Cell Biology
Test Preparation
Course Introduction
Cell Biology is the study of the structure, function, and behavior of cells, which are the fundamental units of life. This course explores the molecular components of cells, including proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids, and examines how these molecules contribute to cellular processes such as metabolism, signaling, division, and communication. Students will learn about the organization and dynamics of cellular organelles, the mechanisms of gene expression and regulation, and the pathways by which cells interact with their environment. Emphasis is placed on experimental evidence and modern techniques used in cell biology research, fostering a deeper understanding of how cells contribute to the health and disease of organisms.
Recommended Textbook
Histology and Cell Biology An Introduction to Pathology 3rd Edition by Abraham L Kierszenbaum
Available Study Resources on Quizplus
23 Chapters
246 Verified Questions
246 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/study-set/1202
Page 2
Chapter 1: Epithelium
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
18 Verified Questions
18 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/23777
Sample Questions
Q1) The apical surface modifications of the cells lining the small intestine contain which of the following proteins?
A) Actin
B) Claudin
C) Elastin
D) Myosin
E) Occludin
Answer: A
Q2) Which of the following are important components of axonemes?
A) Actin
B) Intermediate filaments
C) Microfilaments
D) Microtubules
E) Myosin
Answer: D
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 3
Chapter 2: Epithelial Glands
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
6 Verified Questions
6 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/23778
Sample Questions
Q1) Which phrase does NOT describe one of the functions of proteins of the plasma membrane?
A) Acting as a receptor for substances external to the cell
B) Binding to a substance to carry it through the membrane
C) Forming a channel through the membrane
D) Increasing the rate of a chemical reaction
E) Initiating the replication of the genetic material
Answer: E
Q2) Exocrine glands are derived from
A) Connective tissue
B) Endocrine glands
C) Epithelial tissue
D) Muscle tissue
E) Nervous tissue
Answer: C
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
4
Chapter 3: Cell Signaling
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
6 Verified Questions
6 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/23779
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following functions by diffusing across the cell membrane to bind to intracellular protein receptors, resulting in gene activation or repression?
A) Acetylcholine
B) Insulin
C) Nitric oxide
D) Prostaglandin
E) Testosterone
Answer: E
Q2) An action potential triggers the release of a(n)
A) Eicosanoid
B) Neurotransmitter
C) Paracrine
D) Peptide hormone
E) Steroid hormone
Answer: B
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 5
Chapter 4: Connective Tissue
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
23 Verified Questions
23 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/23780
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following cells is a type of macrophage?
A) Osteoblast
B) Osteoclast
C) Osteocyte
D) Osteogenic cell
E) Osteoprogenitor cell
Q2) Connective tissue is composed of all of the following except
A) Extracellular matrix
B) Fibroblasts
C) Ground substance
D) Junctional complexes
E) Protein fibers
Q3) The type of cartilage found in the external ear is
A) Aurocartilage
B) Elastic cartilage
C) Fibrocartilage
D) Hyaline cartilage
E) Otocartilage
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 5: Osteogenesis
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
10 Verified Questions
10 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/23781
Sample Questions
Q1) When the epiphyseal plate is replaced by bone
A) Appositional bone growth begins
B) Interstitial bone growth begins
C) Long bones have reached their adult length
D) Puberty begins
E) The bone becomes more brittle
Q2) What occurs in the hypertrophic zone during endochondral ossificiation?
A) Chondrocytes in the center of the cartilage undergo mitosis and growth
B) Invasion of empty lacunae by osteoprogenitor cells
C) Penetration of calcified septa by blood vessels
D) Programmed cell death of chondrocytes
E) Proliferating chondrocytes organize into parallel columns
Q3) Each of the following statements about epiphyseal plates is correct EXCEPT
A) Appositional growth occurs on the epiphyseal side
B) Bone replaces cartilage on the diaphyseal side
C) Mitotically active chondrocytes are distributed throughout the zone of reserve cartilage
D) These chondrocytes are required for lengthening of long bones
E) They contain a portion of healthy hyaline cartilage
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 7
Chapter 6: Blood and Hematopoiesis
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
14 Verified Questions
14 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/23782
Sample Questions
Q1) Each of the following is a true statement about neutrophils EXCEPT
A) Their cytoplasm contains specific granules that contain major basic protein (MBP) crystals
B) They are bactericidal
C) They are capable of diapedesis
D) They make up approximately 65% of all white blood cells
E) They are active phagocytic cells
Q2) Which of the following cell types are phagocytic and are involved in the earliest phases of an inflammatory reaction?
A) B Lymphocytes
B) Basophils
C) Monocytes
D) Neutrophils
E) Platelets
Q3) Where is the primary site of hemopoiesis?
A) Adipose tissue
B) Blood vessels
C) Bone marrow
D) Liver
E) Lymph nodes
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 8
Chapter 7: Muscle Tissue
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
9 Verified Questions
9 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/23783
Sample Questions
Q1) All of the following occur during the contraction of a sarcomere except
A) Shortening of A-band
B) Shortening of H-zone
C) Shortening of I-band.
D) Thin filaments slide toward M-line
E) Z-lines move closer together
Q2) Following the release of acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junction, an action potential travels along the _____ to the interior of the muscle cell.
A) Sarcomere
B) Sarcoplasmic reticulum
C) Thick filament
D) Thin filament
E) Transverse tubule
Q3) Connective tissue that surrounds individual muscle cells is called the _____.
A) Endomysium
B) Epimysium
C) Perimysium
D) Sarcolemma
E) Sarcoplasmic reticulum
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 9
Chapter 8: Nervous Tissue
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
9 Verified Questions
9 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/23784
Sample Questions
Q1) Interneurons are found
A) Only in the brain
B) Only in the central nervous system
C) Only in the peripheral nervous system
D) Only in the spinal cord
E) Throughout the nervous system
Q2) Sensory information is conducted toward the spinal cord via
A) Bipolar neurons
B) Multipolar neurons
C) Pseudounipolar neurons
D) Purkinje cells
E) Pyramidal cells
Q3) The _____ receives external signals and transmits the information to the neuronal cell body.
A) Axon
B) Dendrite
C) Soma
D) Synaptic terminal
E) Telodendron
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 10
Chapter 9: Sensory Organs: Vision and Hearing
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
10 Verified Questions
10 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/23785
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following components prevents the aqueous humor from infiltrating the cornea?
A) Bowman's layer
B) Corneal endothelium
C) Corneal epithelium
D) Descemet's membrane
E) Stroma
Q2) When auditory vibrations enter the cochlear duct, the _____ membrane remains stationary, resulting in a shearing action of the vibrating hair cells, leading to the stimulation of the cochlear nerve
A) Basilar
B) Reissner's
C) Sacular
D) Tectorial
E) Tympanic
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
11
Chapter 10: Immune-Lymphatic System
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
8 Verified Questions
8 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/23786
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is found in the red pulp of the spleen?
A) B and T cells
B) Central arteriole
C) Corona
D) Periarteriolar lymphoid sheath
E) Splenic cords
Q2) The humoral immune response is carried out by
A) B lymphocytes
B) Erythrocytes
C) Neutrophils
D) T lymphocytes
E) Thrombocytes
Q3) The major histocompatibility complex
A) Activates B cells to produce specific antibodies
B) Differentiates into cytotoxic T cells upon re-exposure to a known pathogen
C) Helps T cells recognize antigens as nonself
D) Recognizes and kills viral cells by secreting perforin
E) Secretes interferon on contact with a virus
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
12
Chapter 11: Integumentary System
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
11 Verified Questions
11 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/23787
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is NOT true of the stratum spinosum?
A) It contains immunity-conferring cells called Langerhans cells
B) It is also called the "spiny" layer
C) It is comprised mostly of keratinocytes
D) It is superficial to the stratum granulosum and the stratum germinativum
E) Keratins 5 and 14 are replaced by keratins 1 and 10 following basal keratinocyte migration
Q2) These cells are responsible for producing a pigment that protects underlying tissue from ultraviolet radiation
A) Basal (satellite) cells
B) Keratinocytes
C) Langerhans cells
D) Melanocytes
E) Merkel cells
Q3) Which of the following is NOT true of the hypodermis?
A) It contains muscles in the head and neck
B) It helps to insulate and cushion underlying tissue
C) It is considered to be the third layer of the skin
D) It is made up primarily of adipose and areolar tissue
E) It secures the cutaneous membrane to underlying tissue
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 13
Chapter 12: Cardiovascular System
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
12 Verified Questions
12 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/23788
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is true of angiogenesis rather than vasculogenesis?
A) Capillary sprout is formed following basal laminal degradation of the parent vessel
B) Endothelial capillary tubes are formed following angioblast proliferation
C) Angiogenesis is dependent upon vascular endothelial growth factor and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2
D) Angiogenesis occurs solely in the embryo
E) Angiogenesis produces new vessels from scratch rather than forming new vessels from pre-existing ones
Q2) Arteries are best described as
A) Thick-walled vessels that carry blood toward the heart
B) Thick-walled vessels that carry oxygenated blood
C) Thin-walled vessels that carry blood away from the heart
D) Thin-walled vessels that carry deoxygenated blood
E) Not one of the above is an accurate description of arteries
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
14
Chapter 13: Respiratory System
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
11 Verified Questions
11 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/23789
Sample Questions
Q1) Inspired air moves from the _____ directly into the alveolar ducts.
A) Alveolar sacs
B) Alveoli
C) Respiratory bronchioles
D) Terminal bronchioles
E) Tertiary bronchi
Q2) Which of the following statements about the larynx is not true?
A) It is lined with respiratory epithelium
B) The false vocal folds contain the space of Reinke
C) The subglottis is inferior to the anterior and posterior commissures
D) The true vocal folds are found in the glottis
E) Vocal cords are abducted during inspiration
Q3) Which of the following cells in the olfactory epithelium are structurally bipolar neurons?
A) Basal cells
B) Bowman's cells
C) Columnar cells
D) Olfactory cells
E) Sustentacular cells
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 15
Chapter 14: Urinary System
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
14 Verified Questions
14 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/23790
Sample Questions
Q1) After walking through the desert
A) Additional water is reabsorbed in the distal thick segment and collecting duct
B) Aldosterone increases the amount of water that moves through the renal tubule
C) Osmotic pressure in the renal tubule decreases
D) Urine is relatively dilute
E) Water is actively transported in the proximal thick segment
Q2) Podocytes comstitute the ____ of the renal corpuscle
A) Basal lamina
B) Glomerulus
C) Inner visceral layer of Bowman's capsule
D) Mesangium
E) Outer parietal layer of Bowman's capsule
Q3) Following filtration, most water and solutes are reabsorbed in the
A) Bowman's capsule
B) Distal convoluted tubule
C) Glomerulus
D) Loop of Henle
E) Proximal convoluted tubule
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
16
Chapter 15: Upper Digestive Segment
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
15 Verified Questions
15 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/23791
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is lined with a very thin keratinized stratified squamous epithelium and a very highly vascular underlying lamina propria?
A) Cutaneous region of the lips
B) Dorsal tongue
C) Oral mucosal region of the lips
D) Red region of the lips
E) Ventral tongue
Q2) What cell type is most likely to be stimulated following G-cell secretion?
A) Chief cells
B) Mucous neck cells
C) Parietal cells
D) Stem cells
E) None - G-cells secrete an inhibitory substance
Q3) What are invaginations of gastric epithelium into the lamina propria called?
A) Crypts of Lieberkühn
B) Gastric pits
C) Plicae circularis
D) Rugae
E) Villi
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 17
Chapter 16: Lower Digestive Segment
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
9 Verified Questions
9 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/23792
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is not true of the crypts of Lieberkühn?
A) Their bases may contain Paneth cells
B) They are found between the intestinal villi
C) They are intestinal glands
D) They are simple tubular glands
E) They are unique to the small intestine
Q2) Which of the following cell types is not found in the small intestine epithelium?
A) Enterocytes
B) Microfold cells
C) Paneth cells
D) Parietal cells
E) None of the above (all of the above cells are found in the small intestine epithelium)
Q3) The ____ secrete(s) an alkaline fluid to protect the duodenum from acidic chyme.
A) Brunner's glands
B) Gallbladder
C) Goblet cells
D) Liver
E) Peyer's patches
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 17: Digestive Glands
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
13 Verified Questions
13 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/23793
Sample Questions
Q1) Portal triads are made up of vessels carrying all of the following EXCEPT
A) Bile away from the liver cells
B) Deoxygenated blood away from the liver cells
C) Deoxygenated blood to the liver cells
D) Nutrient-rich blood to the liver cells
E) Oxygenated blood to the liver cells
Q2) Digestive enzymes such as trypsin and cholesterol esterase are secreted by the
A) Cardiac glands
B) Islets of Langerhans
C) Liver
D) Pancreatic secretory acini
E) Principal ("true") gastric glands
Q3) Which of the following is not true of salivary gland intralobular duct distribution?
A) Both intercalated and striated ducts are rare in submandibular glands
B) Mucous glands have only occasional intercalated ducts
C) Parotid glands have more striated ducts than submandibular glands
D) Striated ducts are abundant in mucous glands
E) Sublingual glands lack both striated and intercalated ducts
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 19
Chapter 18: Neuroendocrine System
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
7 Verified Questions
7 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/23794
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements about the neurohypophysis is not true?
A) Contains glial-like cells called pituicytes
B) It synthesizes, stores, and secretes antidiuretic hormone (ADH) and oxytocin
C) Its axons derive from the paraventricular and supraoptic nuclei
D) Secretion of its hormones is controlled by nerve impulses from the hypothalamus
E) The hypothalamohypophyseal tract runs through the infundibulum
Q2) The hormone that stimulates insulin-like growth factor-1 production in the hepatocytes is secreted by
A) Acidophils
B) Basophils
C) Chromophobe cells
D) Herring bodies
E) Pituicytes
Q3) Prolactin secretion is _____ by _____.
A) Inhibited dopamine
B) Inhibited somatostatin
C) Stimulated dopamine
D) Stimulated growth hormone-releasing hormone
E) Stimulated nerve impulse from the hypothalamus
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 20
Chapter 19: Endocrine System
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
9 Verified Questions
9 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/23795
Sample Questions
Q1) The zona reticularis of the adrenal cortex produces
A) Androgens
B) Corticoids
C) Glucocorticoids
D) Mineralocorticoids
E) Steroids
Q2) Which of the following hormones is most likely to bind to a receptor inside the cell as opposed to a membrane receptor?
A) Aldosterone
B) Epinephrine
C) Melatonin
D) Parathyroid hormone
E) Vasopressin
Q3) What happens immediately after insulin binds to the -subunit of the insulin receptor?
A) It activates the adjacent tyrosine kinase ( -subunit)
B) It increases glucose uptake by the cell
C) It stimulates glucagon secretion by the cells
D) It stimulates the synthesis of GLUT-4 (glucose transporter-4)
E) It transports the GLUT-4 protein to the cell membrane
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 21
Chapter 20: Spermatogenesis
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
8 Verified Questions
8 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/23796
Sample Questions
Q1) Meiosis II occurs in the
A) Primary spermatocyte
B) Secondary spermatocyte
C) Spermatid
D) Spermatogonia
E) Spermatozoa
Q2) Which of the following are diploid structures?
A) Primary spermatocytes
B) Secondary spermatocytes
C) Sperm
D) Spermatids
E) Spermatozoa
Q3) During which phase of spermiogenesis does the manchette develop?
A) Acrosomal phase
B) Cap phase
C) Golgi phase
D) Maturation phase
E) Spermatid rotation phase
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 22
Chapter 21: Sperm Transport and Maturation
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
6 Verified Questions
6 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/23797
Sample Questions
Q1) What structure contributes a lubricating mucus substance to semen?
A) Bulbourethral gland
B) Epididymidis
C) Prostate
D) Seminal vesicle
E) Testis
Q2) Numerous tubuloalveolar glands that secrete a motility-enhancing substance constitute the
A) Bulbourethral gland
B) Ductus epididymidis
C) Prostate gland
D) Seminal vesicle
E) Testis
Q3) Which duct has a characteristic wavy lumen as a result of different epithelial cell heights?
A) Ductuli efferentes
B) Ductus epididymidis
C) Rete testis
D) Seminiferous tubules
E) Tubuli recti
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 23
Chapter 22: Follicle Development and the Menstrual Cycle
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
10 Verified Questions
10 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/23798
Sample Questions
Q1) Developing follicles are found in the
A) Ovarian cortex
B) Ovarian medulla
C) Oviduct
D) Tunica albuginea
E) Uterus
Q2) Oocytes surrounded by granulosa cells are found in the
A) Corona radiata
B) Corpus luteum
C) Cumulus oophorus
D) Theca folliculus
E) Zona pellucida
Q3) Which of the following statements about the corpus luteum is incorrect?
A) It degenerates into the corpus albicans approximately 14 days following fertilization
B) It forms following ovulation
C) It has increased vascularization
D) Its folded structure is formed by the collapsing of the follicular wall
E) The theca interna and granulosa cells accumulate lutein
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
24
Chapter 23: Fertilization, Placentation, and Lactation
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
8 Verified Questions
8 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/23799
Sample Questions
Q1) Where does fertilization usually occur?
A) Cervix
B) Ovary
C) Oviduct
D) Uterus
E) Vagina
Q2) The opening of the uterus into the vagina is the _____.
A) Cervix
B) Infundibulum
C) Ovary
D) Oviduct
E) Uterine tube
Q3) Which of the following statements about the trophoblast is false?
A) It develops into the embryo proper
B) It helps form the placenta
C) It invades the endometrium during implantation
D) It is the outer layer of cells around the blastula
E) It secretes human chorionic gonadotropiin
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 25