Canadian Social Problems
Final Exam Questions
Course Introduction
This course examines the major social issues and challenges facing Canadian society today, including poverty, inequality, multiculturalism, Indigenous rights, healthcare, immigration, crime, and environmental sustainability. Students will explore the historical roots and contemporary dimensions of these problems, analyze their causes and impacts, and evaluate the roles played by individuals, communities, and government policies in addressing them. Through critical discussion and case studies, the course encourages an understanding of how social problems are defined, measured, and contested within Canadas diverse and evolving social landscape.
Recommended Textbook
Aging and Society Canadian Perspectives 7th Edition by Mark Novak
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14 Chapters
1151 Verified Questions
1151 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Aging Today
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39 Verified Questions
39 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) How is the older population stereotyped?
A) independent
B) productive
C) costly
D) generous
Answer: C
Q2) Samantha's grandmother lives alone in a large city.She has arthritis and struggles with meal preparation and mobility issues around the city.Samantha notices that many older people are in similar situations as the Canadian population ages.Sam is experiencing a common fear that is reflected in ageism as the Canadian population focuses on population aging.What is that fear?
A) a fear of an aging society
B) a concern for the elderly
C) a lack of trust in the elderly
D) a fear of old age
Answer: A
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Chapter 2: Theories and Methods
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108 Verified Questions
108 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following gerontological research designs allows for quick data collection?
A) cross-sectional design
B) cohort design
C) sequential design
D) trend analysis design
Answer: C
Q2) Which type of research prizes the richness of everyday social life over numerical data?
A) quantitative
B) interpersonal
C) qualitative
D) numerative
Answer: C
Q3) Which perspective is used most often by gerontologists?
A) interactive perspective
B) age-stratification perspective
C) functionalist perspective
D) conflict perspective
Answer: C
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Chapter 3: Aging in Canada and the World Today
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83 Verified Questions
83 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) In Canada,what happened to death rates during the 19th and early 20th centuries?
A) They began to drop.
B) They rose steadily for men and women.
C) They remained stable, and were balanced by high birth rates.
D) They increased for men, but decreased for women.
Answer: A
Q2) What trend is shown in projections of Canadian age structure into 2031 using population pyramids?
A) a declining proportion of women in the oldest age cohorts
B) an expanding, bottom-heavy distribution
C) low birth rates, low death rates, and an aging population
D) a disproportionate growth of the middle-aged cohorts
Answer: C
Q3) According to Evans et al.(2001),what other force accounts for an increased cost to healthcare?
A) the increased cost of new and expensive drugs
B) the increased cost of talented surgeons and specialists
C) the increased cost of acute care hospitalization
D) the increased cost of hospital equipment and staff
Answer: A
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Chapter 4: Aging and Ethnicity
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66 Verified Questions
66 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to the text,where do most Egyptians spend their later years of life?
A) living with their families
B) maintaining their independence
C) living in nursing homes
D) living in hospitals
Q2) According to Shankar (2009),how do traditional Indo-Fijian women tend to identify themselves?
A) in terms of their ability to have children
B) in terms of their relationships with other females
C) in terms of their relationships with males
D) in terms of their ability to earn a large sum of money
Q3) Aleksander's Polish parents have just moved to Canada.For how many years do Canada's immigration rules require adult children,who sponsor their aging parents,to provide financial support for these parents?
A) 5 years
B) 7 years
C) 10 years
D) 12 years
Q4) Define the concept of gentrification and provide examples of how it changes a neighbourhood.
6
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Chapter 5: Personal Health and Illness
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70 Verified Questions
70 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following terms describes the process by which cells are controlled and thus produce normal human development?
A) apoptosis
B) sarcopenia
C) the phase III phenomenon
D) the Hayflick limit
Q2) Around what age do most people notice changes in their senses?
A) 25
B) 35
C) 60
D) 75
Q3) Which of the following factors is inconclusive in terms of having an impact on health in later life?
A) exercise
B) chronic childhood illness
C) fetal health
D) diet and nutrition
Q4) Describe the three models of interaction between the environment and genetic processes as presented by Shanahan and Hofer (2011).
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Chapter 6: The Psychology of Aging and the Social Psychology of Aging
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82 Verified Questions
82 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is the basis of Erikson's model of the life cycle?
A) psycho-pathological problems that inhibit development and must be overcome
B) individual developments through social changes
C) conflicts between the self (ego) and the environment
D) specific stages of ego development with each stage containing a crisis
Q2) How does Erikson explain the development of a psychopathology in a person?
A) It is the result of the progression of one of the eight stages within a person's life cycle.
B) It is the successful completion of the adolescent stage.
C) It is an unsuccessful resolution of a crisis within a stage of ego development.
D) It is the product of the identity versus role confusion conflict.
Q3) In research using speeded trials to determine differences in learning,what did older subjects tend to do more often than younger subjects?
A) rely more on implicit memory
B) rely more on mediators
C) miss more verbal and pictorial items
D) encode late items at the expense of earlier items
Q4) Describe the life course perspective and its main principles.
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Chapter 7: Healthcare
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105 Verified Questions
105 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to a Manitoba study,which of the following characteristics indicates that an individual had more than a three-in-five chance of entering an institution?
A) being aged 75 or older
B) living with a frail spouse
C) having mental impairment
D) using six or more prescription drugs daily
Q2) According to the Canadian Healthcare Association (2007),what percentage of Canadians felt that they received quality healthcare services?
A) 27%
B) 35%
C) 57%
D) 74%
Q3) What has the shift of care from institutions to the community led to?
A) an overall increase in the health status of the elderly as measured by life expectancy
B) no significant reduction in the cost of healthcare
C) decreased chronic illness but increased acute illnesses and injuries
D) an increased burden on women, families, and communities
Q4) What challenges are currently being experienced by Canada's telehealth programs?
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9
Chapter 8: Finances and Economics
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84 Verified Questions
84 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Interview someone who is currently in the workforce and nearing retirement.What kind of financial planning has he/she done for his/her retirement? Does he/she have a pension plan through work? What types of investments/retirement plans does he/she have? (Note: you do NOT need numbers,just the types of investments: e.g.,RRSP,TFSA,work pension plan,stocks,bonds, etc.)How financially prepared does he/she feel that he/she is for his/her impending retirement?
Q2) According to Statistics Canada figures from 2007,what percentage of women received the CPP?
A) 86%
B) 75%
C) 47%
D) 67%
Q3) The Guaranteed Income Supplement program established to supplement Old Age Security was designed to do which of the following?
A) enable older people to live more comfortably
B) discourage retirees from re-entering the work force
C) help the poorest older people
D) remove the burden of caring for older people from the federal government
Q4) What is a registered retirement savings plan (RRSP)?
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Chapter 9: Retirement and Work
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to the text,there are three types of workers who tend to take early retirement.What are these three types of workers? Provide a brief explanation of each.
Q2) Which of the following statements can be made about women in the workforce?
A) Women are overrepresented in unions.
B) Women's exits from the labour force bring about smaller pensions.
C) Women are underrepresented in the service sector.
D) Women's retirement is similar to men's retirement.
Q3) How can companies use their older employees to benefit younger employees who are entering the workforce?
A) Older employees can mentor younger employees.
B) Older employees can recruit younger employees.
C) Older employees can work when younger employees need time off.
D) Older employees can work full-time while younger employees can work part-time.
Q4) Why do most women retire earlier than men?
A) because they have more friends who retire at a younger age
B) because of the ill health of a spouse or family member
C) because of the stress of working at an older age
D) because they help to take care of their grandchildren
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Page 11
Chapter 10: Leisure, recreation, and Service
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83 Verified Questions
83 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to Koppen (2010),what percentage of people over 50 uses social media websites?
A) 10%
B) 15%
C) 22%
D) 27%
Q2) Why might gender differences in activity level disappear in the future?
A) because of the women's movement and decreasing discrimination
B) because cohorts of women who had high activity levels in youth will continue into old age
C) because increased life expectancy and more options for an active lifestyle means that more couples will stay active together
D) because programs of interest to women are becoming more common
Q3) With what type of work is CESO primarily associated?
A) developmental work
B) healthcare work
C) political work
D) mental health work
Q4) Describe the concepts of active leisure and passive leisure,as outlined in the text.
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Chapter 11: Housing and Transportation
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100 Verified Questions
100 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to 2006 statistics,what percentage of people aged 70+ tend to live mortgage-free?
A) 35%
B) 59%
C) 78%
D) 89%
Q2) According to Perks and Hann (2010),what percentage of seniors will continue to age in place in the community until past the age of 80?
A) 20%
B) 40%
C) 60%
D) 80%
Q3) The text states that housing and transportation should do which of the following?
A) maximize security, yet provide some feeling of autonomy
B) ensure maximum competency
C) balance maximum autonomy with enough security for comfort
D) have both high environmental press and high security
Q4) What is FlexHousing?
Q5) Discuss the concept of supportive and/or enriched housing.
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Chapter 12: Family Life
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86 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Married seniors have some advantages over their unmarried age mates.Which of the following is one of them?
A) Married people aged 65 and over tend to have fewer accessible financial resources than unmarried older people.
B) Married older couples report they work longer because they like to spend money with their spouse.
C) Married people adjust better to aging than non-married people.
D) Married seniors stand the best chances of getting into nursing homes if they get sick.
Q2) Which characteristic of men explains why widowers tend to suffer from isolation and loneliness and run a higher risk of suicide than widows do?
A) Men are less emotionally stable than women.
B) Men find it harder to make new friends or to join groups for help.
C) Men do not have confidants.
D) Men cannot adjust to drastic changes in lifestyle as easily as women.
Q3) It is inevitable that there will be difficulties,disagreements,and disappointments in marriage.What are the three most common issues,according to Henry and colleagues (2005)? Explain these issues.
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Page 14
Chapter 13: Social Support
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91 Verified Questions
91 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Research suggests that which group of caregivers suffer a greater burden than caregiving adult children?
A) spouses
B) friends
C) adult grandchildren
D) doctors
Q2) According to the hierarchical compensatory model of informal support,to whom does a married older person turn to first for assistance?
A) a social worker
B) a spouse
C) a child
D) a friend
Q3) What do friends,siblings,and pets exemplify for older people?
A) formal support
B) informal support
C) responsibilities
D) problems
Q4) List and explain the four models that describe the way that people use informal supports for care.
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Chapter 14: Death, dying, and Bereavement
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78 Verified Questions
78 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What proportion of bereaved people go through morbid grieving?
A) a small percentage
B) 25%
C) 50%
D) a large percentage
Q2) Which of the following is considered as a "disease of old age?"
A) arthritis
B) osteoporosis
C) macular degeneration
D) pneumonia
Q3) According to Motiwala and colleagues (2006),where did almost half of deaths in Ontario occur in 2001-2002?
A) at home
B) at a nursing home
C) in a hospice
D) in a hospital
Q4) Explain the differences between assisted suicide and euthanasia (active and passive).
Q5) Explain the five stages of death,as developed by Dr.Elizabeth Kubler-Ross.
Q6) Compare and contrast what constitutes a "good" death and a "bad" death.
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