Canadian Political Institutions
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Course Introduction
Canadian Political Institutions explores the structures, functions, and dynamics of the political system in Canada. The course examines the Constitution, federalism, and the roles of key institutions such as Parliament, the Prime Minister and Cabinet, the judiciary, and provincial governments. Students analyze the relationships between these institutions, the impact of political parties and electoral systems, and the processes of policy-making and governance. Attention is given to Indigenous governance, the Charter of Rights and Freedoms, and the ongoing evolution of Canadian political life in response to regional, cultural, and social factors.
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Canadian Politics Critical Approaches 7th Edition by Rand Dyck
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Page 2
Chapter 1: The study of politics
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Q1) Which of the following is NOT an example of a pressure group?
A)National Citizen's Coalition
B)The Federal Conservative Party of Canada
C)Women's Legal Education and Action Fund (LEAF)
D)Mother's Against Drunk Drivers (MADD)
Answer: B
Q2) In the class analysis approach, the political elite takes orders from the capitalist elite and the state is an instrument of bourgeois domination.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) The notion that the operations of the state are so extensive that they are connected to virtually every aspect of society is called the state-centred approach.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Chapter 2: Institutional foundations and the evolution of the state
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Q1) Which of the following is one of the fundamental principles of the Canadian constitution?
A)separation of powers
B)colonialism
C)multiculturalism
D)judicial review
Answer: D
Q2) The Westminster model is a system of government that provides for a strong legislature.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q3) In the Westminster model of government, what constitutes the core of the parliamentary system?
A)the legislative assembly
B)the bureaucracy
C)the prime minister and the Cabinet
D)the judiciary
Answer: C
Page 4
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Chapter 3: Regionalism
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Q1) Crown corporations are created for the purpose of public-private partnerships.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) Which approach does the staples theory best overlap with?
A)pluralism
B)political psychology
C)class analysis
D)rational choice theory
Answer: C
Q3) Which province leads the forestry industry?
A)Ontario
B)Quebec
C)New Brunswick
D)British Columbia
Answer: D
Q4) The James Bay hydroelectric project is in Quebec.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Page 5
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Chapter 4: Aboriginal peoples
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Q1) Compare and contrast the 1995 Royal Commission on Aboriginal Peoples and the 1997 response of the Chrétien government.
Q2) Which statement best describes the Indian Act?
A)It attempted to assimilate Aboriginals into the new white majority.
B)It is a model of Aboriginal self-government.
C)It is based on the Royal Proclamation of 1763.
D)It has no bearing on contemporary Aboriginal issues.
Q3) Indians living on reserves gained the right to vote in federal elections in 1960.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Compare and contrast the three main governance options that address the condition of Aboriginal life in Canada.Which of these options best benefits the Aboriginal people in Canada?
Q5) What sparked the Aboriginal movement in Canada?
A)the Quiet Revolution
B)the Official Languages Act
C)the White Paper
D)the Meech Lake Accord
Q6) What is meant by the term "Aboriginal self-government"?
Page 6
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Chapter 5: french canada and the quebec question
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Q1) The sponsorship scandal of the federal Liberal party led to an increase in support for sovereignty within Quebec.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The largest francophone minority, expressed as a percentage of provincial population, is found in New Brunswick.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Known as the Charter of the French Language, what law made French predominant in the province of Quebec?
A)Bill 7
B)Bill 8
C)Bill 101
D)the Official Languages Act
Q4) Outline French-English relations within two of the following provinces: New Brunswick, Ontario, and Manitoba.
Q5) Quebec has had two referendums on sovereignty issues.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 6: Ethnocultural minorities
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Q1) What were the basic objectives of Trudeau's multiculturalism policy?
Q2) Trace the history of immigration patterns in Canada from the 1860s to the present.
Q3) What approach best describes Canadian ethnoculture during the pre-1970s period?
A)state-based
B)pluralist
C)class analysis
D)public choice
Q4) In recent years, the bulk of immigrants to Canada have come from the Caribbean.
A)True
B)False
Q5) The Chrétien government enacted a new Immigration and Refugee Protection Act in 2002.What was one of its objectives?
A)to increase the levels of immigration
B)to decrease the emphasis on higher education
C)to decrease the emphasis on English or French language fluency
D)to decrease the levels of immigration
Q6) What are some of the advancements in Canadian policies that have contributed toward creating equality and overcoming discrimination among ethnic Canadians?
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Chapter 7: Gender
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Q1) What is the significance of Section 28 of the Charter of Rights and Freedoms?
A)It provides equality for all people, regardless of age, race, or religion.
B)It protects women's rights from use of the notwithstanding clause.
C)It allows provincial governments to infringe on equality rights of minorities.
D)It protects the French language and culture outside Quebec.
Q2) What province was last to extend women's right to vote in provincial elections?
A)Alberta
B)Manitoba
C)Quebec
D)Saskatchewan
Q3) The ruling in the Persons case was that women could sit in the House of Commons.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Who was the first woman in Canada elected to lead a major national party?
A)Alexa McDonough
B)Audrey McLaughlin
C)Elizabeth May
D)Flora MacDonald
Q5) What were the major concerns of second-wave feminists?
Q6) What are some of the major challenges that women face regarding employment?
Page 9
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Chapter 8: Class
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Q1) Class-consciousness in Canada is weakest among the new middle class.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The new middle class includes salaried professionals.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Why are the corporate elite thought to wield so much political power in Canada?
Q4) What are some of the significant differences between the "old" and the "new" middle class?
Q5) Karl Marx divided society in a capitalist economy into two separate classes.What did he call these two classes?
A)the petite bourgeoisie and the corporate elite
B)the poor and the rich
C)the bourgeoisie and proletariat
D)the upper and middle
Q6) Explain the term "corporate welfare."
Q7) The Social Credit Party pioneered hospital and medical insurance at the provincial level in Saskatchewan.
A)True B)False
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Chapter 9: Other cleavages and identities: urban/rural location, religion, and age
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Q1) What group usually supports mandatory retirement?
A)young people
B)seniors
C)trade unions
D)the political elite
Q2) How is party preference split between urban and rural areas?
Q3) As early as the 1980s, the recital of the Lord's Prayer in Ontario public schools was outlawed unless it was accompanied by readings from other religious groups.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The Liberal party has essentially been a rural party for generations.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Which of the following were protected by the Constitution Act, 1867?
A)separate protestant school minority rights in Quebec
B)separate school minority rights in both Quebec and Ontario
C)separate Catholic school minority rights in Ontario
D)separate school minority rights in Manitoba
Q6) What is the future for Canada's population?
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Chapter
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Q1) Which of the following is NOT a means of combating the extent of U.S.ownership of Canadian industry?
A)P.Trudeau
B)B.Mulroney
C)J.Chretien
D)P.Martin
Q2) The Canada-U.S.Free Trade Agreement was not supposed to affect existing cultural programs.
A)True
B)False
Q3) GATT replaced the Foreign Investment Review Agency in 1984.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The Canadian Auto Workers union was originally part of the United Auto Workers Union.
A)True
B)False
Q5) What have been the results of the Free Trade agreement and NAFTA for Canada?
Page 12
Q6) How has the United States influenced Canada, in terms of economic and cultural influences?
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Chapter 11: The Canadian Political Culture
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Q1) In traditional Canadian terms, popular sovereignty means frequent referenda.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Explain two of the five values that constitute the traditional Canadian political culture.
Q3) Separatists centre on the "limited identities" and subcultures that characterize Canadian society.
A)True
B)False
Q4) One of the elements incorporated into the "Tory Touch" is elitism.
A)True
B)False
Q5) How is popular sovereignty normally expressed in Canada?
A)referendums
B)appointment of judges
C)regular elections
D)popular sovereignty does not exist in Canada
Q6) What are thought to be the distinguishing features between Canadian and U.S.values?
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Q7) How can Canadians achieve a balance between Individualism and Collectivism?
Chapter 12: Political socialization, the mass media, and Public opinion polls
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Q1) Francophones watch more drama on television than anything else.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Agenda setting deals with the manner in which information about an issue is presented.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Who owns the Toronto Sun?
A)Quebecor/Sun Media
B)Black Press
C)Continental
D)Transcontinental
Q4) The classic case of a church influencing the political values, attitudes, and opinions of its members was the Roman Catholic Church in Quebec.
A)True
B)False
Q5) The Toronto Star is read by more than 90 percent of media executives.
A)True
B)False
Q6) How is the media involved in political agenda-setting? Page 15
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Chapter 13: Elections and the electoral system
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Q1) Describe Canada's "first past the post" electoral system.What are the advantages and disadvantages of this system?
Q2) Who is disqualified from the voting process?
A)prisoners
B)people with mental disabilities
C)judges
D)chief electoral officers
Q3) Prime Minister Harper eliminated all contributions made by corporations and trade unions to elections, nominations, and leadership candidates.
A)True
B)False
Q4) What type of government is most often produced by the first-past-the-post electoral system?
A)minority
B)dual party
C)popular
D)majority
Q5) What remedies to Canada's electoral system have been proposed to better reflect the distribution of the popular vote?
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Chapter 14: Political parties and the party system
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Q1) Liberalism emphasizes government planning, regulation, ownership of some of the major industries, progressive taxation, and redistribution of income via social programs.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Where in the ideological spectrum is the Liberal Party located?
A)left
B)centre
C)right
D)centre left
Q3) Explain the term "the iron law of oligarchy" as it relates to political parties.
Q4) The "Parliamentary party" is made up of the party's members of Parliament.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Explain the ideological differences between conservatism, social democracy, and liberalism.
Q6) The CCF party was less socialistic than the current NDP party.
A)True
B)False
Q7) How does party ideology in Canada apply to the major Canadian political parties?
Page 18
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Chapter 15: Parties, voting, and The election campaign
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Q1) In the pre-writ period, researching solutions for national problems is normally a priority of national parties.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Which party developed the Constituency Information Management System (CIMS)?
A)Liberal Party
B)Conservative Party
C)NDP
D)Green Party
Q3) Traditionally, which party have French Canadians (from both in and out of Quebec) voted for?
A)Conservatives
B)Bloc Quebecois
C)NDP
D)Liberals
Q4) Describe how an individual candidate competes for office at the local level?
Q5) The Roman Catholic support for the Liberal party has exponentially increased over the past decade.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 16: Advocacy groups, social movements, and lobbying
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Q1) Canadian Aboriginal and women's groups use the United Nations to further their domestic causes.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Advocacy groups tend to increase their public profile once an election has been called.
A)True
B)False
Q3) What group produces the annual Alternative Federal Budget document?
A)Canadian Chamber of Commerce
B)Canadian Labour Congress
C)Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives
D)Canadian Bar Association
Q4) The Gomery Report on the Quebec sponsorship scandal under Chrétien supported further revisions to the lobbying registration scheme.
A)True
B)False
Q5) What are the functions of advocacy groups?
Page 20
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Chapter 17: The Canadian constitution and constitutional change
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Q1) How have the constitutional changes affected Aboriginal Canadians?
Q2) The Supreme Court ruled that Quebec had a right to a unilateral declaration of independence based on both international law and the Canadian Constitution.
A)True
B)False
Q3) What makes up the formal, legal documents of the Canadian Constitution?
A)the Constitution Act, 1867; the Constitution Act, 1982; and certain British and Canadian Statutes
B)the Constitution Act, 1867; the Statute of Westminster; and the Constitution Act, 1982
C)the Constitution Act, 1867; the Constitution Act, 1982; and the Bill of Rights
D)the Constitution Act, 1867; the Constitution Act, 1982; and the Charter
Q4) Which section of the Charter ensures that Aboriginal and treaty rights are not diminished by the Charter?
A)Section 35
B)Section 25
C)Section 30
D)Section 20
Q5) How does a written constitution differ from an unwritten one?
Page 21
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Chapter 18: The provinces and the federal system
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Q1) Which statement best describes the Canadian Health and Social Transfer?
A)It lumped health, postsecondary education, and social assistance grants together.
B)It increased federal contributions to the provinces.
C)It outlawed provincial workfare schemes.
D)It transferred all responsibility for health and social programs to the provinces.
Q2) Which section of the Constitution Act, 1867 covers provincial powers?
A)Section 90
B)Section 91
C)Section 92
D)Section 95
Q3) How do federal-provincial relations affect the environment and Aboriginals in Canada?
Q4) The federally appointed lieutenant governor has an alternative to giving royal assent to a provincial law.
A)True
B)False
Q5) What are the conditions set out in the Canada Health Act, 1984 and how well have these been enforced?
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Chapter 19: The charter of rights and freedoms
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Q1) How are language rights protected under the Charter of Rights and Freedom?
Q2) Property rights are not generally considered part of civil liberties in Canada.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The Supreme Court overturned the 1978 Bill of Rights decision that allowed the Unemployment Insurance Commission to discriminate against pregnant women.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The Askov decision deals with a time restriction between a preliminary hearing and a trial.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Saskatchewan and Quebec have both applied the notwithstanding clause at some point.
A)True
B)False
Q6) How are rights and freedoms classified? How have they historically been protected?
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Chapter 20: Governing: the policymaking process and policy instruments
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Q1) Taxation has the effect of constraining behaviour in actually taking something tangible away from the individuals and corporations on whom it is imposed.
A)True
B)False
Q2) What are minimum wage laws, highway speed limits, building codes, rent controls, and bilingual labelling examples of?
A)exhortation
B)regulation
C)neoconservatism
D)public expenditures
Q3) The government loses revenue because of tax credits and tax exemptions as in the example of RRSPs.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Air Canada used to be a crown corporation that has since been privatized.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Describe and explain the significance of policy instruments?
Q6) Explain the six phases of the policymaking process.
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Chapter
21: The executive: crown, prime minister, and cabinet
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Q1) A Canadian constitutional convention requires that each province be represented in the Cabinet.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The Treasury Board is a section of the Department of Finance.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The speech from the throne is written and delivered by the governor general.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Who is regarded as the highest-ranking public servant?
A)governor of the Bank of Canada
B)chief of Staff
C)clerk of the Privy Council and secretary to the Cabinet
D)auditor general
Q5) Individual ministerial responsibility means that all ministers must publicly defend all Cabinet policies or else resign.
A)True
B)False
Q6) What are the advantages and disadvantages of the monarchy? Page 25
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Chapter 22: The bureaucracy
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Q1) Public servants in a department share four basic characteristics: they are expected to be expert, permanent, anonymous, and impartial.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Who handles human resources and financial and expenditure management?
A)Public Service Commission
B)Prime Minister's Office
C)Department of Finance
D)Treasury Board Secretariat
Q3) The principle of individual ministerial responsibility means that ministers must resign for mistakes made by their officials.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Which official provides an annual report of government funds that have been unlawfully or unwisely spent?
A)Auditor General
B)Information Commissioner
C)Environmental Commissioner
D)Comptroller of the Treasury
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Chapter 22: The bureaucracy
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Q1) Ontario has the most number of seats in the House of Commons with 106 seats.
A)True
B)False
Q2) If a nonconfidence motion passes, the government must do one of two things.One option is to resign.What is the second option?
A)Ask the governor general for another chance.
B)Ask the Opposition for another chance.
C)Hold a referendum.
D)Call an election.
Q3) The Speaker of the House of Commons is now appointed by the prime minister.
A)True
B)False
Q4) What is a private member's bill?
A)a bill dealing with a specific individual, corporation, or institution
B)a bill introduced by an MP who is not in the Cabinet
C)a private bill
D)a bill introduced by an opposition MP
Q5) There were 12 minority governments between 1867 and 2011.
A)True
B)False
28
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Chapter 24: The judiciary
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Q1) Most aspects of criminal law in Canada are within provincial jurisdiction.
A)True
B)False
Q2) How many cases per day does the Supreme Court of Canada usually hear when it is in session?
A)1
B)2
C)3
D)4
Q3) What are some of the main similarities and differences between civil and criminal law?
Q4) What are some of the issues and challenges that come with appointing judges?
Q5) Out of the nine Supreme Court justices, how many must originate from Quebec?
A)0
B)1
C)3
D)6
Q6) Federal court of Canada judges have a mandatory retirement age of 75 years. A)True
B)False
Page 29
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