Child and Adolescent Psychology Exam Review
Course Introduction
Child and Adolescent Psychology explores the developmental processes from infancy through adolescence, examining the biological, cognitive, emotional, and social changes that occur during these critical periods. The course investigates key theories of development, the influence of family, peers, and culture, and the milestones associated with various age groups. Special attention is given to psychological assessment, common disorders encountered in childhood and adolescence, intervention strategies, and the ways in which factors such as genetics, environment, and life events shape mental health and behavior. This foundational understanding prepares students to recognize patterns of typical and atypical development and apply this knowledge in educational, clinical, or research settings.
Recommended Textbook
Introduction to Abnormal Child and Adolescent Psychology 3rd Edition by Robert Weis
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16 Chapters
1265 Verified Questions
1265 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/study-set/2318
Page 2
Chapter 1: The Science and Practice of Abnormal Child Psychology
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70 Verified Questions
70 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/46098
Sample Questions
Q1) Wakefield's (1992)concept of "harmful dysfunction" ______.
A) provides criteria for differentiating normal from abnormal behavior
B) requires all mental disorders to have an underlying biological cause
C) asserts that genetic and biological factors play a greater role in psychopathology than social-cultural factors
D) assumes that a biological or medical cause of a person's psychopathology has been ruled out before a psychiatric diagnosis is assigned
Answer: A
Q2) What does it mean for a behavior to be "adaptive"? Can a disruptive behavior ever be adaptive?
Answer: An adaptive behavior allows a child to develop social,emotional,and behavioral competence over time and meet the changing demands of the environment.However,adaptive behaviors are relative to the environmental context.The age of the child must be taken into account.We can also see that sometimes problematic behavior can result in an attempt to cope with a challenging environment (the book tells the story of Xavier who runs away from home overnight and earns low grades,attempting to escape physical maltreatment from home.That's not necessarily maladaptive considering his environment).
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Chapter 2: The Causes of Childhood Disorders: A Levels of Analysis Approach
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117 Verified Questions
117 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is true of conservation?
A) It is acquired during formal operations.
B) It concerns the world of abstraction and ideas.
C) It refers to the idea that though objects may change in appearance, their amount or quantity remains constant.
D) It cannot be acquired before age 7.
Answer: C
Q2) Temperament can be modulated by parents,something referred to as goodness-of-fit.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) One primary weakness of adoption studies is that the population of biological parents who place their children for adoption and the population of adoptive parents differ substantially from each other and from the general population.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Chapter 3: Assessment and Diagnosis
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70 Verified Questions
70 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is NOT a potential benefit of diagnosis in children?
A) prediction
B) planning treatment
C) focusing on individuals
D) facilitating scientific discovery
Answer: C
Q2) What is the goal of the Research Domain Criteria initiative?
A) to construct more accurate diagnostic criteria for the next edition of the DSM
B) to utilize psychotherapy (talking cures) to better address the treatment of the disorders in the DSM-5
C) to use genetic and biomedical research to identify the underlying causes of disorders in order to provide more effective treatments
D) to provide the most complete understanding of the prevalence of each disorder in the United States and abroad
Answer: C
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Chapter 4: Treating Children, Adolescents, and Families
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70 Verified Questions
70 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The text recommends that therapists can avoid conflicts of interest by asking which of the following questions?
A) What would a judge think of this arrangement?
B) Is my mentor aware of this relationship?
C) Who is my client?
D) When will this relationship end?
Q2) The type of therapy that addresses clients' problems at the symptom level is called ______.
A) behavior therapy
B) interpersonal therapy
C) psychodynamic therapy
D) cognitive therapy
Q3) H.M.was a famous subject who contributed a great deal to what we know about memory today.Due to a lesion in his medial temporal lobe he had profound anterograde amnesia-he could not make new memories.When seeing people he had met thousands of times before,it was,to him,like meeting them for the first time.Given this information and what you know about the requirements for consent,was H.M.able to provide consent for the many psychological experiments he participated in over the years?
Q4) What is the difference between cognitive bias and cognitive distortion?
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Chapter 5: Intellectual Disability and Developmental
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79 Verified Questions
79 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is true of the prevalence of intellectual disability (ID)?
A) Since a person's IQ is stable, someone diagnosed with ID in childhood always continues to qualify for a diagnosis later in life.
B) The prevalence of ID is 2.2% because that is the percentage of individuals who fall 2 standard deviations below the mean on the normal curve of IQ scores.
C) Screening adults for ID results in a much lower prevalence rate than screening school-age children.
D) ID occurs in equal rates in males and females.
Q2) Which of the following is NOT associated with Prader-Willi syndrome?
A) hoarding
B) physical outbursts
C) obsessions and compulsions
D) depression
Q3) For a behavior analyst,duration recording would be most useful ______.
A) in setting an operational definition of the problem behavior
B) for behaviors that occur frequently and have a clear beginning and ending
C) for behaviors that occur frequently without clear beginnings and endings
D) for behaviors that take a long time to resolve
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Chapter 6: Autism Spectrum Disorder
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76 Verified Questions
76 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is NOT a true difference between pivotal response training and discrete trial training?
A) Only pivotal response training is an early intensive behavioral intervention.
B) Only pivotal response training teaches parents behavioral techniques to improve their children's motivation and behaviors.
C) Only pivotal response training uses direct reinforcers.
D) Only discrete trial training requires that children successfully complete the desired behavior for a reward instead of merely attempt a behavior.
Q2) Which of the following disorders is most commonly comorbid with ASD?
A) ADHD
B) anxiety
C) obsessive-compulsive disorder
D) schizophrenia
Q3) How might mind-blindness explain some of the social deficits shown by children with autism spectrum disorder?
Q4) Can a child be diagnosed with ASD if he or she displays only marked deficits in social communication and hypersensitivity to sensory stimuli? Why or why not?
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8
Chapter 7: Communication and Learning Disorders
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86 Verified Questions
86 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Dolores is 4 and still has not acquired language.Which of the following is NOT a reason to consider an alternative to a language disorder diagnosis?
A) We don't know whether Dolores has intellectual disability.
B) We don't know whether Dolores has hearing loss.
C) Dolores is too young to be diagnosed.
D) We don't know if she appears healthy.
Q2) The benefits of self-regulated strategy development are ______.
A) specific to those with writing disabilities
B) specific to expository writing
C) attributed to the model planning and active engagement of students
D) not maintained over time
Q3) A 36-month-old of normal intelligence who produces only one-word phrases would be most likely to be diagnosed with which of the following?
A) specific language impairment
B) late language emergence
C) speech sound disorder
D) specific learning disorder
Q4) Describe how problems in auditory perception may result in language problems.
Q5) How might slow processing speed relate to challenges with reading comprehension?
Page 9
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Chapter 8: Attention-Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder
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71 Verified Questions
71 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Taken together,the findings regarding the effectiveness of various treatments for ADHD suggest which of the following?
A) Medication is an effective treatment; psychosocial therapy is not.
B) Both medications and psychosocial treatments are effective, but generally medication is more effective.
C) Both medications and psychosocial treatments are effective, but generally psychosocial treatment is more effective.
D) Behavior therapy is most effective when used after medication has been deemed ineffective for an individual.
Q2) The results of the Preschool ADHD Treatment Study (PATS)indicated which of the following?
A) Low doses of methylphenidate were most effective in treating ADHD.
B) Stimulants are not effective for treating preschoolers with ADHD.
C) Almost all preschoolers experienced complete remission of symptoms when treated with stimulants for ADHD.
D) Most children who took medication did not experience complete symptom remission and many experienced significant side effects.
Q3) Would psychostimulants create any effect for those without ADHD? Why or why not?
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10
Chapter 9: Conduct Problems in Children and Adolescents
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76 Verified Questions
76 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Mike is at a party where everyone is dancing close together.Another kid accidentally bumps into him,and Mike punches the kid.Mike's behavior is an example of ______.
A) proactive aggression
B) reactive aggression
C) rule violations
D) oppositional-defiant behavior
Q2) Childhood-onset CD is usually associated with worse outcomes than adolescent-onset CD.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Which class of conduct problems is covert and nondestructive?
A) property violations
B) aggression
C) rule violations
D) oppositional-defiant behavior
Q4) Provide an example of environmental structuring.
Q5) Describe the components of multisystemic therapy.
Q6) How might academic underachievement perpetuate conduct problems?
Q7) How does conduct disorder relate to psychopathy?
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Chapter 10: Substance Use Disorders in Adolescents
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74 Verified Questions
74 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) How does pharmacodynamic tolerance develop?
A) The most acute effect of alcohol occurs after the first few drinks in a day; because the liver can only process so much alcohol, these effects become less pronounced as more drinks are consumed.
B) Over sustained periods of using alcohol, the number or sensitivity of the neuroreceptors that respond to alcohol gradually decreases.
C) Sustained use of alcohol over months or years increases the sensitivity of GABA and dopamine receptors.
D) The amount of substance that can be used in a given period of time fluctuates based on circadian cycles and, in women, menstrual cycles.
Q2) What is considered a success for motivational enhancement therapy?
A) complete abstinence from substance use
B) a change in attitude toward substances, even if it doesn't result in a change in behavior
C) a reduction in problematic substance use that decreases risk or harm
D) an increase in prosocial relationships
Q3) What is the role of expectations in the enhanced reinforcement pathway?
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Page 12
Chapter 11: Anxiety Disorders and Obsessivecompulsive Disorder
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83 Verified Questions
83 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Sophia,a child with OCD,has an obsession that stepping on a crack will result in harm befalling her family members.If she does so by mistake,she has to walk in five circles.As part of her treatment,her therapist has her intentionally step on a crack and will not allow her to walk in five circles.What is this aspect of treatment called?
A) information gathering
B) exposure and response prevention
C) generalization
D) cognitive restructuring
Q2) What is interoceptive exposure? In what ways is it helpful to those with panic disorder?
Q3) Which of the following is a behavioral symptom of fear or anxiety?
A) avoidance
B) negative self-statements
C) increased heart rate
D) minimizing the ability to cope
Q4) All children have an attachment style.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Which medications are most commonly used to treat tic disorders and why?
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Chapter 12: Trauma-Related Disorders and Child
Maltreatment
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70 Verified Questions
70 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following individuals is statistically least likely to experience PTSD?
A) a child from a war-torn country
B) a child who has experienced years of physical abuse
C) a child who witnessed her mother beat her father at least weekly for years
D) a child who was caught in a building fire
Q2) A child whose aunts and uncles in a faraway city had had their home torn apart by a hurricane said,"I'm afraid that a hurricane will come and ruin our house too.Did you see the news with all the cats and dogs in the flood afterward? I don't want my dog to end up like that !" This is an example of which type of cognitive appraisal?
A) personalization
B) distancing
C) problem-focused
D) escape-avoidance
Q3) In what ways is attachment universal? In what ways is it not?
Q4) Children cannot be diagnosed with reactive attachment disorder if they have had appropriate care.
A)True
B)False
Page 14
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Chapter 13: Depressive Disorders and Suicide
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91 Verified Questions
91 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The results of the National Comorbidity Survey have indicated which of the following?
A) Many more youths plan suicide than actually attempt it.
B) About 10 times as many youths have suicidal ideation than actually plan suicide.
C) More youths attempt suicide than plan it because some youths attempt suicide without a plan.
D) The number of adolescents with a lifetime history of suicidal ideation is almost exactly the same as the number with a lifetime history of depression.
Q2) Which of the following is NOT a method to improve coping skills used in Stark's treatment for childhood depression?
A) providing alternative explanations for situations that have contributed to the child's negative mood
B) teaching relaxation exercises
C) asking the child to interview nondepressed peers to generate additional coping ideas
D) introducing pleasurable activities into the week that the child actively plans
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15
Chapter 14: Pediatric Bipolar Disorders and Schizophrenia
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79 Verified Questions
79 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following manic symptoms is LEAST useful in identifying bipolar disorder in children?
A) pressured speech
B) grandiosity
C) decreased need for sleep
D) involvement in high-risk sexual activity
Q2) Alyssa is suspected of having bipolar disorder She's experiencing grandiosity,flight of ideas,and psychomotor agitation.She could be diagnosed with bipolar I disorder only if she also experienced which of the following?
A) irritability
B) changes in mood and energy
C) pressured speech and decreased need for sleep
D) excessive involvement in activities with a high potential for painful consequences and distractibility
Q3) Most adults with bipolar disorders report that their symptoms began in childhood or adolescence.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Explain the neurodevelopmental model for schizophrenia.
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Chapter 15: Feeding and Eating Disorders
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83 Verified Questions
83 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Gina,age 4,will eat only yellow and white foods.She refuses all others.Which of the following is true of Gina?
A) She can be diagnosed with ARFID.
B) She has the posttraumatic feeding version of ARFID.
C) She can only be diagnosed with ARFID if her nutrition or family relationships are significantly affected by her strange eating habits.
D) She can only be diagnosed with ARFID if this behavior has persisted for more than 1 year.
Q2) Which of the following best describes the current understanding of the relationship between pubertal timing and eating disorders?
A) Girls who experience eating disorders at the onset of puberty are trying to regain their prepubescent body, which is closer to the Western female beauty ideal.
B) Girls who hit puberty earlier than their peers are at particular risk for eating disorders.
C) Puberty tends to cause eating problems or eating disorders.
D) Puberty may be a time of greater risk, even if it is not a cause of eating disorders.
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17
Chapter 16: Health-Related Disorders and Pediatric Psychology
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70 Verified Questions
70 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is NOT typically one of the challenges associated with adherence in diabetes?
A) frequent needle pricks necessary for blood sugar monitoring
B) embarrassment about the condition
C) resentment of having to restrict diet
D) inability to actively play
Q2) Pediatric psychologists often recommend that parents of children with diabetes use operant conditioning to increase children's adherence to a treatment regimen.Which of the following is LEAST likely to be recommended as part of parent's roles?
A) reminding children repeatedly what they need to do
B) awarding children points when they correctly record information, and bonus points for doing it with only a little prompting or complaining
C) removing chores when children have been compliant
D) penalizing children by removing points when they do not comply with the doctor's orders
Q3) Encopresis entails passing feces at inappropriate times or places.This seems to be the opposite of constipation,so how is it thought that constipation results in encopretic behavior?
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