Business Ethics
Pre-Test Questions
Course Introduction
Business Ethics explores the principles and moral issues that arise in the context of commercial enterprises. This course examines ethical decision-making frameworks, corporate social responsibility, and the impact of ethical and unethical practices on stakeholders, organizations, and society as a whole. Students will analyze real-world case studies, engage in critical discussions about ethical dilemmas in areas such as marketing, finance, and human resources, and develop the skills necessary to navigate complex ethical challenges in the global business environment. By the end of the course, students will be equipped to recognize ethical concerns, apply ethical reasoning, and promote integrity and accountability within professional settings.
Recommended Textbook
Organizational Behavior Human Behavior at Work 14th Edition by John W Newstrom
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960 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: The Dynamics of People and Organizations
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Sample Questions
Q1) Organizational behavior starts with a set of fundamental concepts revolving around the nature of people and organizations.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) The first objective of organizational behavior is to:
A) understand why people behave as they do.
B) predict future employee behavior.
C) describe, systematically, how people behave under a variety of conditions.
D) control, at least partially, and develop some human activity at work.
Answer: C
Q3) According to the law of diminishing returns,organizational effectiveness can be achieved by maximizing just one human variable.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Chapter 2: Models of Organizational Behavior
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Sample Questions
Q1) Explain the role of managerial paradigms according to Joel Barker.
Answer: According to Joel Barker,managerial paradigms have the following roles:
-They influence managerial perceptions of the world around them.
-They define one's boundaries and provide prescriptions for how to behave.
-They encourage resistance to change,since they have often worked in the past.
-They may either consciously or unconsciously affect one's behavior.
Q2) Employees are oriented toward _____ in the autocratic model of organizational behavior.
A) obedience
B) benefits
C) security
D) psychological ownership
Answer: A
Q3) The autocratic model was intensely disliked by many employees,and still is.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Chapter 3: Managing Communications
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Sample Questions
Q1) In the encoding stage of the communication process,_____ uses rich,colorful,carefully selected language to shape the perceptions of recipients.
A) transmission
B) framing
C) persuasion
D) none of the above
Answer: B
Q2) _____ is the conscious or unconscious withholding of information about potential problems or issues on the part of employees.
A) Organizational assimilation
B) Organizational silence
C) Organizational dissent
D) None of the above
Answer: B
Q3) Formal communication reveals true conditions better than most information gained on a spontaneous basis.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Page 5
Chapter 4: Social Systems and Organizational Culture
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is NOT typical of mentors?
A) Sharing ideas in a threatening fashion
B) Being respected by peers
C) Enjoying one-on-one development of others
D) Being successful themselves
Q2) When a social system is in disequilibrium,its parts are working against one another.
A)True
B)False
Q3) When roles are inadequately defined or are substantially unknown,_____ exists.
A) role conflict
B) role ambiguity
C) organizational picketing
D) job shadowing
Q4) Cultures provide workers merely with indirect cues on how to succeed.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Every action that an organization takes involves costs and benefits.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 5: Motivation
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to the expectancy model,motivation = _____.
A) valence × expectancy/instrumentality
B) valence × expectancy × instrumentality
C) valence/expectancy × instrumentality
D) valence/expectancy/instrumentality
Q2) All of the following are examples of extrinsic motivators EXCEPT _____.
A) retirement plans
B) health insurance
C) vacations
D) recognition
Q3) People with power motives work better when they are complimented for their favorable attitudes and cooperation.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Which of the following is a secondary need?
A) Competitiveness
B) Food and water
C) Sleep
D) None of the above
Q5) How does achievement motivation influence behavior?
Page 7
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Chapter 6: Appraising and Rewarding Performance
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Sample Questions
Q1) Explain the concept of self-fulfilling prophecy.
Q2) A _____ encourages employee suggestions,provides an incentive for coordination and teamwork,and promotes improved communication.
A) skill-based pay system
B) profit-sharing plan
C) piece rate system
D) gain-sharing plan
Q3) _____ is the hallmark of modern appraisal philosophy that can help employees fine-tune their performance better if they know how they are doing in the eyes of the organization.
A) Management goal setting
B) Clarification of behavioral expectations
C) An extensive feedback system
D) Performance orientation
Q4) The perceptual set states that people tend to perceive what they expect to perceive.
A)True
B)False
Q5) What are the problems encountered in the self-appraisal process?
Q6) Give a brief description of a gain-sharing plan.
Page 8
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Chapter 7: Leadership
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Sample Questions
Q1) Describe the primary traits of leadership.
Q2) According to Hersey & Blanchard's situation leadership model,what is development level and how do managers assess this level?
Q3) Which of the following is a primary trait of leadership?
A) Charisma
B) Creativity and originality
C) Knowledge of business
D) Self-confidence
Q4) Negative followership behaviors often involve the following EXCEPT _____.
A) competition
B) rebellion
C) criticality
D) passivity
Q5) What leadership approach can get acceptable short-term performance in many situations,but has high human costs?
A) Positive leadership
B) Negative leadership
C) Supportive leadership
D) Consultative leadership
Q6) Name the areas in which most managers admit they need coaching.
Page 9
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Chapter 8: Empowerment and Participation
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Sample Questions
Q1) _____ is the mental and emotional involvement of people in group situations that encourages them to contribute to group goals and share responsibility for them.
A) Centralization
B) Participation
C) Empowerment
D) None of the above
Q2) Which of the following statements reflects participative view power?
A) It is applied by management.
B) It flows downward.
C) It is a fixed amount.
D) It is applied by shared ideas in a group.
Q3) Participative programs result in mental and emotional involvement that produces generally favorable outcomes for both the employees and the organization.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Participation increases the power of employees but not their managers.
A)True
B)False
Q5) How does a manager's emotional intelligence affect the use of participation?
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Chapter 9: Employee Attitudes and Their Effects
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements is true about the use of surveys for measuring job satisfaction?
A) They restrict the flow of communication in the organization.
B) They serve as an emotional release.
C) They merely assess positive attitudes of employees.
D) They discourage feedback on proposed organizational changes.
Q2) List any three factors that can inhibit employee commitment.
Q3) As workers grow older,they set their job expectations higher.
A)True
B)False
Q4) _____ is the capacity of a survey instrument to produce consistent results,regardless of who administers it or when someone responded to it.
A) Validity
B) Reliability
C) Turnover
D) Presenteeism
Q5) Group morale is of least significance when describing overall group satisfaction. A)True B)False
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Chapter 10: Issues Between Organizations and Individuals
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Q1) The more job-related one's conduct is when off the job,the more support there is for organizational influence on the employee.
A)True
B)False
Q2) What is the difference between job enrichment and job enlargement?
Q3) Give a brief description of the two types of disciplines.
Q4) The Drug-Free Workplace Act states that employers with federal contracts over $25,000 and others obtaining financial assistance grants must create and distribute to their employees policies prohibiting drug abuse at work.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Dues-paying costs include all of the following EXCEPT:
A) acting superior to others.
B) showing proper respect to others.
C) spending the appropriate amount of time at one's job.
D) performing at an above-average level.
Q6) Explain briefly policy guidelines on privacy that organizations use.
Q7) What is cybersurfing and why is it a concern?
Q8) What are the forms of honesty testing?
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Chapter 11: Conflict, Power, and Organizational Politics
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following strategies can truly be viewed as a conflict resolution approach?
A) The confronting strategy
B) The forcing strategy
C) The smoothing strategy
D) The avoiding strategy
Q2) Which of the following is a valid,paired category of preferences in the Myers Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI)?
A) Feeling versus experiencing
B) Sensing versus intuition
C) Thinking versus perceiving
D) Judging versus feeling
Q3) If all conflict with co-workers is avoided,each party is likely to be deprived of useful information about the other's preferences and views.
A)True
B)False
Q4) List the guidelines for conflict resolution through confrontation.
Q5) Describe the three levels of conflict.
Q6) List the eight steps to increase influence.
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Chapter 12: Informal and Formal Groups
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Sample Questions
Q1) One of the main principles of brainstorming is _____.
A) egocentrism
B) social loafing
C) deferred judgment
D) social facilitation
Q2) Some face-to-face decision-making groups converge too quickly on one alternative while overlooking others.
A)True
B)False
Q3) What are the roles of a task leader?
Q4) The properties of groups are the same as the properties of the individuals who make up the group.
A)True
B)False
Q5) List the four guidelines around which brainstorming is built.What are the limitations of brainstorming?
Q6) The informal organization is a desirable source of potential formal leaders. A)True
B)False
Q7) Identify the problems that are associated with the informal organization.
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Chapter 13: Teams and Team Building
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Sample Questions
Q1) Boundary spanners keep communication channels open and active by constantly sharing information with other units in the organization and with people at other levels.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Boundary spanners often have little or no authority,and so their task is best accomplished through skills such as _____.
A) avoiding external support
B) social loafing
C) social awareness
D) withdrawal from group activities
Q3) Which of the following is an interpersonal skill?
A) Preparing reports
B) Diagnosing issues
C) Building trust
D) Designing programs for change
Q4) Planning and conducting a study is as an example of a research skill.
A)True
B)False
Q5) List the different stages in team building.
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Chapter 14: Managing Change
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following factors is least likely to cause resistance or passivity?
A) Employees who mouth support in public but undercut changes behind the scenes
B) Indecisive managers who suffer from "analysis paralysis"
C) Organizational cultures that undervalue criticism of new ideas
D) An emphasis on flashy proposals instead of follow-through
Q2) According to David Ulrich,"viruses" that infect organizations involved in change efforts include:
A) positive employee behavior.
B) perfectionism.
C) counseling.
D) support groups.
Q3) Which of the following is the role of a proactive manager?
A) Anticipate events and initiate change
B) Respond to events
C) Adapt to changes
D) Temper the consequences of change
Q4) Logical objections are a type of resistance to change.
A)True
B)False
Q5) How can management help employees become aware of the need for change?
Page 16
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Chapter 15: Stress and Counseling
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Sample Questions
Q1) Throughout the counseling relationship,it is important for the manager to accept feelings-rather than judge them.
A)True
B)False
Q2) According to the stress-performance model,as stress increases,performance tends to _____.
A) decrease
B) increase
C) stagnate
D) nullify
Q3) Which of the following is an effect of burnout?
A) Decreased employee turnover
B) Decreased absenteeism
C) Increased productivity
D) Chronic fatigue
Q4) Absenteeism is an attitudinal clue of workplace trauma.
A)True
B)False
Q5) How do emotions impact counseling?
Q6) Define frustration.What are the most common reactions to frustration?
Page 17
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Chapter 16: Organizational Behavior Across Cultures
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Sample Questions
Q1) Ethnocentrism means that people are predisposed to believe that their race is inferior to others.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Cross-cultural reentry can be more difficult if a number of changes have occurred since departure.
A)True
B)False
Q3) How are American workers protected from discrimination while working in a foreign US company?
Q4) Handling the social factors of operating a plant is easier than managing the technical factors of building it in the first place.
A)True
B)False
Q5) People from low-context cultures use situational cues to develop a complete portrait of a visitor.
A)True
B)False
Q6) How does inflation impact workers' lives?
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