Canadian Society Exam Bank
Course Introduction
This course offers an in-depth exploration of Canadian society, examining its historical development, cultural diversity, political structure, and social institutions. Students will analyze issues such as multiculturalism, Indigenous-settler relations, regional identities, linguistic duality, and the influence of immigration on social change. Through theoretical frameworks and case studies, the course encourages critical thinking about how Canadian values, identity, and policies shape the lives of people within the country, fostering a comprehensive understanding of contemporary Canadian social dynamics.
Recommended Textbook
New Society 8th Edition by Robert J. Brym
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Introducing Sociology
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Q1) Which trend is a leading cause of postindustrialism?
A) a return to traditional forms of work and rejection of technology
B) dysfunctional changes in the family caused by having two working parents
C) the decline of the working classes and expansion of the wealthy classes
D) a technology-driven shift from manufacturing to service industries
Answer: D
Q2) Has the risk of death by suicide among youth changed since the 1960s?
A) Yes,the risk has increased.
B) Yes,the risk has increased,but only for male youth.
C) Yes,the risk has decreased.
D) No,the risk has remained the same.
Answer: A
Q3) Andrew is one of many successful businessmen who use cocaine on a regular basis to help deal with the stress associated with their jobs.Which perspective would best help us to understand this issue?
A) functional deviance
B) sociological functionality
C) sociological imagination
D) exploitive imagination
Answer: C
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Chapter 2: Research Methods
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Q1) Theresa has studied the social life of chimpanzees for 10 years.She claims that chimpanzees are antisocial with other mammals,based on her observations in the wild.However,another researcher argues that this statement cannot be made.Which argument is the basis of the second researcher's claim?
A) presumption of similarity
B) socialization factor
C) problem of induction
D) problem with observation in an uncontrolled environment
Answer: C
Q2) David was 12-years-old when he watched the continuous media coverage of the 9/11 terrorist attacks in New York.Since that time he has gone out of his way to not associate with people that are of Middle Eastern descent,asserting that "they can't be trusted." What type of reasoning has David used to draw this conclusion?
A) theoretical
B) observational
C) deductive
D) inductive
Answer: D
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Chapter 3: Culture
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Q1) Which of the following is the best description of a sociological use of the term rationalization?
A) thinking as logically as possible when trying to explain one's actions
B) application of the most efficient means to achieve goals despite potential negative consequences
C) invocation of values to justify behaviour in a situation that creates a moral dilemma
D) use of abstraction to explain certain cultural phenomena
Answer: B
Q2) What is the sociological term that relates to social control and refers to the punishment of inappropriate behaviour?
A) negative conditioning
B) negative sanction
C) operant conditioning
D) punishment sanction
Answer: B
Q3) Define ethnocentrism and provide examples of its manifestations.
Answer: Judging another culture exclusively by the standards of our own culture;the text makes reference to Aboriginal peoples,Muslims,and India.
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Chapter 4: Socialization
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Q1) What term do sociologists use to describe intense,deliberate socialization that is designed to change major beliefs?
A) immersed socialization
B) resocialization
C) psychotherapy
D) anticipatory socialization
Q2) Joanne went to the mall on her lunch hour and on an impulse decided to buy herself a gold necklace.After work,she went back and returned the necklace because it was very expensive and she really didn't need it.What part of her self made the decision to buy the jewellery in the first place?
A) I
B) me
C) ego
D) alter ego
Q3) The emphasis on consensus in ancient Chinese civilization was influenced by the small-scale herding and fishing economy.
A)True
B)False
Q4) How do media inadvertently perpetuate stereotypes?
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Chapter 5: Gender and Sexualities
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Q1) Yasmin's friend Charlene is bisexual.After dating a man for three years,Charlene began dating a woman last month.Yasmin has invited the new couple over for dinner tonight so she can meet Charlene's new significant other and wish them well.According to the text,Yasmin's attitude is in line with what growing social movement?
A) gender acceptance
B) gender polygamy
C) sexual selection
D) sexual pluralism
Q2) Michael was extremely confused and asked Michelle to explain as simply as possible what gender was.Which statement would Michelle assert to help Michael understand?
A) Gender is what we are born with.
B) Gender is what we are because our culture makes us that way.
C) Gender is what we enact.
D) Gender is what dictates who we are sexually attracted to.
Q3) Social constructionists argue that gender is the product of biological properties and not the product of social structure and culture.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 6: Communication and Mass Media
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Questions
Q1) In the propaganda model of the media put forward by Edward S.Herman and Noam Chomsky,what are their five main arguments?
Q2) Olivia celebrated the birth of her daughter by purchasing a newly developed item that had just been released on the market-a smart phone.What year was her daughter born?
A) 1989
B) 1993
C) 1997
D) 2001
Q3) According to the CRTC,how much Canadian content are private television broadcasters in Canada required to maintain?
A) 50 percent
B) 55 percent overall
C) 70 percent
D) 75 percent overall
Q4) You have been hired by the Canadian government to provide advice on how to increase the content of Canadian culture on television programming in Canada.How would you describe the current situation to government officials and what solutions would you propose?
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Chapter 7: Social Stratification
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Q1) Compared to most industrialized countries,Canada spends more on attempts to reduce poverty.
A)True
B)False
Q2) A young man from a humble inner-city background works part-time to get a good education,starts a high-tech company,earns millions of dollars,buys the local NHL franchise,and later becomes a member of Canada's parliament.What term best explains why he was able to take this career path?
A) social ambition
B) social mobility
C) forward mobility
D) status gain
Q3) According to Gerhard Lenski,how was the evolutionary trend toward ever-increasing inequality reversed?
A) through the development of a social welfare society
B) through ever-increasing fundamentalist religious charitable donations
C) by ever-increasing technological complexity in society
D) by the ever-increasing creation of jobs requiring more manual labour
Q4) Identify and explain the four types of capital as proposed by Pierre Bourdieu.
Q5) Identify and describe the four types of occupational mobility.
Page 9
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Chapter 8: Gender Inequality
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Q1) Milena just started a new job at a prestigious law firm as lead council of the immigration division.However,her family still expects her to come home and fix dinner every night.Which statement best explains this situation?
A) Women still have to meet their mothering responsibilities.
B) The double day is the price women have to pay for liberation.
C) The right to paid work does not mean liberation from unpaid work.
D) Women will always put their children's needs first.
Q2) Which of the following is NOT a dimension of self that the text addresses within the context of gender inequality?
A) control
B) trust in others
C) connection to others
D) psychological vulnerability
Q3) Time availability theory asserts that time spent in paid work limits the amount of time spent on domestic chores.
A)True
B)False
Q4) What is the gender wage gap? How has it changed in Canada since 1992?
Q5) What is precarious employment?
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Chapter 9: Race and Ethnic Relations
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Q1) Whenever the newspaper reports a crime incident that involves a nonwhite person,Samantha's immediate comment is "Well,what do you expect from that group of people?" What is her attitude and reaction an example of?
A) new racism
B) discrimination
C) prejudice
D) fully justified
Q2) Immigrants from Country X gathered in front of city hall.They were celebrating their nationality of origin as well as demanding rights for their community.What was this event a sign of?
A) social nationalism
B) Canadian nationalism
C) ethnic nationalism
D) civic nationalism
Q3) Prejudice is an attitude and discrimination is an action,and both are the building blocks of racism.Explain and discuss this statement,using examples in your answer.
Q4) What are the two interrelated explanations for the lower earnings of visible minority male immigrants?
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Chapter 10: Development and Underdevelopment
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Q1) W.W.Rostow is credited with the formulation of the modernization theory of development.
A)True
B)False
Q2) It has been said that Aboriginal communities within Canada are reminiscent of a "Third World country" within a "First World nation." Using the knowledge and understanding that you have acquired as a result of studying this chapter,describe the parallels between what has transpired,or is transpiring,within the Global South countries and what has occurred,or is occurring,within Canada in regards to our Aboriginal population.
Q3) Prior to the Industrial Revolution,manufacturing consisted largely of rural and labour-intensive activities.Consequently,what was the global manufacturing situation of that time?
A) The majority of manufacturing existed in the Global North.
B) Eastern European countries accounted for most manufacturing.
C) Western European countries accounted for most manufacturing.
D) The majority of manufacturing existed in the Global South.
Q4) Canada was initially a collection of colonial colonies until it achieved its independence in 1867.How did Canada become a prosperous country in spite of its colonial past?
Page 12
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Chapter 11: Families
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Q1) Last year,David's mom decided to divorce his father.David knew it was coming because of the physical abuse she had endured over their 30-year marriage.He accompanied her to the court house and helped her file the paperwork.What reason would be given in order to obtain a divorce decree?
A) physical and mental cruelty
B) marriage breakdown
C) no reason required;just a three-year separation
D) no reason required;just a 12-month separation
Q2) In 2011,Statistics Canada announced that,as a cost-cutting measure,it was discontinuing the publication of marriage and divorce rates.Given the plasticity of family forms and nontraditional family choices,do you believe this to be a wise move? Why or why not?
Q3) Some politicians argue that stable families are the foundation of stable communities,while others argue that stable communities and economies are the foundation of stable families.Which position would you take? Explain your stance.
Q4) Select two theoretical perspectives and compare and contrast their views of the family.
Q5) How do many sociologists define "families"? Why is the societal definition of family important?
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Chapter 12: Work and Occupations
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Q1) Amy is a retail salesperson in a family-owned business.In a store expansion,Amy is promised a manager's job in another city;however,the opportunity never materializes because the store owner's niece gets the manager's job.What kind of job situation does Amy find herself in?
A) nepotistic job site
B) dead-end job
C) familial promotion site
D) job ghetto
Q2) Veronica started her own business last year.While her business is growing,she still works part-time as a waitress to make ends meet.She hopes to quit waitressing by the end of the year.According to the text,what is her current employment situation?
A) full-time,part-time employment
B) creative employment
C) nonstandard employment
D) temporary employment
Q3) Why are some areas of expertise considered semi-professions instead of professions?
Q4) Explain why there has been an increase of nonstandard work schedules in the labour market.
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Chapter 13: Education
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Q1) In the past,high prestige was attached to humanistic fields (such as philosophy and English),but this has changed in favour of powerful professions such as medicine,law,and business.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Murray Milner suggests that high-school cliques have status functions that are similar to another form of social structure.What is it?
A) the authority of parents in the family
B) a business organizational flow chart
C) the organization of school employees
D) the inequality of India's caste system
Q3) Which of the following was first involved in the organization of schools in Canada?
A) churches
B) the government
C) corporations
D) the public
Q4) Explain how low-achieving students respond to their institutional environment.
Q5) Define and explain the significance of the hidden curriculum in education.
Q6) Explain how school choice is growing in Canada.
Page 15
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Chapter 14: Religion
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Q1) How has religion both served as a progressive force that has challenged North American culture,and a repressive force at certain points in recent history?
Q2) Mindy works in a factory to support herself,her three children,and her sometimes violent husband who is unemployed due to his abuse of alcohol.To cope with the stress and conflict of her life,Mindy spends her little spare time memorizing Bible verses that promise rewards in the afterlife.Who would argue that Mindy's belief is preventing her from breaking out of this situation?
A) Taylor
B) Weber
C) Durkheim
D) Marx
Q3) Which thesis reflects the view that religious institutions,actions,and consciousness are declining in Canadian society?
A) rationalization
B) profanity
C) secularization
D) persistence
Q4) How does "deprivation" account for religiosity?
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Page 16
Chapter 15: Deviance and Crime
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Q1) What has a woman experienced if she decides to go topless at a beach and then gets cited for public nudity,while topless men are ignored?
A) punishment
B) deviant behaviour
C) gendered nature of deviance
D) social sanction
Q2) Toronto has the highest homicide rate in Canada.
A)True
B)False
Q3) What does Merton's modification of strain theory stress?
A) Even though criminality is not genetic,tendencies toward criminal behaviour are inherited.
B) The main source of criminal behaviour is a result of the sexual maladjustments of individuals.
C) An individual's early socialization within the family determines his or her attitudes toward crime.
D) Society defines and emphasizes success goals,but does not provide all individuals with equal access to the means of attaining or achieving these goals.
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17
Chapter 16: Population and Urbanization
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Q1) During the last decade of the twentieth century,migrants from other provinces flocked to Calgary and Vancouver,but few were attracted to Toronto.
A)True
B)False
Q2) What term is used to denote the process by which an increasing proportion of the population lives in cities?
A) suburbanization
B) urbanization
C) gentrification
D) megalopolitanism
Q3) What is overurbanization?
A) too many cities for the world,resulting in an imbalance in global ecosystems
B) urban population growth outstripping the accompanying economy,services,and resources
C) the movement of populations from urban centres to the outlying suburbs
D) the movement of populations from rural communities and suburbs to the cities
Q4) Demography is the study of cities and urban development.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 17: Sociology and the Environment
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Q1) Alvin was telling his grandson about the oil crisis of 1973: oil prices quadrupling,continuous line-ups at gas stations,and the Trudeau government beginning the process of creating a national oil company-Petro Canada.What precipitated this chain of events?
A) war between Israel and oil-producing Arab states
B) declining supplies in Alberta's oil fields
C) Canadian oil companies price fixing and price gouging
D) public panic and reaction to the Club of Rome report
Q2) Nonrenewable resources are infinite in quantity and therefore nonexhaustible.
A)True
B)False
Q3) In what ways can citizens,businesses,and government interact,so we can all contribute to protecting the environment?
Q4) What precipitated the first wave of the modern environmental movement?
A) emergence of the federal Green Party
B) issue of global climate change
C) publication of Silent Spring
D) extensive impact of industrialization on forests
Q5) What is the polluter pays principle?
Q6) Define sustainable development and explain its significance.
Page 19
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Chapter 18: Health and Aging
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Q1) What is the main reason for the increasing proportion of older adults in the Canadian population?
A) declining fertility rates
B) healthier diets and lifestyles
C) miracle drug discoveries
D) socialized medicine
Q2) It has been noted that the answers that we as a society give to questions about what causes health problems and inequalities will influence how we go about dealing with them.Discuss this statement with reference to older adults and the Canadian health-care system.
Q3) Darma is 80-years-old and living on a very tight budget;she cannot afford to travel.Leonard is also 80 and has a generous pension so he can afford to travel.However,he suffers from terrible arthritis,so he is unable to travel.According to your text,what could explain Darma and Leonard's similar ends?
A) multiple jeopardy hypothesis
B) age as leveller hypothesis
C) leisure selection hypothesis
D) ageism hypothesis
Q4) Why are physicians considered to be the gatekeepers to our health-care system?
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Chapter 19: Politics and Social Movements
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Q1) In 2015,the New Democratic Party was elected to a majority government in Alberta,ousting the Progressive Conservatives who had won every provincial election since 1971.Which theory can does this event provide supporting evidence for?
A) elitist
B) state-centred
C) Marxist
D) power-balance
Q2) Which statement summarizes a belief of elite theorists?
A) Small groups occupy the command posts of society.
B) Power is widely distributed among small groups of people.
C) Everyone has a chance to become a member of the ruling class.
D) Only the educated elite should have the right to govern.
Q3) Which term refers to a citizen's right to a certain level of economic security and public participation?
A) civil citizenship
B) economic citizenship
C) political citizenship
D) social citizenship
Q4) What is the difference between power and authority?
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Chapter 20: Globalization
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Q1) Shelagh met her husband online.They only met three times face-to-face before marrying,but they felt they had built a strong relationship.Which global phenomenon is this an example of?
A) time-space compression
B) digital divide
C) virtual community
D) digital union
Q2) Which emerging global phenomenon impacts our time-space compression?
A) hybrid cars
B) the Internet
C) common currencies
D) space travel
Q3) According to the text,what plays a critical role in driving growth in the global economy?
A) globalization and new job creation
B) increase in consumer spending
C) new immigrants working in Canada
D) increase of two-income households
Q4) How does globalization affect the production and consumption of food?
Q5) Define the terms "majority world" and "minority world".
Page 22
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Chapter 21: Networks, Groups, and Bureaucracies
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Q1) Which term is defined as a secondary group designed to achieve explicit objectives?
A) social institution
B) rationalized system
C) organizational environment
D) formal organization
Q2) Which statement best reflects Max Weber's perspective of bureaucracies?
A) They are the least efficient secondary group.
B) They are the most efficient secondary group.
C) They are a force destructive to social solidarity.
D) They contribute to social solidarity.
Q3) John told the teacher about how the boys were teasing one of the girls mercilessly at recess.According to the text,why might John have spoken out about the event when none of the other boys dared to?
A) He believed in justice over social belonging.
B) He did not want to let the girl down.
C) He may have not been fully socialized into the group.
D) He wanted the girl to like him.
Q4) What is the difference between formal social networks and informal social networks? Give examples of both.
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