Chemistry for Non-Science Majors
Exam Answer Key
Course Introduction
Chemistry for Non-Science Majors is an introductory course designed to make the fundamental principles of chemistry accessible to students without a strong background in the sciences. The course explores the basic concepts of chemistry, including atomic structure, chemical bonding, reactions, states of matter, and the role of chemistry in everyday life. Emphasis is placed on practical applications of chemistry to real-world issues such as environmental concerns, health, and technology. Through lectures, demonstrations, and simple experiments, students develop an appreciation for the impact of chemistry on society and acquire scientific literacy relevant to their daily lives.
Recommended Textbook
CHEM2 Chemistry in Your World 2nd Edition by Hogg
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19 Chapters
1151 Verified Questions
1151 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: Living in a World of Chemistry
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is the term applied to scientific research that has no immediate, practical goal?
A)basic research
B)applied research
C)natural science
D)social science
E)technology
Answer: A
Q2) Which of the following are linked to the release of CFCs?
A) "ozone holes" in the stratosphere
B) increased air pollution
C) drinking water pollution
D) increased food spoilage
Answer: A
Q3) The American perception of "It can't happen to me." or "It can't happen here." changed in 2001.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Chapter 2: The Chemical View of Matter
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Sample Questions
Q1) A pure substance which can be decomposed into two or more pure substances is called a mixture.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) The quantity 10<sup>-9</sup> (one billionth) is designated by the prefix A) pico.
B) nano.
C) centi.
D) mega.
Answer: B
Q3) Glucose has the chemical formula C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>12</sub>O<sub>6</sub>. In one molecule of glucose there are 24 atoms.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q4) There are ____________mg in exactly 10g.
Answer: 10,000 10000 10<sup>4</sup>
Page 4
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Chapter 3: Atoms and the Periodic Table
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Sample Questions
Q1) The periodic table is helpful in all the following endeavors but one. Which is the exception?
A) predicting the number of isotopes of elements
B) predicting chemical reactivity of elements
C) predicting physical properties of elements
D) predicting formula of compounds
Answer: A
Q2) John Dalton did his research work in which of the following countries?
A) France
B) Greece
C) Russia
D) England
Answer: D
Q3) Which of the following halogens has the smallest atomic radius?
A) iodine
B) fluorine
C) bromine
D) chlorine
Answer: B
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Page 5
Chapter 4: The Air We Breathe
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Sample Questions
Q1) A secondary pollutant
A) is less destructive than a primary pollutant.
B) causes destruction on buildings but not on human beings.
C) is produced by chemical reactions in the air.
D) has a shorter lifetime in the atmosphere than that of a primary pollutant.
Q2) Identify the type of pollution that is referred to as anthropogenic pollution.
A) volcanic eruption
B) forest fire
C) nuclear reactor
D) vents in Yellowstone
Q3) Identify the pair that are allotropes.
A) pencil lead and a diamond
B) oxygen gas and nitrogen gas
C) gold and silver
D) mercury and bromine
Q4) Which atmospheric region contains the protective ozone layer?
A) troposphere
B) mesophere
C) stratosphere
D) thermosphere
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Chapter 5: Chemical Bonding and States of Matter
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Sample Questions
Q1) The normal boiling point of water is
A) what you measure in a laboratory.
B) independent of atmospheric pressure.
C) the one measured at 760 mm pressure (1 atm).
D) 273 K.
Q2) Positive ions are smaller than the atoms for which they form.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Which process occurs when water droplets form on the outside of a glass of ice water?
A)boiling
B)melting
C)condensation
D)sublimation
E)Melting
F)freezing
Q4) If X was the element K and Y the element O, which type of bond would form?
Q5) The total number of single bonds in hexane is__________.
Q6) Which type of bond would be found in hydrochloric acid, HCl?
Q7) Which bond type would represent that found in I<sub>2</sub>?
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Chapter 6: Carbon Dioxide and the Greenhouse Effect
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which arrow or sets of arrows represent the natural greenhouse effect?
A)A
B)B
C)C
D)D
Q2) The following correctly ranks the forms of electromagnetic radiation in order of increasing energy (smallest to largest).
UV < Visible < IR
A)True
B)False
Q3) What substance naturally found in the atmosphere seems to be increasing in concentration over the years?
A) oxygen
B) nitrogen
C) carbon dioxide
D) carbon monoxide
Q4) The gas that is the least efficient in absorbing IR radiation is _________.
Q5) The concentration of O<sub>3</sub> given in the table is equivalent to ________ppb.
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Chapter 7: Chlorofluorocarbons and the Ozone Layer
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Sample Questions
Q1) Why are scientists worried about the ozone hole?
A) increase in skin cancer
B) increase in plant growth
C) decrease in ocean temperature
D) all of the above
Q2) Which of the following explains why CFCs are not removed from the atmosphere by rainout?
A) CFCs are not water soluble.
B) CRCs are chemically inactive in the troposphere.
C) UV radiation removes them more quickly.
D) This is due to both their chemical stability and solubility in water.
Q3) What does the Chapman cycle illustrate?
A) the formation and destruction of water
B) the formation and destruction of carbon dioxide
C) the formation and destruction of nitrogen dioxide
D) the formation and destruction of ozone
Q4) A reaction that would serve to decrease the amount of oxygen is reaction
Q5) The reaction that is identical to a reaction in the cycle by which CFCs destroy ozone is reaction________.
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Chapter 8: Chemical Reactivity: Chemicals in Action
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Sample Questions
Q1) The products of the reaction are presented by the letter________.
Q2) Le Châtelier's principle says
A) equilibrium mixtures are changed only when reactants are added.
B) equilibrium mixtures will change to form more products when a reactant is added. C) the balance between reactants and products is not altered by changing the product concentration.
D) equilibrium mixtures will not change when a stress is placed on the system.
Q3) Consider the following two statements. "Energy can be converted from one form to another but cannot be destroyed nor created." "The total amount of matter and energy in the universe is constant." Both of these are included in the first law of thermodynamics. A)True
B)False
Q4) If a catalyst were added to this reaction, the position of letter ______ would appear lower on the energy scale.
Q5) The molar mass of sulfur trioxide is ________g.
Q6) E<sub>reaction</sub> is represented by the letter ________.
Page 10
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Chapter 9: Acid-Base Reactions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which common substance would have a pH less than 7?
A) milk of magnesia
B) wine
C) borax solution
D) bleach
Q2) In an acidic solution,
A) [H<sub>3</sub>O<sup>+</sup>] is greater than [OH<sup>-</sup>].
B) [H<sub>3</sub>O<sup>+</sup>] equals [OH<sup>-</sup>].
C) [OH<sup>-</sup>] is greater than [H<sub>3</sub>O<sup>+</sup>].
D) none of these
Q3) The symbol, M, related to concentration of solution, refers to
A) much meaning a very concentrated solution.
B) molal concentration.
C) moles of solute dissolved in one liter of solution.
D) mixed meaning the solution has been stirred well.
Q4) Which of the following indicates a basic solution?
A) pH = 7
B) pH < 7
C) pH = 11
D) pH = 0
Page 11
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Chapter 10: Oxidation-Reduction Reactions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is a free radical?
A) SO<sub>2</sub>
B) SO<sub>3</sub>
C) NO
D) N<sub>2</sub>O
Q2) Vitamin C and beta-carotene are antioxidants found currently in vitamin supplements.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The electrons flow from electrode _____ to electrode _____.
Q4) Which of the following is not necessary for corrosion of iron?
A) iron
B) water
C) light
D) oxygen
Q5) Free radicals which are also oxidizing agents do not occur naturally in the human body.
A)True
B)False
Q6) Oxidation occurs in compartment _____.
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Chapter 11: Water, Water Everywhere but Not a Drop to Drink
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Sample Questions
Q1) If a sample of tap water has the smell of rotten eggs, which substance is likely present?
A) chlorine
B) hydrogen sulfide
C) algae
D) copper
Q2) Which ions are associated with hard water?
A) Na<sup>+</sup> and NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>
B) Mg<sup>2+</sup> and Ca<sup>2+</sup>
C) K<sup>+</sup> and Cl<sup>-</sup>
D) Pb<sup>2+</sup> and Zn<sup>2+</sup>
Q3) What physical state is water found under normal conditions that exist on Earth?
A) solid
B) liquid
C) gas
D) all the above
Q4) Precipitation with a pH of 8.0 would classify as acid rain.
A)True
B)False
Q5) The source of water for "G" is region labeled by the letter_____.
Page 13
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Chapter 12: Energy and Hydrocarbons
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Sample Questions
Q1) The number of carbon to hydrogen single bonds that are broken is_______.
Q2) In the balanced equation for the combustion of one mole of ethanol, the coefficient of water is _____.
Q3) The purpose of coal gasification is to
A) pressurize coal so the coal will be compact.
B) produce a relatively clean burning, gaseous fuel.
C) make more consumer products from coal.
D) put railroads out of business.
Q4) At current usage rates, world reserves of which fuel below are estimated to last for the least number of years?
A) natural gas
B) hydrogen
C) petroleum
D) coal
Q5) Which hydrocarbon would be isolated at the top of a fractionation column?
A) C<sub>5</sub>H<sub>12</sub>
B) C<sub>10</sub>H<sub>22</sub>
C) C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>8</sub>
D) C<sub>18</sub>H<sub>36</sub>
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Chapter 13: Nuclear Changes and Nuclear Power
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is the process in which neutrons from one fission reaction can cause multiple fission reactions in nearby nuclei?
A) critical mass
B) radiocarbon dating
C) chain reaction
D) binding energy
Q2) The half-life of element X is _____hours.
Q3) What type of particle is emitted when a Po-210 decays to Pb-206?
A) alpha particle
B) beta particle
C) neutron
D) helium nuclei
E) either a or d
Q4) Who first discovered radioactivity?
A) Ernest Rutherford
B) Max Planck
C) Marie Curie
D) Henri Becquerel
Q5) If a 500. mg sample of element X had been used, _____mg would remain after 60 hours.
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Chapter 14: Organic Chemicals and Polymers
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Sample Questions
Q1) Ethylene glycol, a dialcohol, is the main ingredient in
A) tobacco humectants.
B) antifreeze.
C) denaturated alcohol.
D) gasohol.
Q2) Which of the following contains a carbonyl group?
A) alkanes
B) alcohols
C) ketones
D) ethers
Q3) Which type of polyethylene has the greatest amount of branched chains?
A) LDPE
B) HDPE
C) CLPE
D) none have any branches
Q4) Which of the following does not contain oxygen?
A) alkanes
B) alcohols
C) ketones
D) esters
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Chapter 15: The Chemistry of Life
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Sample Questions
Q1) Base pairing between the two strands of DNA occurs by means of A) hydrogen bonding.
B) coordinate covalent bonds.
C) ionic bonds.
D) disufide bonds.
Q2) Glucose and sucrose are two of the most common monosaccharides.
A)True
B)False
Q3) A condition of lactose intolerance means an individual
A) has insufficient lactose in the diet.
B) must have a diet high in milk products.
C) has a stomach pH greater than seven.
D) lacks the enzyme lactase.
Q4) Which polysaccharide is the most abundant organic molecule on earth?
A) cellulose
B) starch
C) amylose
D) glycogen
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Chapter 16: Nutrition: the Basis of Healthy Living
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which vitamin is most easily destroyed or removed by food processing that involve freezing?
A) vitamin F
B) vitamin E
C) vitamin D
D) vitamin B
Q2) Na<sup>+</sup>, K<sup>+</sup>, and Cl<sup>-</sup> are the most important ions regulating the electrolyte balance in body fluids.
A)True
B)False
Q3) What do antioxidants react with in foods?
A) water
B) microorganisms
C) free radicals
D) colors that cause cancer
Q4) The substance below the heavy line on nutritional labels are mandatory because these substances are related to deficiency diseases and cancer risk.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 17: Chemistry and Medicine
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Sample Questions
Q1) Acetaminophen would be classified as ___________________.
Q2) Most oral contraceptives contain synthetic derivatives of which pair of substances?
A) an antihistamine and neurotransmitter
B) an androgen and an estrogen
C) an analgesic and a anti-inflammatory
D) an estrogen and progesterone
Q3) Analgesics include both OTC and prescription drugs.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Some birth control pills contain synthetic substances that have activity similar to which natural substance?
A) estrogen
B) testosterone
C) cortisone
D) thymidine
Q5) Anabolic steroids would be classified as ___________________.
Q6) Plavix is the trade name for the generic name clopidogrel.
A)True
B)False
Page 19
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Chapter 18: The Chemistry of Useful Materials
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is an example of metamorphic rock?
A) basalt
B) sandstone
C) marble
D) sand
Q2) Superconductivity is the result of
A) extremely low electrical resistance.
B) increases in available energy.
C) very high concentrations of electrical charge.
D) higher levels achieved in the purity of copper.
Q3) Which material is structurally stronger?
A) pig iron
B) cast iron
C) steel
D) iron oxide
Q4) What structural unit is characteristic of quartz and most silicates?
A) planar
B) trigonal planar
C) tetrahedral
D) linear
Page 20
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Chapter 19: Feeding the World
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is one of the mineral nutrients?
A) nitrogen
B) carbon
C) hydrogen
D) oxygen
Q2) The principal compound in potash is
A) KCl.
B) K<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub>.
C) K<sub>2</sub>O.
D) K<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>.
Q3) Which of the following ions is least likely to be leached from soil by natural water movement?
A) FeS1U1P13+S1S1P0
B) CaS1U1P12+S1S1P0
C) NaS1U1P1+S1S1P0
D) MgS1U1P12+S1S1P0
Q4) Carbon is classified as a mineral nutrient while nitrogen is classified as a nonmineral secondary nutrient.
A)True
B)False
Page 21
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