Canadian Political Parties and Elections
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Course Introduction
This course offers a comprehensive examination of Canadian political parties and the electoral system. Students will explore the historical evolution, organization, and ideologies of major and minor political parties in Canada, as well as their roles in shaping political discourse and public policy. The course also analyzes the electoral process, including the mechanics of federal and provincial elections, party platforms, campaign strategies, and voting behavior. Through the study of recent elections and ongoing reforms, students will gain insight into the dynamics of party competition, the influence of media and public opinion, and the challenges associated with democratic representation in Canada.
Recommended Textbook
Canadian Politics Critical Approaches 7th Edition by Rand Dyck
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Chapter 1: The study of politics
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Q1) Which statement best describes the rational choice approach in politics?
A)People get involved in politics because they want to get something out of it for themselves or others.
B)Its primary focus is the source of human motivation.
C)Its theory stipulates that individuals will deductively reduce their logic in order to achieve their goals.
D)What is good for the individual is the same as what is good for the group.
Answer: A
Q2) The Marxist approach is synonymous with the class approach.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) Which of the following form the four branches of government?
A)the executive, the bureaucracy, the legislature, and the judiciary
B)the authorities, the legislature, the executive, and the administration
C)the executive, the courts, the management, and Parliament
D)the Parliament, the Senate, the courts, and the executive
Answer: A
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Chapter 2: Institutional foundations and the evolution of the state
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Q1) A form of government including an elected assembly is called a direct democracy. A)True
B)False Answer: False
Q2) In the Westminster model of government, what constitutes the core of the parliamentary system?
A)the legislative assembly
B)the bureaucracy
C)the prime minister and the Cabinet
D)the judiciary
Answer: C
Q3) The ultimate independence of Canada is usually attributed to developments connected to the First World War.
A)True
B)False Answer: True
Q4) Newfoundland and Labrador was the last province to be added to Canada. A)True
B)False Answer: True
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Chapter 3: Regionalism
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Q1) In what areas did the most serious regional economic conflicts in Canadian history occur?
A)importation, exportation, welfare, and industry
B)transportation, banking, welfare, and defence
C)defence, resources, representation, and debt
D)tariffs, transportation, banking, and resources
Answer: D
Q2) Why are crown corporations created?
A)for a public policy purpose
B)as a regulatory agency
C)with the intention of maximizing their profits
D)with the hope of becoming privatized as quickly as possible
Answer: A
Q3) The James Bay hydroelectric project is in Quebec.
A)True
B)False Answer: True
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Chapter 4: Aboriginal peoples
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Q1) Before 1985, Aboriginal women lost their Indian status if they married a white man.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Which document best supports the ideal of Aboriginal self-government?
A)the Constitution Act, 1982
B)the Royal Commission on Aboriginal Peoples
C)the Indian Act
D)the White Paper
Q3) Non-status Indians are divided between on-and off-reserve
A)True
B)False
Q4) Indians living on reserves gained the right to vote in federal elections in 1960.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Aboriginal title means a claim to land based on treaty.
A)True
B)False
Q6) What is meant by the term "Aboriginal self-government"?
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Chapter 5: french canada and the quebec question
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Q1) Which statement best describes Quebec nationalism before 1960?
A)French nationalism was largely subconscious.
B)French nationalism was inward looking and defensive.
C)French nationalism was loosely connected with the Roman Catholic Church.
D)French nationalism had strong ties to France.
Q2) Which statement does NOT describe the Quebec new middle class?
A)It suddenly appeared in the early 1960s.
B)It promoted the growth of the public sector.
C)It promoted the autonomy of the province.
D)It had close ties to the Roman Catholic Church.
Q3) What is la francophonie?
A)an organization of French-speaking states
B)a Canadian pressure group representing all francophones
C)an association representing the interests of francophones outside Quebec
D)the satellite carrying French-language communications
Q4) The failure of the Meech Lake Accord sparked the creation of the Bloc Québécois.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Compare and contrast the values, attitudes, and demands of the Québécois before and after the Quiet Revolution.
Page 7
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Chapter 6: Ethnocultural minorities
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Q1) Economists agree that immigration has a tremendous effect on the unemployment rate.
A)True
B)False
Q2) In recent years, the bulk of immigrants to Canada have come from the Caribbean.
A)True
B)False
Q3) One of the basic objectives of the multiculturalism policy was to assist immigrants in acquiring at least one official language.
A)True
B)False
Q4) What are some of the advancements in Canadian policies that have contributed toward creating equality and overcoming discrimination among ethnic Canadians?
Q5) Which of the following is NOT a category of permanent residents?
A)Family Class
B)Economic Class
C)Refugees
D)Foreign Workers
Q6) What were the basic objectives of Trudeau's multiculturalism policy?
Page 8
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Chapter 7: Gender
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Q1) The ruling in the Persons case was that women could sit in the House of Commons.
A)True
B)False
Q2) What province became the first to enact legislation prohibiting discrimination on the grounds of sexual orientation?
A)Ontario
B)Alberta
C)British Columbia
D)Quebec
Q3) Bill C-38 recognized the legality of same-sex marriage.
A)True
B)False
Q4) What are some of the major challenges that women face regarding employment?
Q5) Which political parties have women historically supported?
A)the Liberals and the NDP
B)the Liberals and the Conservatives
C)the Green Party and the NDP
D)the Conservatives and the NDP
Q6) How has representation of women in politics and government progressed in the last century?
Page 9
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Chapter 8: Class
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Q1) What does it mean to be "class-conscious? How does this sentiment affect the working and poor classes in Canada?
Q2) Why are the corporate elite thought to wield so much political power in Canada?
Q3) Collective bargaining is protected by the freedom of association clause in the Charter of Rights and Freedoms
A)True
B)False
Q4) Which group does NOT belong under the petite bourgeoisie class?
A)small business people
B)affluent farmers
C)self-employed professionals
D)civil servants
Q5) Class-consciousness in Canada is weakest among the new middle class.
A)True
B)False
Q6) The Canadian social safety net reached its height in the 1960s.
A)True
B)False
Q7) Explain the term "corporate welfare."
Q8) List five suggestions for how governments could improve the lot of the poor.
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Chapter 9: Other cleavages and identities: urban/rural location,
religion, and age
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Q1) Which two provinces were the last to handle divorces in their own courts?
A)Ontario and Quebec
B)Ontario and Newfoundland and Labrador
C)Quebec and Newfoundland and Labrador
D)Ontario and British Columbia
Q2) What was the first main religious demand in Canada?
A)establishing the Roman Catholic religion as the main dominant religion in Canada
B)establishing separate school systems for Roman Catholics and Protestants
C)establishing the Protestant religion as the main dominant religion in Canada
D)establishing a Roman Catholic-based constitution
Q3) Which of the following were protected by the Constitution Act, 1867?
A)separate protestant school minority rights in Quebec
B)separate school minority rights in both Quebec and Ontario
C)separate Catholic school minority rights in Ontario
D)separate school minority rights in Manitoba
Q4) Quebec has maintained a separate school system based on religious affiliation.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Explain the historical basis for a separate school system in Canada.
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Chapter 10: CanadaS external environment: the united states and the world
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Q1) How has the United States influenced Canada, in terms of economic and cultural influences?
Q2) The principle government response to the Gray Report was the creation of The National Energy Board
A)True
B)False
Q3) By 2011, Canada exported the most to the United States.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Canadian Anglophones spend about 72 percent of their television viewing time watching local programs
A)True
B)False
Q5) The Canada-U.S.Free Trade Agreement was not supposed to affect existing cultural programs.
A)True
B)False
Q7) Name five of the principle characteristics of globalization. Page 12
Q6) What are some of the benefits for Canada to establish a free trade agreement with the US?
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Chapter 11: The Canadian Political Culture
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Q1) One of the elements incorporated into the "Tory Touch" is elitism.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Which two parties do not have an equal counterpart to any American parties?
A)Conservative Party and Liberal Party
B)Liberal Party and NDP
C)Conservative Party and NDP
D)NDP and CCF
Q3) In traditional Canadian terms, popular sovereignty means frequent referenda.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Explain two of the five values that constitute the traditional Canadian political culture.
Q5) Three of the most significant cases involving a serious infringement of political freedom occurred at the federal level.
A)True
B)False
Q6) Explain the concept of limited identities and their importance for Canadian political values.
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Q7) How can Canadians achieve a balance between Individualism and Collectivism?
Chapter 12: Political socialization, the mass media, and
Public opinion polls
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Q1) What term is used to describe the sum total of opinions held by members of the public on any subject?
A)political culture
B)public interest
C)public opinion
D)public sector
Q2) Agenda setting deals with the manner in which information about an issue is presented.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The merging of different companies, cultures, and technologies is a mark of globalization often called convergence.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Francophones watch more drama on television than anything else.
A)True
B)False
Q5) The Toronto Star is read by more than 90 percent of media executives.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 13: Elections and the electoral system
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Q1) Manipulating constituency boundaries so as to ensure as far as possible the re-election of the members of the government party is known as glad-handing.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Who is disqualified from the voting process?
A)prisoners
B)people with mental disabilities
C)judges
D)chief electoral officers
Q3) What remedies to Canada's electoral system have been proposed to better reflect the distribution of the popular vote?
Q4) Prime Minister Harper eliminated all contributions made by corporations and trade unions to elections, nominations, and leadership candidates.
A)True
B)False
Q5) What are the primary functions of an election in the Canadian political system?
Q6) Describe Canada's "first past the post" electoral system.What are the advantages and disadvantages of this system?
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Chapter 14: Political parties and the party system
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Q1) Liberalism emphasizes government planning, regulation, ownership of some of the major industries, progressive taxation, and redistribution of income via social programs.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Explain the term "the iron law of oligarchy" as it relates to political parties.
Q3) The state-centred approach defends the broker system as necessary in a nation with many cleavages.
A)True
B)False
Q4) What is a variant of liberalism?
A)pluralist
B)welfare
C)religious
D)communist
Q5) How does party ideology in Canada apply to the major Canadian political parties?
Q6) The first bilingual Quebecker to become leader of the Progressive Conservative party was Pierre Elliot Trudeau.
A)True
B)False
Page 17
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Chapter 15: Parties, voting, and The election campaign
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Q1) Which party's 2011 platform was titled "Here for Canada"?
A)Liberals
B)Conservatives
C)NDP
D)Green
Q2) How do core values and beliefs influence how Canadians vote?
Q3) Explain the sociodemographic bases of political party support in Canada.
Q4) The Liberals would probably have won a majority in the 2004 election had it not been for the sponsorship scandal.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Regional factors have recently been the strongest sociodemographic influence in Canadian voting behaviour.
A)True
B)False
Q6) The overall average national voter turnout rate between 1900 and 1988 was 72 percent.
A)True
B)False
Q7) Why are leadership debates felt to be important in a national campaign?
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Chapter 16: Advocacy groups, social movements, and lobbying
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Q1) What lobbying technique are institutionalized advocacy groups most likely to use?
A)demonstrations and blockades
B)lobbying judges and court officials
C)lobbying the bureaucracy
D)lobbying members of Parliament
Q2) What are the functions of advocacy groups?
Q3) What group produces the annual Alternative Federal Budget document?
A)Canadian Chamber of Commerce
B)Canadian Labour Congress
C)Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives
D)Canadian Bar Association
Q4) The Canadian Federation of Agriculture is more of a radical group than the National Farmer's Union.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Discuss three explanations for why advocacy groups are sometimes successful and sometimes not.
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Q6) How do interest groups try to influence the bureaucracy and the executive branch of the government?
Chapter 17: The Canadian constitution and constitutional change
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Q1) Opponents of the Meech Lake Accord included women's, labour, and left-wing groups.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The Supreme Court ruled that the rest of Canada would be obliged to negotiate with Quebec if 50 percent + 1 voted in favour of a clear question.
A)True
B)False
Q3) What was the 1982 British statute that officially terminated all British authority over Canada?
A)British North America Act, 1982
B)Statute of Westminster
C)Canada Act
D)Charter of Rights and Freedoms
Q4) What concerns were raised regarding the Meech Lake Accord, 1982?
Q5) In 1993, Chretien's liberal party was elected not because of constitutional issues, but rather on the promise of improving the economy.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 18: The provinces and the federal system
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Q1) Province-building refers to the creation of provinces in the northern territories.
A)True
B)False
Q2) What are the conditions set out in the Canada Health Act, 1984 and how well have these been enforced?
Q3) Since 1867, how many formal constitutional amendments have been adopted that directly affect the federal-provincial division of powers?
A)2
B)3
C)4
D)5
Q4) Between 1867 and 1945, what type of federalism was classified as the first period of Canadian federalism?
A)quasi-federalism
B)classical federalism
C)emergency federalism
D)cooperative federalism
Q5) Explain the federal-provincial financial relationship since 1940.
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Chapter 19: The charter of rights and freedoms
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Q1) The Charter of Rights guarantees minority language education rights to any linguistic group where numbers warrant.
A)True
B)False
Q2) What were some of the significant events or issues that led to the creation of the Charter of Rights and Freedoms?
Q3) What rights are not enshrined in the Charter of Rights and Freedom, although it is recognized in law?
A)economic
B)equality
C)legal
D)language
Q4) What rights are covered under Sections 3-5 of the Charter of Rights and Freedoms?
A)democratic
B)legal
C)equality
D)fundamental
Q5) How are language rights protected under the Charter of Rights and Freedom?
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Chapter 20: Governing: the policymaking process and
policy instruments
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Q1) The War Measures Act was invoked during a severe flooding in Manitoba.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Describe and explain the significance of policy instruments?
Q3) The government loses revenue because of tax credits and tax exemptions as in the example of RRSPs.
A)True
B)False
Q4) What term describes a course of action or inaction chosen by public authorities to address a given problem or interrelated set of problems?
A)public policy
B)policy instruments
C)symbolic response
D)regulation
Q5) The principal players involved in any policy community are sometimes called stakeholders.
A)True
B)False
Q6) What are stakeholders and what is their role in determining public policy?
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Q1) What is an important principle of Cabinet operation?
A)collective responsibility
B)compulsory attendance
C)political equality
D)contribution to the budget
Q2) What is the formal written document that a minister submits to Cabinet to change government policy?
A)a Treasury Board submission
B)a Memorandum to Cabinet
C)a bill
D)a record of decision
Q3) Compare and contrast the concepts of individual ministerial responsibility and collective ministerial responsibility.
Q4) Since 1867, how many Prime Ministers have served at least a four-year term in office?
A)9
B)12
C)13
D)14
Q5) What are the advantages and disadvantages of the monarchy?
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Chapter 22: The bureaucracy
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Q1) Every province except Nova Scotia has supplemented other means of controlling the bureaucracy with the appointment of an ombudsman.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Who heads the different branches within a department?
A)minister
B)deputy minister
C)branch ministers
D)assistant deputy minister
Q3) The Official Languages Act of 1969 made the executive branch of government bilingual.
A)True
B)False
Q4) What is the purpose of Crown corporations?
Q5) What are the Estimates?
A)the spending proposals of each government department and agency
B)Statistics Canada projections of the population growth
C)Statistics Canada projections of the unemployment rate
D)Bank of Canada predictions of the growth of the national debt
Q6) What reforms were made to the bureaucracy under the New Public Management?
Page 25
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Chapter 22: The bureaucracy
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Q1) A parliamentary session always begins with the speech of throne prepared by the Prime Minister and read by the governor general.
A)True
B)False
Q2) How many hours a week are reserved for private member bills and motions?
A)2
B)5
C)10
D)15
Q3) What is a private member's bill?
A)a bill dealing with a specific individual, corporation, or institution
B)a bill introduced by an MP who is not in the Cabinet
C)a private bill
D)a bill introduced by an opposition MP
Q4) The Speaker of the House of Commons is now appointed by the prime minister.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Explain the relevance and significance of the Canadian senate.
Q6) Explain the concept of party discipline.
Q7) What are the functions and powers of the House of Commons?
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Chapter 24: The judiciary
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Q1) Reference cases are cases referred to the Supreme Court of Canada by provincial courts.
A)True
B)False
Q2) What term describes the principle that precedents are binding on successive decisions?
A)pro bono
B)caveat emptor
C)stare decisis
D)quo vadis
Q3) Which method is NOT currently used to reduce the costs of the administration of justice in Canada?
A)pre-trial conferences
B)plea bargaining
C)court challenges program
D)legal aid
Q4) Until 1949, all decisions made by the Supreme Court of Canada could be appealed to the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council.
A)True
B)False
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