which of the following?
A) differential reinforcement of zero behavior
B) differential reinforcement of incompatible behavior
C) using a pica box
D) facial screening
Q3) Structural family therapy has been established as an efficacious treatment for anorexia nervosa.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa can be distinguished by whether someone fasts or purges.
A)True
B)False
Q5) It what ways might bingeing be reinforced?
Q6) Millie is a parent whose child has avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder.After the therapist explains the primary treatment of contingency management to her,she is concerned.She says,"That just seems cruel." How might you address Millie's concerns?
Page 17
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Chapter 16: Health-Related Disorders and Pediatric Psychology
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Sample Questions
Q1) Sleepwalking tends to occur during REM sleep.
A)True
B)False
Q2) If a child habituated to the urine alarm,______.
A) it would not have the intended effect
B) stopping urination would be overlearned and treatment could be halted
C) wearing the alarm would become part of the daily routine
D) it would be most effective
Q3) What does it mean for a child to be "incompletely awake," as is seen in sleep arousal disorders?
Q4) Gideon has been experiencing recurrent nightmares where a witch traps him in a castle and then puts a spell on him that turns him to dust.His therapist has him think about this dream during the day and come up with an alternate ending that is happier.Gideon decides that in the nightmare he could instead be a secret wizard who puts a spell back on the witch and turns her to dust instead.This technique is which of the following?
A) cognitive-behavioral therapy
B) nightmare imagery rehearsal therapy
C) social skills training
D) relaxation training
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