Business, Government, and Society
Mock Exam
Course Introduction
This course examines the intricate relationships among businesses, government institutions, and society at large. Through the exploration of regulatory frameworks, ethical considerations, and the impact of public policy, students will analyze how corporations influence and are influenced by political and societal forces. Topics include corporate social responsibility, stakeholder management, lobbying, global governance, and the balancing of economic and social goals. Real-world examples and case studies are used to highlight contemporary issues and the role of business in creating sustainable solutions to the challenges faced by society.
Recommended Textbook
Business and Society Stakeholders Ethics Public Policy 14th Edition by Anne Lawrence
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Page 2
Chapter 1: The Corporation and Its Stakeholders
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Sample Questions
Q1) The five types of stakeholders' power recognized by most experts are:
A) Voting, economic, political, legal, and informational power.
B) Social, legal, environmental, economic, and political power.
C) Social, regulatory, voting, governance, and media power.
D) Economic, media, legal, stockholder, and political power.
Answer: A
Q2) Which of the following statements is(are)correct about stakeholders' power?
A) Different stakeholders have different types and degrees of power.
B) Stockholders' voting power is limited to the percentage of stock owned by the stockholder.
C) It uses resources to achieve a desired decision or outcome.
D) All of the above.
Answer: D
Q3) What kind of power might a local community use to influence a company's decisions?
A) Publicizing an issue.
B) Lobbying government policy makers for regulations.
C) Challenging whether a business activity should continue to operate.
D) All of the above.
Answer: D
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Chapter 2: Managing Public Issues and Stakeholder Relationships
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Q1) When working well,the issue management process:
A) Is static and never pulls in additional information that would disturb the balance.
B) Generates two specific options for each issue.
C) Minimizes dialogue with the stakeholders and focuses on short-term survival.
D) Continuously cycles back to the beginning and repeats.
Answer: D
Q2) Once an issue has been identified,its implications must be:
A) Acted upon.
B) Analyzed.
C) Segmented.
D) Deleted.
Answer: B
Q3) Overtime,the nature of business's relationship with its stakeholders often:
A) Remains static.
B) Evolves through a series of stages.
C) Becomes more hostile.
D) None of the above.
Answer: B
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Chapter 3: The Corporations Social Responsibilities
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Q1) Which of the following statements is true about corporate social responsibility?
A) Businesses should monitor and prevent social problems in advance of their becoming major issues.
B) A company should seek maximum profits from its operations in order to provide the best for society.
C) Corporations should be accountable for any actions that affect people, their communities, and the environment.
D) Both A and C, but not
Answer: D
Q2) When businesses bring products and services to the many people in the world who have traditionally been beyond the reach of global commerce,they are said to be:
A) Serving the top of the triangle.
B) Reaching the bottom of the globe.
C) Serving the bottom of the pyramid.
D) Focusing on the ends of the supply chain.
Answer: C
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5
Chapter 4: Ethics and Ethical Reasoning
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Q1) Business cannot expect to be profitable while adhering to ethical principles of conduct.
A)True
B)False
Q2) According to utilitarian reasoning,an action is ethically preferred when its benefits outweigh its costs.
A)True
B)False
Q3) A purchasing agent directing her company's orders to a firm which she received a valuable gift,is an example of:
A) Conflict of interest.
B) Ethical relativism.
C) Moral development.
D) Egotism.
Q4) Business must develop its own definition of what is right and wrong,apart from ethics.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Briefly discuss the meaning of ethics.
Q6) Discuss why businesses should be ethical.
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Chapter 5: Organizational Ethics and the Law
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Q1) Most ethics or compliance officers are generally entrusted to:
A) Act as a liaison between the company and the Securities and Exchange Commission.
B) Reduce the risks to the company of employee misconduct.
C) Annually distribute copies of the company's code of ethics to all interested stakeholders.
D) Arrange for ethics training for employees at a nearby university.
Q2) In the United States,most ethics policies are primarily based on the company's mission and vision.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Define law.Discuss the differences between law and ethics.
Q4) Recipients of the corporate ethics awards show that:
A) Awards are based on economic power, not ethical performance.
B) Firms can be financially successful and ethically focused.
C) Being legally compliant results in receiving an ethics award.
D) Improving ethical performance is very costly, but bolsters a firm's reputation.
Q5) Construct a comprehensive ethics program using four of the six ethical safeguards identified in the textbook.
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Page 7
Chapter 6: The Challenges of Globalization
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Q1) Experts attribute the growth of nongovernmental organizations to:
A) The creation of global stock exchanges and enhanced currency transactions.
B) The globalization of marketing and converging consumer preferences.
C) Greater openness in many societies.
D) All of the above.
Q2) An individual who is a supporter of globalization would argue that it helps the developing world by:
A) Giving entrepreneurs access to foreign investment funds to support economic development.
B) Allowing new ideas and technological innovations to spread quickly.
C) Providing people in developing countries with more jobs.
D) All of the above.
Q3) Most nations in the world share similar political,social and economic beliefs.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The primary purpose of the International Monetary Fund is to:
A) Lend foreign currency to member countries.
B) Exchange one currency for another.
C) Consolidate the debt facing third world nations.
D) Collect the interest on loans made by the World Bank to third-world nations.
Page 8
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Chapter 7: Global Corporate Citizenship
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Sample Questions
Q1) Define the five stages of corporate citizenship.Provide an example of a company in each stage.
Q2) The basis for corporate citizenship does not rely on the generosity of a firm's senior management or their awareness of their role as trustees of the public's interests.
A)True
B)False
Q3) There remain regional differences in the corporate citizenship challenges facing businesses due to:
A) Globalization.
B) Differences in attitudes, beliefs and culture.
C) Differences in CEOs' opinions on corporate citizenship.
D) Stakeholder demands.
Q4) According to The Economist,corporate citizenship is becoming increasingly important for the long-term health of companies.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Define global corporate citizenship.Why has corporate citizenship recently become so complicated?
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Chapter 8: Business-Government Relations
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Q1) The Mullahs in Iran is an example of the power of government derived from:
A) A monarchy.
B) A military dictatorship.
C) A religious authority.
D) A democracy.
Q2) A national health care policy is an example of an economic policy.
A)True
B)False
Q3) A cooperative government-business relationship on one issue does not guarantee cooperation on another issue.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Managers' understanding of government regulations is:
A) Both a domestic and international issue.
B) Primarily a domestic issue.
C) Primarily an international issue.
D) An international issue only for large firms.
Q5) Define each key element of public policy process and provide an illustration or example for each element.
Page 10
Q6) Compare and contrast economic policies with social assistance policies.
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Chapter 9: Influencing the Political Environment
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Q1) Public backlash in the Treyvon Martin case in which a black teenager was shot to death and his assailant defended his actions by claiming protection under Florida's "stand your ground" law prompted:
A) State legislatures to consider changing their regulation on civil rights.
B) Businesses to distance themselves from the American Legislative Exchange Council (ALEC).
C) Walmart to stop selling guns and ammunition at its retail stores.
D) Businesses like Amazon.com, Coca Cola, Kraft Foods to stand up to civil rights groups.
Q2) Describe two tactics used to promote each of the three types of corporate political strategies.
Q3) Under U.S.law,lobbying activities must be disclosed publicly.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Who are the major participants in the political process and are they cooperative or adversarial in their relations with each other?
Q5) Loaning office personnel is a financial-incentive political strategy tool.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 10: Sustainable Development and Global Business
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Q1) The leading contributor to global warming is the burning of fossil fuels,which releases carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Which of the following statements is not true about the population?
A) The world population will peak at over 11 billion people around the year 2100.
B) For many thousands of years, population growth was gradual.
C) Industrial production would have to quintuple over the next 40 years in order to maintain the same living standard that people have now, given expected population growth.
D) Just 10,000 years ago, the earth was home to no more than 10 million humans, scattered in small settlements.
Q3) The Carbon Disclosure Project found that companies with a strategic focus on climate change financially outperformed their survey peers.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 11: Managing Environmental Issues
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Q1) Briefly describe acid rain.Do you think a command-and-control or market-based regulatory approach would work better to reduce acid rain emissions,and why?
Q2) In 2011 how many of the world's top 250 companies issued an integrated sustainability report?
A) 20 percent.
B) 45 percent.
C) 72 percent.
D) 95 percent.
Q3) Superfund has been regarded as a public policy success in the cleanup of toxic waste sites.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Which of the following is not true about water pollution?
A) It affects crop yields.
B) It can be caused by pesticides and herbicides.
C) It can be caused by biodegradable products.
D) The Water Pollution Control Act maintains the integrity of all surface water in the United States.
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Page 13
Chapter 12: Technology,Organizations,and Society
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Q1) Another name for unsolicited commercial emails is:
A) Spam.
B) Junk e-mail.
C) UCE.
D) All of the above.
Q2) The gap between those who have access to technology and those who do not is called the digital divide.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The place where information is stored,ideas are described,and communication takes place in and through an electronic network of linked systems is called:
A) The personal computer.
B) Cyberspace.
C) Cloud computing.
D) Communication.
Q4) Although technology is not the only cause of change in society,it is a primary cause.
A)True
B)False
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Page 14
Chapter 13: Managing Technology and Innovation
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Q1) In some economically developed countries and most developing countries around the world genetically modified food was:
A) Looked upon with caution but generally accepted.
B) Welcomed as a way to increase crop yields.
C) Rejected by most governments.
D) Viewed with extreme caution.
Q2) Honeypots are systems used by security professionals to lure hackers to a fabricated Web site where the hacker's every move can be tracked.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The identification of human genes is critical to:
A) Early diagnosis of life-threatening diseases.
B) New ways to prevent illnesses.
C) Development of drug therapies.
D) All of the above.
Q4) Software piracy is a spreading and global problem.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Who is to say that genetically modified foods are safe for human consumption?
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Chapter 14: Stockholder Rights and Corporate Governance
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Q1) The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD),representing 30 nations,issued a revised set of principles of corporate governance in 2004 to serve as a benchmark for companies and policymakers worldwide.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Corporate governance involves the exercise of control over a company's:
A) Finance and accounting departments.
B) Entire operations.
C) Manufacturing facilities.
D) Marketing and human resources departments.
Q3) The mission of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)is to:
A) Protect shareholders' rights by making sure that stock markets are run fairly.
B) Protect companies from hostile takeovers.
C) Ensuring that institutional investors do not take control of company management.
D) Ensuring that the federal treasury receives its share of the revenues from stock trading.
Q4) Do you think U.S.executives are compensated too highly? Why or why not?
Q5) Describe a current trend in corporate governance,providing a real example.
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Chapter 15: Consumer Protection
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Q1) A prime social responsibility of business is to safeguard consumers:
A) While continuing to supply them with goods and services they want.
B) While maintaining high profit margins.
C) By supplying consumers with products at the lowest possible cost.
D) By providing new technology.
Q2) Online shoppers have always been concerned that:
A) They receive online ads for products similar to the ones they bought earlier on the Web.
B) Their favorite Web sites provide a large variety of products and services.
C) The government might become overly involved in protecting consumer privacy.
D) Information they reveal in the course of a sales transaction might be misused.
Q3) Deceptive advertising is still legal in most countries.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Which of the following is not a goal of consumer protection laws?
A) Encourage competitive pricing.
B) Facilitate consumers' getting extended credit when making purchases.
C) Provide consumers with better information when making purchases.
D) Protect consumers against possible hazards from products purchased.
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Chapter 16: Employees and the Corporation
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Q1) Which of the following is not an argument favoring employee drug testing?
A) It improves employee productivity.
B) It decreases employee theft and absenteeism.
C) It promotes safety in the workplace.
D) It is an intrusion on individual privacy.
Q2) Which of the following statements are not true about the right to a safe and healthy workplace?
A) Over recent years no new categories of accidents or illnesses have emerged.
B) Extensive training and careful precautions are necessary to avoid accidents, injuries, and illness.
C) Many jobs are potentially hazardous to workers' safety and health.
D) Some occupations, such as drilling and mining, are particularly dangerous.
Q3) Workers in the United States enjoy several important legal guarantees.Discuss three major worker rights.What are the U.S.laws and regulations that govern each? How do such policies compare with those of other countries?
Q4) According to a recent study,nearly all companies test employees or job applicants for drugs.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 17: Managing a Diverse Workforce
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Q1) The major agency charged with enforcing equal opportunity laws and executive orders in the United States is the Americans with Disabilities Council (ADC).
A)True
B)False
Q2) Sexual harassment is limited to overt acts of individual coworkers or supervisors.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Beginning on a major scale in the 1960s,U.S.presidents issued executive orders and Congress enacted laws intended to promote equal treatment of employees.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Under the Family Medical Leave Act,companies that employ 50 or more people must grant unpaid,job-protected leaves for up to 12 weeks to employees with serious family needs,including the birth or adoption of a baby.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 18: The Community and the Corporation
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Q1) The share of all giving made up by in-kind contributions of products and services has been:
A) Rising steadily over the past decade.
B) Declining steadily over the past decade.
C) Remaining relatively constant over the past decade.
D) Declining sharply over the past decade.
Q2) Foreign-owned corporations typically establish and use corporate foundations less frequently than U.S.firms.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Which of the following non-profit,locally funded and controlled organizations offer housing rehabilitation and financial services to neighborhood residents?
A) Habitat for Humanity.
B) Community Reinvestment Services.
C) Community Business Program.
D) Neighborhood Housing Services.
Q4) Analyze why a business may wish to get involved in community relations.What benefits accrue to businesses that actively participate in their communities?
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Page 20
Chapter 19: Managing Public Relations
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Q1) In 2011,Facebook and Time Warner joined forces to create this program against bullying
A) "Stand Up Against Bullies".
B) "Prevent Bullying Now".
C) "Be Brave: Stop Bullying".
D) "Stop Bullying: Speak Up".
Q2) Define a corporate crisis.Outline an effective crisis management plan for a public relations manager.
Q3) Evaluate public opinion influencing strategies used by business organization,such as public service announcements,image advertisements,and issue advertisements.
Q4) A firm can affect the general public's values,attitudes and actions through:
A) Television advertisements.
B) Billboard messages.
C) Blogs written by CEOs.
D) All of the above.
Q5) As new technologies have emerged,the variety of available channels of communication has grown dramatically.Discuss the new technology-enhanced channels for public relations and how they have affected the discipline.
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