Canadian Federalism Final Exam Questions
Course Introduction
Canadian Federalism explores the historical development, constitutional framework, and contemporary functioning of federalism in Canada. The course examines the division of powers between federal and provincial governments, the evolution of intergovernmental relations, and the roles of Indigenous governance and municipalities. Key topics include constitutional amendments, fiscal federalism, legal interpretations of federal and provincial jurisdiction, and the impact of federalism on public policy areas such as healthcare, immigration, and environmental regulation. Students will also analyze challenges to Canadian federalism, such as regionalism, nationalism, and debates about decentralization and constitutional reform.
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Canadian Politics Critical Approaches 7th Edition by Rand Dyck
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Page 2
Chapter 1: The study of politics
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Q1) Government authority is based on accountability.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) The state-centred approach views those individuals endowed with the authority to formulate and implement public policies as basically autonomous from the rest of society.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) The Marxist approach is synonymous with the class approach.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q4) Which of the following form the four branches of government?
A)the executive, the bureaucracy, the legislature, and the judiciary
B)the authorities, the legislature, the executive, and the administration
C)the executive, the courts, the management, and Parliament
D)the Parliament, the Senate, the courts, and the executive
Answer: A
Page 3
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Chapter 2: Institutional foundations and the evolution of the state
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Q1) Newfoundland and Labrador was the last province to be added to Canada.
A)True
B)False Answer: True
Q2) What is the significance of the Royal Proclamation of 1763?
A)It transferred control of Quebec from France to Britain.
B)It created a legislative assembly in Quebec.
C)It attempted to protect the interests of Aboriginal peoples.
D)It combined French civil law with British criminal law.
Answer: C
Q3) Which of the following is one of the fundamental principles of the Canadian constitution?
A)separation of powers
B)colonialism
C)multiculturalism
D)judicial review
Answer: D
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Chapter 3: Regionalism
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Q1) Why are crown corporations created?
A)for a public policy purpose
B)as a regulatory agency
C)with the intention of maximizing their profits
D)with the hope of becoming privatized as quickly as possible
Answer: A
Q2) Which of the following best exemplifies a public-private partnership (P3)?
A)the creation of Trans-Canada Airlines
B)the Construction of the Confederation Bridge
C)the National Energy Program
D)the Creation of the Trans-Canada highway
Answer: B
Q3) Class analysts emphasize that federal policies facilitate the accumulation of capital among central Canadian corporations.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Chapter 4: Aboriginal peoples
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Q1) According to the terms of the Indian Act, what term refers to those Aboriginal Canadians registered with the federal government?
A)status Indians
B)non-status Indians
C)enfranchised Indians
D)North American Indians
Q2) Which statement best represents the recommendations of the White Paper?
A)It reasserted the importance of the Indian Act.
B)It recognized the importance of group consciousness.
C)It recommended the government further develop the treaty relationship between Aboriginal peoples and other Canadians.
D)It recommended a complete integration of Aboriginal peoples into Canadian society.
Q3) Which statement best describes the Indian Act?
A)It attempted to assimilate Aboriginals into the new white majority.
B)It is a model of Aboriginal self-government.
C)It is based on the Royal Proclamation of 1763.
D)It has no bearing on contemporary Aboriginal issues.
Q4) What is meant by the term "Aboriginal self-government"?
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Chapter 5: french canada and the quebec question
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Q1) Which statement best describes Quebec nationalism before 1960?
A)French nationalism was largely subconscious.
B)French nationalism was inward looking and defensive.
C)French nationalism was loosely connected with the Roman Catholic Church.
D)French nationalism had strong ties to France.
Q2) What is la francophonie?
A)an organization of French-speaking states
B)a Canadian pressure group representing all francophones
C)an association representing the interests of francophones outside Quebec
D)the satellite carrying French-language communications
Q3) Whose government established the Royal Commission on Bilingualism and Biculturalism?
A)Pearson
B)Trudeau
C)Duplessis
D)King
Q4) How can one apply the pluralist and state-based approaches to the discussion of French-English relations in Canada?
Q5) Explain the evolution of linguistic conflicts in Canada.How did these conflicts progress?
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Chapter 6: Ethnocultural minorities
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Q1) The Chrétien government enacted a new Immigration and Refugee Protection Act in 2002.What was one of its objectives?
A)to increase the levels of immigration
B)to decrease the emphasis on higher education
C)to decrease the emphasis on English or French language fluency
D)to decrease the levels of immigration
Q2) Immigration is a concurrent constitutional responsibility between both the federal and provincial governments.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Which of the following is NOT a category of permanent residents?
A)Family Class
B)Economic Class
C)Refugees
D)Foreign Workers
Q4) Some critics argue that multiculturalism emphasizes our differences rather than our similarities as Canadians.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 7: Gender
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Q1) What were the major concerns of second-wave feminists?
Q2) Bill C-38 recognized the legality of same-sex marriage. A)True
B)False
Q3) The "second wave" of the women's movement began about 1945. A)True
B)False
Q4) The National Action Committee on the Status of Women (NAC) was the foremost women's pressure group in the 1970s and 1980s, but has now virtually collapsed. A)True
B)False
Q5) How has representation of women in politics and government progressed in the last century?
Q6) Martha Black was the first woman elected to the House of Commons. A)True B)False
Q7) What were the main concerns of first-wave feminists?
Q8) What is meant by the term "feminization of poverty"?
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Q9) What are some of the major challenges that women face regarding employment?
Chapter 8: Class
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Q1) The Canadian social safety net reached its height in the 1960s.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Within the apparatus of government, what is often seen as a lobby for big business?
A)House of Commons
B)judiciary
C)bureaucracy
D)Senate
Q3) What are some of the significant differences between the "old" and the "new" middle class?
Q4) Collective bargaining is protected by the freedom of association clause in the Charter of Rights and Freedoms
A)True
B)False
Q5) The Largest union in Canada is the Canadian Union of Public Employees (CUPE)
A)True
B)False
Q6) List five suggestions for how governments could improve the lot of the poor.
Q7) Why are the corporate elite thought to wield so much political power in Canada?
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Chapter 9: Other cleavages and identities: urban/rural location, religion, and age
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Q1) What percentage of the Canadian population lives in Ontario and Quebec?
A)52
B)55
C)62
D)72
Q2) Why was gun control legislation opposed by a majority of rural voters?
A)Many rural residents rely on hunting as a food source.
B)Hunting is a traditional part of rural culture.
C)It was felt registration would lead to confiscation.
D)Most rural residents reject state involvement in their daily lives.
Q3) As early as the 1980s, the recital of the Lord's Prayer in Ontario public schools was outlawed unless it was accompanied by readings from other religious groups.
A)True
B)False
Q4) What are some of the historical concerns of seniors within the Canadian political system?
Q5) What is the future for Canada's population?
Q6) What are the key characteristics of rural Canada today?
Q7) How is party preference split between urban and rural areas?
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Chapter 10: CanadaS external environment: the united states and the world
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Q1) The principle government response to the Gray Report was the creation of The National Energy Board
A)True
B)False
Q2) Canadian Anglophones spend about 72 percent of their television viewing time watching local programs
A)True
B)False
Q3) U.S.branch plants first proliferated in Canada following the introduction of the Canada-U.S.Free Trade Agreement.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of globalization?
A)comprehensive free trade agreements
B)mega-mergers of large transnational corporations
C)removal of state controls on corporate behaviour
D)decreasing the mobility of capital
Q5) Name five of the principle characteristics of globalization.
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Q6) What have been the results of the Free Trade agreement and NAFTA for Canada?
Chapter 11: The Canadian Political Culture
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Q1) Pluralists deride the notion of "one person, one vote" as a genuine measure of political equality.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Three of the most significant cases involving a serious infringement of political freedom occurred at the federal level.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Seymour Martin Lipset coined the "fragment theory".
A)True
B)False
Q4) What are thought to be the distinguishing features between Canadian and U.S.values?
Q5) Which of the following best describes political equality in a democracy?
A)regular elections
B)one person, one vote
C)equal rights for all members of society
D)representation by population
Q6) How can Canadians achieve a balance between Individualism and Collectivism?
Page 13
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Chapter 12: Political socialization, the mass media, and Public opinion polls
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Q1) How is the media involved in political agenda-setting?
Q2) Francophones watch more drama on television than anything else.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Agenda setting deals with the manner in which information about an issue is presented.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Which of the following increases a person's degree of political participation?
A)newspaper consumption
B)television viewership
C)radio listenership
D)Internet consumption
Q5) The classic case of a church influencing the political values, attitudes, and opinions of its members was the Roman Catholic Church in Quebec.
A)True
B)False
Q6) How is public opinion in Canada measured?
Q7) Explain the class-analysis approach toward political socialization.
Q8) Compare and contrast the different agents of political socialization. Page 14
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Chapter 13: Elections and the electoral system
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Q1) Who is in charge of the election process?
A)the governor general
B)the prime minister
C)the chief electoral officer
D)the elections commissioner
Q2) A province cannot have fewer Commons seats than it has provincial legislators.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The percentage of all votes cast that is won by a candidate or a party, regardless of who was elected, is called the qualified majority.
A)True
B)False
Q4) What was the first election finance scandal to come to light in Canada?
A)the Beauharnois scandal
B)the Rivard scandal
C)the Gagliano scandal
D)the Pacific scandal
Q5) What are the primary functions of an election in the Canadian political system?
Q6) Describe how election financing has evolved since pre-1974?
Page 16
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Chapter 14: Political parties and the party system
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Q1) Which Prime Minister was disgraced by the Pacific Scandal?
A)McKenzie
B)Borden
C)MacDonald
D)Meighen
Q2) What is an organized group that makes nominations and contests elections in the hope of influencing the policies and personnel of government?
A)a pressure group
B)an interest group
C)a political party
D)public opinion polls
Q3) What party system categorized the decade between 1993 and 2003?
A)two-plus party system
B)two-plus-two party system
C)multiparty system
D)three party system
Q4) Liberals can be divided into two very distinct categories: welfare and business.
A)True
B)False
Q5) How does party ideology in Canada apply to the major Canadian political parties?
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Chapter 15: Parties, voting, and The election campaign
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Q1) Which statements best reflects national media advertising campaign?
A)It is normally the most expensive part of the election campaign.
B)No party can spend any more than another.
C)All broadcasting time is paid for from the public purse.
D)No party is allowed to use foreign advisers.
Q2) In 2000, there was little evidence of class-based voting, but the government's performance was a significant factor.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Which group, regardless of ethnic background, has a historic tendency to vote Liberal?
A)the unemployed
B)Albertans
C)farmers
D)Roman Catholics
Q4) Younger voters in Quebec prefer the Bloc Quebecois than any other party.
A)True
B)False
Q5) What role do the media play in a party's election campaign?
Q6) Describe how an individual candidate competes for office at the local level?
Page 18
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Chapter 16: Advocacy groups, social movements, and lobbying
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Q1) How do interest groups try to influence the bureaucracy and the executive branch of the government?
Q2) What group produces the annual Alternative Federal Budget document?
A)Canadian Chamber of Commerce
B)Canadian Labour Congress
C)Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives
D)Canadian Bar Association
Q3) The Gomery Report on the Quebec sponsorship scandal under Chrétien supported further revisions to the lobbying registration scheme.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Which statement does NOT describe pressure groups?
A)They assist a department in disseminating government information to a specialized audience.
B)They have delegated powers of self-regulation.
C)They are represented on advisory committees.
D)They are unaffected by elite accommodation.
Q5) What are the functions of advocacy groups?
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Chapter 17: The Canadian constitution and constitutional change
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Q1) A distinct society clause was NOT part of the Canada clause.
A)True
B)False
Q2) What province was NOT part of the new Dominion of Canada that was formed through the Constitution Act of 1867?
A)Nova Scotia
B)Prince Edward Island
C)New Brunswick
D)Ontario
Q3) What makes up the formal, legal documents of the Canadian Constitution?
A)the Constitution Act, 1867; the Constitution Act, 1982; and certain British and Canadian Statutes
B)the Constitution Act, 1867; the Statute of Westminster; and the Constitution Act, 1982
C)the Constitution Act, 1867; the Constitution Act, 1982; and the Bill of Rights
D)the Constitution Act, 1867; the Constitution Act, 1982; and the Charter
Q4) How have the constitutional changes affected Aboriginal Canadians?
Q5) How does a written constitution differ from an unwritten one?
Page 20
Q6) What concerns were raised regarding the Meech Lake Accord, 1982?
Q7) Explain the significance of the Clarity Act.
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Chapter 18: The provinces and the federal system
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Q1) Which statement best describes the Canadian Health and Social Transfer?
A)It lumped health, postsecondary education, and social assistance grants together.
B)It increased federal contributions to the provinces.
C)It outlawed provincial workfare schemes.
D)It transferred all responsibility for health and social programs to the provinces.
Q2) The Canada Health Act allows the federal government to penalize provinces that do not cover all necessary health services provided by hospitals and medical practitioners.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The Macdonald era from 1867 to 1896 can be labelled one of classical federalism. A)True
B)False
Q4) Province-building refers to the creation of provinces in the northern territories. A)True
B)False
Q5) Explain the federal-provincial financial relationship since 1940.
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Chapter 19: The charter of rights and freedoms
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Q1) Greg Hein shows that New Left advocates have been the single biggest interest in taking Charter cases to the courts.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Saskatchewan and Quebec have both applied the notwithstanding clause at some point.
A)True
B)False
Q3) What are the arguments levied against an increased role of the courts in the political process?
Q4) Which did the courts consider an infringement on freedom of religion?
A)the Ontario Retail Business Holidays Act
B)Ontario's Separate School System
C)the Lord's Day Act
D)blood transfusions for minors against their parents' religious wishes
Q5) How are rights and freedoms classified? How have they historically been protected?
Q6) How are language rights protected under the Charter of Rights and Freedom?
Q7) What is the notwithstanding clause? Explain the controversy that surrounds this section of the charter.
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Chapter 20: Governing: the policymaking process and
policy instruments
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Q1) Air Canada used to be a crown corporation that has since been privatized.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Explain the six phases of the policymaking process.
Q3) In terms of government intervention, explain how the role of the state has evolved over the last 100 years.
Q4) Since the mid-1980s, governments have increasingly been engaged in nationalization.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Describe and explain the significance of policy instruments?
Q6) What term describes the different techniques of government intervention in society?
A)policy communities
B)policy approaches
C)policy initiatives
D)policy instruments
Q7) The War Measures Act was invoked during a severe flooding in Manitoba.
A)True
B)False
Page 23
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Chapter 21: The executive: crown, prime minister, and cabinet
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Q1) The Canadian head of state is the prime minister.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The Treasury Board is a section of the Department of Finance.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Balancing ethnic representation in Parliament is a cabinet-making convention in Canada
A)True
B)False
Q4) Compare and contrast the concepts of individual ministerial responsibility and collective ministerial responsibility.
Q5) Institutionalized cabinets were a characteristic of the Canadian cabinet before 1960. A)True
B)False
Q6) Differentiate between the different central agencies.How significant are their functions and roles in Canadian politics?
Q7) What are the advantages and disadvantages of the monarchy?
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Chapter 22: The bureaucracy
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Q1) Which occupational category does nursing fall under?
A)Management
B)Scientific and Professional
C)Technical
D)Operational
Q2) The principle of individual ministerial responsibility means that ministers must resign for mistakes made by their officials.
A)True
B)False
Q3) What reforms to the bureaucracy were proposed by the Gomery Inquiry?
Q4) An elaborate, expensive investigation set up by the Cabinet to make recommendations on a significant policy problem is called a task force.
A)True
B)False
Q5) How are responsibility and accountability managed in departments?
Q6) Public servants in a department share four basic characteristics: they are expected to be expert, permanent, anonymous, and impartial.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 22: The bureaucracy
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Q1) A parliamentary session always begins with the speech of throne prepared by the Prime Minister and read by the governor general.
A)True
B)False
Q2) What term refers to MPs who are NOT Cabinet ministers or holders of other important positions in their parliamentary party?
A)members
B)backbenchers
C)drones
D)party whips
Q3) The Speaker of the House of Commons is now appointed by the prime minister.
A)True
B)False
Q4) How many days are allotted as opposition days?
A)19
B)20
C)21
D)22
Q5) What are the stages of a bill becoming a law?
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Chapter 24: The judiciary
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Q1) In 2011, which type of law had the most appeals on the Supreme Court of Canada's docket?
A)civil
B)family
C)commercial
D)criminal
Q2) Ontario is the only province that requires legislation in order to remove a provincial court judge.
A)True
B)False
Q3) What term describes the principle that precedents are binding on successive decisions?
A)pro bono
B)caveat emptor
C)stare decisis
D)quo vadis
Q4) The federal cabinet appoints provincial superior court judges.
A)True
B)False
Q5) What are the powers of the Supreme Court of Canada?
Page 27
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