Child and Adolescent Development Review Questions
Course Introduction
Child and Adolescent Development examines the key physical, cognitive, emotional, and social changes that occur from infancy through adolescence. The course explores major developmental theories, including those of Piaget, Erikson, and Vygotsky, and examines how biological, family, cultural, and environmental factors shape growth at each stage. Students gain insight into typical and atypical development, learn to recognize milestones and challenges, and consider implications for education and intervention. Real-world applications and observational activities are integrated to help students connect theory to practice, making the course essential for those planning careers in education, psychology, social work, or related fields.
Recommended Textbook Essentials of Life Span Development 4th Edition by John W. Santrock
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17 Chapters
2556 Verified Questions
2556 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Introduction
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168 Verified Questions
168 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/61030
Sample Questions
Q1) A researcher is interested in the effect of exercise on stamina in elderly patients.The patients are randomly assigned to be in a high-exercise or low-exercise training program for eight weeks.At the end of the program,their stamina is measured by seeing how long they can walk comfortably on a treadmill.In this study,the dependent variable is:
A)the number of minutes on the treadmill.
B)the exercise program (high versus low).
C)the number of elderly patients.
D)the eight-week duration of the exercise program.
Answer: A
Q2) Dr.Perkins predicts that children who spend years playing a musical instrument are smarter than children who do not play music.This testable prediction is known as a(n): A)hypothesis.
B)classification.
C)variable.
D)axiom.
Answer: A
Q3) This theorist proposed eight psychosocial stages of development.
Answer: Erik Erikson
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Page 3
Chapter 2: Biological Beginnings
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177 Verified Questions
177 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is a small molecule that would be able to pass through the placental wall?
A)Red blood cells
B)Carbon dioxide
C)Hormones
D)Maternal wastes
Answer: B
Q2) Amniocentesis is typically performed between:
A)the 2<sup>nd</sup> and 4<sup>th</sup> weeks of pregnancy.
B)the 8<sup>th</sup> and 12<sup>th</sup> weeks of pregnancy.
C)the 15<sup>th</sup> and 18<sup>th</sup> weeks of pregnancy.
D)the 25<sup>th</sup> and 28<sup>th</sup> weeks of pregnancy.
Answer: C
Q3) Which maternal age group has increased risk of low birth weight,preterm delivery,and fetal death?
A)Eighteen years or younger
B)Between 18 and 25 years
C)Between 19 and 30 years
D)Thirty-five years and older
Answer: D
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Chapter 3: Physical and Cognitive Development in Infancy
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169 Verified Questions
169 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) This linguist proposed that humans are biologically prewired to learn language.He/she proposed that infants are born into the world with a language acquisition device that enables the child to detect certain features and rules of language.
Answer: Noam Chomsky
Q2) Children who grow up in a deprived environment are likely to show:
A)depressed brain activity.
B)active neural development.
C)accerlated development of the forebrain.
D)better decision-making skills in middle childhood.
Answer: A
Q3) According to your text,infants' information-processing abilities:
A)develop much more rapidly than was originally believed.
B)develop more gradually and continuously than was originally believed.
C)develop in parallel with their emotional advances.
D)develop fully in the first six months of life.
Answer: B
Q4) The part of the neuron that carries signals away from the cell body.
Answer: Axon
Q5) A nerve cell that handles information processing in the brain.
Answer: Neuron
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Chapter 4: Socioemotional Development in Infancy
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165 Verified Questions
165 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The most frequent expression of an infant's fear involves:
A)fear of heights.
B)separation protest.
C)stranger anxiety.
D)ostracism fear.
Q2) Austin is in the Strange Situation and shows strong patterns of avoidance and resistance.He also displays extreme fearfulness around the caregiver.He would be classified as:
A)insecure resistant.
B)insecure avoidant.
C)securely attached.
D)insecure disorganized.
Q3) The research on fathers as caregivers indicates that fathers:
A)are less able to be nurturing caregivers than mothers.
B)are biologically more suited for a nurturing caregiver role than are mothers.
C)interact with their babies in different ways,depending on whether they are the primary caregiver.
D)interact with their babies in different ways than mothers do,regardless of which parent is the primary caregiver.
Q4) Briefly describe the four phases of attachment as identified by John Bowlby.
Page 6
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Chapter 5: Physical and Cognitive Development in Early Childhood
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161 Verified Questions
161 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following refers to teachers' adjustment of their level of support and guidance to the level of skill of the student?
A)Accommodation
B)Regulation
C)Scaffolding
D)Assimilation
Q2) Which of the following BEST describes the relation between centration and conservation?
A)Conservation requires centration.
B)Centration is due to lack of conservation.
C)Centration is reflected in lack of conservation.
D)Conservation is independent of centration.
Q3) Children exposed to tobacco smoke in the home are more likely to develop _____ than are children in homes where no one smokes.
A)tuberculosis
B)emphysema and hacking cough
C)chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
D)wheezing and asthma
Q4) Describe two reasons for developmental changes in memory span.
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Chapter 6: Socioemotional Development in Early Childhood
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169 Verified Questions
169 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to Freud,preschool boys develop a sexual attraction to the opposite-sex parent in a process called the:
A)Oedipus complex.
B)Electra complex.
C)Pygmalion effect.
D)Golem effect.
Q2) According to Baumrind,a parent who is very uninvolved in a child's life,showing neither responsiveness nor control,is displaying a(n)_____ parenting style.
A)authoritarian
B)authoritative
C)indulgent
D)neglectful
Q3) _____ especially plays a key role in children's ability to manage the demands and conflicts they face in interacting with others.It is an important component of executive function.
A)Moral integrity
B)Emotion regulation
C)Moral development
D)Independence
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Chapter 7: Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle and Late Childhood
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167 Verified Questions
167 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) .Discuss height and weight changes that take place during middle and late childhood.
Q2) Sadie has a learning disability and is being educated in the least restrictive environment possible.This means that Sadie:
A)is given great freedom and few rules.
B)is placed in as regular a classroom as possible.
C)has significant input into developing her educational goals.
D)spends part of her time in a regular classroom and part of her time in a special education classroom.
Q3) Megan,8,has a test tomorrow."It's an easy test," she tells her mother."I just have to recognize a bunch of stuff on a chart.I finished studying for it yesterday." Megan is exhibiting her:
A)brainstorming ability.
B)creative thinking.
C)metamemory.
D)metadata.
Q4) .The concept that a child with a disability must be educated in a setting that is as similar as possible to settings of children who do not have disabilities.
Page 9
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Chapter 8: Socioemotional Development in Middle and Late Childhood
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154 Verified Questions
154 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Chinese-American immigrant children who have been exposed to authoritarian parenting show all of the following characteristics EXCEPT:
A)High self-esteem
B)Aggressive behavior
C)Depression
D)Poor social skills
Q2) The major shift to autonomy does not occur until about age _____ or later.
A)9
B)16
C)12
D)5
Q3) Clarissa thinks that people should be nice to others so that others are nice to them.According to Kohlberg's theory of moral development,which stage is Clarissa currently in?
A)Individualism,instrumental purpose,and exchange
B)Social contract or utility and individual rights
C)Punishment and obedience orientation
D)Social systems morality
Q4) How do schools in low-income areas compare with those in high-income areas?
Q5) Distinguish between self-esteem and self-concept.
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Chapter 9: Physical and Cognitive Development in Adolescence
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157 Verified Questions
157 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) In terms of developing their sexual identities,gay and lesbian adolescents:
A)always know from early childhood that they are homosexual.
B)don't realize the same-sex attractions until early adulthood.
C)often have bisexual attractions.
D)never develop attractions for the opposite sex.
Q2) Anorexia nervosa is about _____ likely to occur in females than males.
A)twice more
B)10 times more
C)half as
D)three times more
Q3) Anorexia and bulimia nervosa affect:
A)men and women equally.
B)men more than women.
C)women more than men.
D)women more than older men,but less than younger men.
Q4) According to your text,which couple is LEAST likely to use a contraceptive?
A)Jane,age 18; Marlon,age 18
B)Jill,age 17; Mikel,age 19
C)Jasmine,age 14; Marcello,age 19
D)Jacquelyn,age 15; Marshall,age 16
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Chapter 10: Socioemotional Development in Adolescence
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160 Verified Questions
160 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements about autonomy-granting in adolescence is TRUE?
A)Boys are given more independence than girls.
B)Girls and boys are given equal autonomy during adolescence.
C)Girls are given more independence than boys.
D)Girls and boys are hardly given any autonomy during adolescence.
Q2) In terms of juvenile delinquency,which of the following is TRUE?
A)Psychologists recommend treating anyone under the age of 17 as children in regards to criminal law.
B)Psychologists recommend children age 12 and up be treated as adults under criminal law.
C)Psychologists recommend that anyone 17 or older should be treated as an adult under criminal law.
D)Psychologists have not formed an opinion regarding youths ages 13 to 16.
Q3) At which grade level does conformity to peers peak?
A)Sixth and seventh grades
B)Eighth and ninth grades
C)Tenth and eleventh grades
D)Twelfth grade
Q4) A personal investment in identity.
Page 12
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Chapter 11: Physical and Cognitive Development in Early
Adulthood
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138 Verified Questions
138 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is the average age of marriage for males in the United States?
A)30
B)28
C)26
D)25
Q2) Which of the following is included in the patterns of heterosexual behavior for males and females in emerging adulthood?
A)Emerging adults are less likely than young adults to have had sexual intercourse with two or more individuals.
B)Males report being more selective about their sexual partners than females.
C)Casual sex is more common in emerging adulthood than in young adulthood.
D)Emerging adults have sex more frequently than young adults.
Q3) What is postformal thought like in practice?
Q4) Diseases that are primarily contracted through sex.
Q5) Alonzo is unemployed.According to your text,he is at risk for A)cardiovascular disease.
B)a raise.
C)improved self-esteem.
D)Alzheimer disease.
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Chapter 12: Socioemotional Development in Early
Adulthood
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124 Verified Questions
124 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/61019
Sample Questions
Q1) Describe the different communication styles identified by Deborah Tannen and describe the gender differences in their usage.
Q2) According to Tannen,women enjoy _____ talk more than _____ talk.
A)rapport; report
B)informational; interactive
C)factual; emotional
D)public; private
Q3) Which country listed has the lowest percentage of individuals adopting a single lifestyle?
A)United States
B)Great Britain
C)Germany
D)Japan
Q4) This theorist has been studying married couples' lives since the 1970s and has found that seven main principles determine whether a marriage will work.
Q5) Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of being single in early adulthood.
Q6) According to the triarchic theory of love,this type of love includes passion and commitment,but does not include (or is low on)intimacy.
Page 14
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Chapter 13: Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle
Adulthood
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124 Verified Questions
124 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/61018
Sample Questions
Q1) Individuals who had a high level of allostatic load (wearing down of the body's systems in response to high stress levels)exhibited difficulties in:
A)breathing.
B)episodic memory.
C)running.
D)consolidation of long-term memories.
Q2) Which of the following is TRUE about Austrian psychiatrist Viktor Frankl?
A)He argued that examining the finiteness of our existence and the certainty of death adds meaning to life.
B)He said that the two most distinct human qualities are religiousness and philanthropy.
C)Spirituality,in his view,has a religious underpinning.
D)According to him,freedom refers to a human being's uniqueness of spirit,philosophy,and mind.
Q3) Which of the following statements about bone and joint functioning is TRUE?
A)Peak functioning of the body's joints usually occurs in the thirties.
B)By the end of midlife,bones break more easily and heal more slowly.
C)Maximum bone density occurs by the mid- to late twenties.
D)The rate of bone density loss decelerates in the fifties.
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Chapter 14: Socioemotional Development in Middle
Adulthood
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126 Verified Questions
126 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/61017
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements about the empty nest syndrome is TRUE?
A)Parents who live vicariously through their children do not experience it.
B)It is more common for middle-aged men than for middle-aged women.
C)It is a common,though minor,problem for most middle-aged adults.
D)It involves a decline in marital satisfaction after children leave the home.
Q2) Describe gender differences in response to stress.
Q3) Vaillant's research showed that at age 50,the best predictors of who would be dead at 75 to 80 years of age were:
A)chronic depression and cardiovascular disease.
B)diabetes and depression.
C)alcohol abuse and smoking.
D)smoking and obesity.
Q4) In terms of stability and change in personality,the greatest change is likely to occur in:
A)adolescence.
B)early adulthood.
C)middle adulthood.
D)late adulthood.
Page 16
Q5) These theorists studied adult personality by examining stability and change in the Big Five factors of personality.
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Chapter 15: Physical and Cognitive Development in Late
Adulthood
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163 Verified Questions
163 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) _____ attention is focused and extended engagement with an object,task,event,or some other aspect of the environment.
A)Selective
B)Sustained
C)Divided
D)Executive
Q2) Recent studies have focused on the role amyloid plaques,tau,and oxidative stress play in _____ disease.
A)Alzheimer
B)Parkinson
C)Tay-Sachs
D)Huntington
Q3) A recent study found that older adults with _____ levels of education had better cognitive functioning.
A)higher
B)lower
C)private
D)public
Q4) How does executive functioning change in late adulthood?
Page 17
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Chapter 16: Socioemotional Development in Late
Adulthood
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116 Verified Questions
116 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) When working with older clients,some clinicians use _____ therapy.Vanda is in one such therapy program and her clinician has her discussing past activities and experiences with other individuals in her group.
A)Gestalt
B)reminiscence
C)schema
D)drama
Q2) A low level of social integration is linked with:
A)an improved sense of well-being among older adults.
B)a more peaceful life for older adults.
C)poorer health and earlier death in older adults.
D)a more active lifestyle.
Q3) According to the socioemotional selectivity theory,the trajectory of motivation for knowledge-related goals peaks in:
A)middle and late adulthood.
B)adolescence and early adulthood.
C)early childhood.
D)infancy.
Q4) Describe the selective optimization with compensation model.
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Chapter 17: Death, Dying, and Grieving
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118 Verified Questions
118 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/61014
Sample Questions
Q1) Elisabeth Kübler-Ross believed that when a person is dying of a terminal illness,depression is:
A)a temporary phase that friends and family should help the person through as quickly as possible.
B)the first phase a person goes through when he or she learns that death is imminent.
C)part of the normal process of detaching the self from love objects.
D)an uncommon reaction that signals that the person needs professional counseling to cope with death.
Q2) In the United States today,more than 80 percent of all deaths occur:
A)due to motor vehicle accidents.
B)due to infectious diseases.
C)at home.
D)in institutions or hospitals.
Q3) Which of the following is Kübler-Ross' third stage of dying?
A)Denial and isolation
B)Acceptance
C)Bargaining
D)Anger
Q4) Define grief and discuss its major dimensions.
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