Business Ethics
Exam Solutions
Course Introduction
Business Ethics explores the moral principles and standards that guide behavior in the world of commerce. This course examines the ethical challenges faced by businesses, employees, and managers, covering topics such as corporate social responsibility, ethical decision-making, stakeholder theory, and the role of personal values in professional conduct. Students will analyze real-world case studies, engage in critical discussions, and develop frameworks for resolving ethical dilemmas in various business contexts, preparing them to navigate complex situations with integrity and social awareness in their future careers.
Recommended Textbook
Business and Society Stakeholders Ethics Public Policy 14th Edition by Anne Lawrence
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19 Chapters
986 Verified Questions
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Page 2
Chapter 1: The Corporation and Its Stakeholders
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Sample Questions
Q1) The external environment of business is static.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) Interactions between business and society occur:
A) Within a finite natural ecosystem.
B) Only during an environmental crisis.
C) When business employees and the community are of similar cultural backgrounds.
D) When legislation is passed requiring interaction.
Answer: A
Q3) Which of the following statements is not true about the interactive social system?
A) Business and society need, as well as influence, each other.
B) The boundary between business and society is clear and distinct.
C) Business is a part of society, and society penetrates far and often into the business.
D) Business and society are both separate and connected.
Answer: B
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Chapter 2: Managing Public Issues and Stakeholder Relationships
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Sample Questions
Q1) An analysis of the stability or instability of a government is an example of scanning the:
A) Social environment.
B) Legal environment.
C) Geophysical environment.
D) Political environment.
Answer: D
Q2) Environmental intelligence is the acquisition of information gained from analyzing the multiple environments affecting organizations.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) Overtime,the nature of business's relationship with its stakeholders often:
A) Remains static.
B) Evolves through a series of stages.
C) Becomes more hostile.
D) None of the above.
Answer: B
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Chapter 3: The Corporations Social Responsibilities
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Sample Questions
Q1) Business leaders,like automaker Henry Ford developed these programs to support the recreational and health needs of their employees.
A) Corporate social responsibility programs.
B) Corporate citizenship programs.
C) Social networking programs.
D) Paternalistic programs.
Answer: D
Q2) As a response to the conflict between long- and short-term profit making,an enlightened self-interest point of view would be the least useful and practical approach.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q3) The concept of corporate social responsibility is rooted in the meaning "to pledge back," creating a commitment to give back to society and the organization's stakeholders.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Chapter 4: Ethics and Ethical Reasoning
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Sample Questions
Q1) Explain the purpose of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act.What issues does the act address? Discuss recent changes in regulatory interpretation of the Act.
Q2) Define and discuss the six stages of moral development.What is the ethics referent at each stage? What is the basis of ethics reasoning at each stage?
Q3) Which of the following examples best illustrate an ethics issue based on cross-cultural contradictions?
A) Legally marketing a pesticide abroad that has been banned in the U.S.
B) Circumventing government regulations to ensure company profits.
C) Hiring child workers in violation of civil law.
D) False and misleading advertising claims.
Q4) As business becomes increasingly global:
A) It must turn to national laws for guidance.
B) Ethical issues become issues of free trade.
C) A global code of conduct will emerge for businesses.
D) Cross-cultural contradictions will increase.
Q5) Discuss why businesses should be ethical.
Q6) An ethical egoist acts for the benefit of others and sacrifices self-interest.
A)True
B)False
Page 6
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Chapter 5: Organizational Ethics and the Law
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Sample Questions
Q1) In the United States,most ethics policies are primarily based on the company's mission and vision.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Personal values and moral character play key roles in improving a company's ethical performance.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The American Institute of Certified Public Accountants Code directs accountants to be responsible to their clients and their profession,but not to the public.
A)True
B)False
Q4) In a benevolence ethical climate,the interests of the company's employees and external stakeholders most likely would be given high priority.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Define white-collar crime.Provide three examples of such criminal acts.
Q6) Define law.Discuss the differences between law and ethics.
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Chapter 6: The Challenges of Globalization
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Sample Questions
Q1) The primary purpose of the International Monetary Fund is to:
A) Lend foreign currency to member countries.
B) Exchange one currency for another.
C) Consolidate the debt facing third world nations.
D) Collect the interest on loans made by the World Bank to third-world nations.
Q2) The purpose of the World Trade Organization is to:
A) Impose barriers to free trade among nations.
B) Eliminate barriers to free trade among nations.
C) Develop trading partnerships between rich and poor nations.
D) Decrease globalization and free trade.
Q3) Under the World Trade Organization's most-favored nation rule:
A) All import restrictions imposed by other nations on their goods are illegal unless a cultural waiver is issued.
B) All import restrictions are illegal unless proven scientifically.
C) Most-favored nations can impose heavy tariffs on other nations.
D) Most-favored nations can oppose the dumping of goods by any nation in their home market.
Q4) What is a transnational corporation? How do these corporations operate in the global marketplace?
Q5) How can global action networks help global problem solving?
Page 8
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Chapter 7: Global Corporate Citizenship
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Sample Questions
Q1) This inter-American organization (North and South America)was created to unite organizations focusing on corporate social responsibility from Canada to Chile.
A) Business for Social Responsibility.
B) Canadian Business for Social Responsibility.
C) Forum Empresa.
D) Fundacion Empresa y Sociedad.
Q2) Corporate citizenship primarily focuses on a firm's social activities.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Define transparency.How does corporate reporting increase business transparency?
Q4) Companies whose citizenship profile best matches public expectations are least likely to benefit from strategic investments in corporate citizenship.
A)True
B)False
Q5) A 2011 survey of business firms by KPMG found:
A) A steep increase in corporate social reporting.
B) A decrease in corporate social reporting.
C) A majority of firms using the Global Reporting Initiative.
D) A and C, but not
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Chapter 8: Business-Government Relations
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Sample Questions
Q1) Deregulation has occurred in the following industries:
A) Commercial airlines, sheet metal, and interstate trucking.
B) Commercial airlines, railroads, and financial institutions.
C) Commercial airlines, interstate trucking, and silicon chip manufacturing.
D) Financial institutions, railroads, and silicon chip manufacturing.
Q2) Governments hold the power to:
A) Grant permission for only specific business activity.
B) Grant or refuse permission for many types of business activity.
C) Refuse permission for only government funded activity.
D) None of the above.
Q3) A national health care policy is an example of an economic policy.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Which car company did not seek bailout loans from the U.S.government following the 2009 worldwide economic recession?
A) Toyota.
B) General Motors.
C) Chrysler.
D) Ford.
Q5) Compare and contrast economic policies with social assistance policies.
Page 10
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Chapter 9: Influencing the Political Environment
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Sample Questions
Q1) Describe the role of an organization's public affairs department and describe who would be in charge of that department.
Q2) Hiring former government officials for positions in the corporate world is:
A) Normally legal.
B) Always unethical.
C) Considered unethical by over 50% of Americans.
D) A and C, but not
Q3) When a business seeks to overturn a law after it has been passed or threatens to challenge the legal legitimacy of the new regulation in the courts,this is called:
A) Accumulating.
B) Overturn lobbying.
C) Legal challenges.
D) Funneling.
Q4) Which of the following is not a constituency-building strategy tool?
A) Expert witness testimony.
B) Advocacy advertising.
C) Public relations.
D) Legal challenges.
Q5) How do the three types of corporate political strategies differ from each other?
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Chapter 10: Sustainable Development and Global Business
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements is not true about arable land?
A) It is a nonrenewable resource.
B) Over half of the irrigated lands in developing countries have been salinized.
C) Poor farming practices have caused arable lands to turn into deserts.
D) Agricultural chemicals have contaminated most of the arable lands.
Q2) Sustainable development will require technology cooperation through long-term partnerships between companies in developed and developing countries to transfer environmental technologies.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The core idea(s)of sustainable development is(are):
A) Economic development must be accomplished sustainably.
B) Poverty is an underlying cause of environmental degradation.
C) Affluence is an underlying cause of environmental degradation.
D) Both A and B, but not
Q4) What defines an environmental problem that is inherently global in scope? Discuss in detail two of the four global problems outlined in the textbook that will have major consequences for business and society.
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Page 12
Chapter 11: Managing Environmental Issues
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Sample Questions
Q1) The Resource Conservation and Recovery Act of 1976 (amended in 1984)does not require:
A) Toxic waste generators to have a permit.
B) Transporters to maintain careful records.
C) Disposal facilities to treat hazardous waste before disposal.
D) All hazardous waste to be incinerated.
Q2) Superfund has been regarded as a public policy success in the cleanup of toxic waste sites.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Companies that cultivate a vision of sustainability must adopt sophisticated strategic planning techniques to:
A) Increase the competitive advantage of other international organizations.
B) Detect the limited number of internal factors that influence the employee performance reviews.
C) Allow their top manager to assess the full range of the firm's effects on the environment.
D) Increase the number of government regulations that are passed to reduce pollution.
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Chapter 12: Technology,Organizations,and Society
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Sample Questions
Q1) Define technology and describe its three primary features.
Q2) In 2011,1.2 billion people worldwide used social networking sites:
A) Once per hour.
B) Once per day.
C) Once per week.
D) Once per month.
Q3) The phase of technology that focuses on building material goods and manual labor is:
A) Agrarian.
B) Service.
C) Industrial.
D) Information.
Q4) During the past few years,e-business revenue has increased at a faster pace than that of traditional,or non-electronic,business.
A)True
B)False
Q5) The current phase of technology is the service society.
A)True
B)False
Q6) Discuss what factors have fueled technological growth and development?
Page 14
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Chapter 13: Managing Technology and Innovation
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Sample Questions
Q1) In some economically developed countries and most developing countries around the world genetically modified food was:
A) Looked upon with caution but generally accepted.
B) Welcomed as a way to increase crop yields.
C) Rejected by most governments.
D) Viewed with extreme caution.
Q2) Human error by employees is a major factor of security breaches in the healthcare industry.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Describe the ethical challenges regarding one of the following scientific breakthroughs: nanotechnology,human genome or stem cell research.Do the potential benefits of this breakthrough outweigh the potential costs?
Q4) The practice of downloading copyrighted songs was challenged because it:
A) Created congestion and overloaded demands on the servers.
B) Denied legitimate compensation to the recording artists.
C) Favored major recording companies and selective artists over others.
D) Resulted in bankruptcy for retail music outlets across the country.
Q5) Who is to say that genetically modified foods are safe for human consumption?
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Chapter 14: Stockholder Rights and Corporate Governance
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is insider trading? Explain how the courts have defined this practice.
Q2) Investors may receive an economic benefit from the ownership of stock by receiving: A) Interest.
B) Dividends.
C) Capital gains.
D) Both B and C, but not
Q3) The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD),representing 30 nations,issued a revised set of principles of corporate governance in 2004 to serve as a benchmark for companies and policymakers worldwide.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The board committee that administers and approves salaries and benefits of high-level managers in a company is called the:
A) Executive committee.
B) Human resources committee.
C) Nominating committee.
D) Compensation committee.
Q5) What are the key features of effective boards of directors?
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Chapter 15: Consumer Protection
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Sample Questions
Q1) The Children's Online Privacy Protection Act limits the collection of information online from and about children under the age of 13.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Consumers have become more dependent on businesses for product quality because:
A) The complexity of products makes choices complicated for consumers.
B) Instructions for use or care of product are provided in clear and simple language.
C) Their technical competence allows them to inspect the products thoroughly.
D) Competition has forced manufacturers to market lower-quality goods.
Q3) Which of the following is a mission of the Food and Drug Administration?
A) To assure the safety and effectiveness of a wide range of consumer products.
B) To prohibit unfair or deceptive advertising.
C) To ensure that packaging and labels contain all the necessary information.
D) Inspection of meat, poultry, seafood, and produce.
Q4) Which of the following is(are)core rights of consumers?
A) The right to safety.
B) The right to be represented.
C) The right to purchase.
D) All of the above.
Page 17
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Chapter 16: Employees and the Corporation
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Sample Questions
Q1) Drug testing for cause is commonly used after an accident or some observable change in behavior.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The U.S.Constitution protects the right to free speech-which means only the government can take away this right.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Which of the following is true about random drug testing of employees?
A) It screens randomly-selected employees at various times through the year.
B) It randomly tests selected applicants before hiring, as a part of a physical examination.
C) It tests an employee believed to be impaired by drugs and unfit for work.
D) It regularly tests employees from randomly-selected job categories or job levels.
Q4) Developing a corporate policy on alcohol abuse is a difficult challenge.As the CEO of a firm,how would you fairly treat and protect the privacy of an employee who has an alcohol problem,while meeting the company's goal of maximizing the productivity of each employee?
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Chapter 17: Managing a Diverse Workforce
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Sample Questions
Q1) Affirmative action occurs when one group is unintentionally discriminated against in an effort to help another group.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Government regulations ban both sexual and racial harassment.Discuss both kinds of harassment and why they are a growing concern to employers.What can companies do to combat sexual and racial harassment?
Q3) Sexual and racial harassment will happen,and there is little a business can do to eliminate the problem.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Which of the following is not true about occupational segregation?
A) It concentrates women in traditionally female-dominated jobs.
B) The pay gap in American businesses persists, in part, because of it.
C) It means that women cannot get the jobs that could break the cycle of relatively low pay.
D) The large pay gap for Hispanic workers partly reflects their concentration in several high-paying occupations.
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19
Chapter 18: The Community and the Corporation
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Sample Questions
Q1) Discuss the three forms of gifts typically made by corporations and their foundations.Which form of gift do you think is most valuable,and why?
Q2) Explain four strategies that businesses can use to help them get the most benefit from their contributions.Cite examples of companies that adopt these strategies.
Q3) The community relies heavily on business,but business is not mutually dependent on the community.
A)True
B)False
Q4) All corporate contributions benefit their donors directly.
A)True
B)False
Q5) As communications improve and people around the world are able to witness the horrors of natural disasters,terrorism,and war,international relief efforts by corporations are becoming:
A) Less important.
B) More important.
C) Obsolete because of social media.
D) A liability because of negative media.
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Chapter 19: Managing Public Relations
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Sample Questions
Q1) Define a corporate crisis.Outline an effective crisis management plan for a public relations manager.
Q2) Global businesses that have extended their public relations strategies globally should:
A) Ensure that sufficient funding is allocated globally for a positive and effective public affairs impact.
B) Never decentralize their global public relations programs to ensure the company has "one voice."
C) Assume that there is no anti-American sentiment in the countries where they have operations.
D) Ignore local customs and emerging issues in the locations where they operate.
Q3) Who warned,"Advertisements contain the only truth to be relied on in a newspaper?"
A) Barack Obama.
B) Bill Clinton.
C) Thomas Jefferson.
D) George Washington.
Q4) Define the general public.How do firms and the public affect one another?
Q5) How is the public protected through government regulations?
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