Business and Society Exam
Materials
Course Introduction
Business and Society explores the complex relationship between commercial enterprises and the broader social environment in which they operate. The course examines how businesses impact and are impacted by societal issues such as ethics, corporate social responsibility, environmental sustainability, stakeholder management, and globalization. Students will analyze real-world cases to understand the role of business in addressing social challenges, the ethical dilemmas faced by organizations, and the expectations of various stakeholders including governments, communities, and consumers. By the end of the course, students will be equipped with frameworks for identifying and responding to the social responsibilities and opportunities facing modern businesses.
Recommended Textbook Labor Relations Striking a Balance 5th Edition by
John W. Budd
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13 Chapters 2213 Verified Questions
2213 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: Contemporary Labor Relations: Objectives, Practices, and Challenges
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90 Verified Questions
90 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Fundamentally, a labor union is a group of workers who join together to influence the nature of their employment.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) The legal doctrine stating that employers have the right to fire employees for "good cause, for no cause, or even for cause morally wrong" is known as the __________________ doctrine.
Answer: Employment at will
Q3) In today's labor relations environment:
A) Sweatshops and forms of modern slavery are nonexistent in the United States.
B) Workers are assured of a wage necessary to support a family.
C) There is an increasing number of employers violating labor standards.
D) Workers are generally fired only for good reasons.
Answer: C
Q4) Workers are more likely to experience unionism when they are young than when they are older.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Chapter 2: Labor Unions: Good or Bad
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149 Verified Questions
149 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) News and other media portrayals of unions and union workers tend to:
A) Reinforce stereotypes of unions made up of greedy and lazy workers that engage in frequent and violent strikes.
B) Portray union workers as hard-working, self-sacrificing employees.
C) Provide a balanced view of workers and the organizations they work for.
D) Reinforce stereotypes of unions as champions of "the little guy," looking for social justice and workplace representation.
Answer: A
Q2) According to the human resource management school, equity will be achieved only:
A) If employer actions are regulated by employment laws.
B) When workers produce to their maximum capabilities.
C) If employers become responsive to employee needs.
D) When market supply and demand are in balance.
Answer: C
Q3) According to the mainstream economics school of thought, unions act like _____________________ because they control the supply of labor and set wages at levels that are artificially high.
Answer: monopolies
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4
Chapter 3: Historical Development
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158 Verified Questions
158 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The Industrial Workers of the World was born in part out of frustration over the:
A) AFL's willingness to settle for small, day to day gains, in light of the oppressive work practices of the ownership class.
B) CIO's emphasis on industrial unionism at the expense of crafts and tradespeople.
C) KOL's failure to recognize the day-to-day struggles of the working class.
D) NLU's inability to organize a national federation of labor unions that could support each other in times of struggle.
Answer: A
Q2) The IWW advocated a model of __________________ that emphasized all manners of strikes, passive resistance, and even sabotage.
Answer: direct worker action or syndicalism
Q3) The Haymarket Tragedy occurred during a rally to protest police repression of May Day strikers who were supporting May 1 as a deadline for an
Answer: eight-hour workday
Q4) The AFL demonstrates the _______________________ model of unionism. Answer: business
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Chapter 4: Labor Law
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187 Verified Questions
187 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) An injunction is:
A) A court-ordered restraint on action to prevent harm or damage to someone else.
B) A charge of conspiracy against the government.
C) The right of an employer to fire any employee, at any time.
D) A rule that prohibits union organizing.
Q2) To protect the public interest, public sector unions are generally not allowed to ________________________ over wages, hours and working conditions.
Q3) Frank is a supervisor at a major big box retail company. He learns that several of the employees have been meeting to discuss the possibility of unionizing the store. Frank approaches the leaders of the group and offers an immediate 2% pay increase for all employees, with an additional 2% to follow next year, if they agree to stop their organizing activity. Frank's actions are legal under the Wagner Act (NLRA).
A)True
B)False
Q4) _________________________ consists of laws enacted by legislatures, rather than judges.
Q5) What is the role of the Federal Mediation and Conciliation Service?
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Page 6
Chapter 5: Labor and Management: Strategies, Structures, and Constraints
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172 Verified Questions
172 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is True about union members' participation in the governance of their unions?
A) Union members are more active at the national level than at the local level.
B) Union members are more active at the local level than at the national level.
C) Union members are highly active at both the national and local levels.
D) Union members participation rates are low at both the national and the local levels.
Q2) In 2005, seven of the country's largest unions left the AFL-CIO to form a new federation of unions called:
A) The International Labor Organization.
B) Change to Win.
C) The Coalition for Employee Free Choice.
D) The American Federation of Labor.
Q3) A union that pursues the social unionism model, will try to achieve equity and voice:
A) in the workplace .
B) in society.
C) in workplace but also in society as a whole.
D) only if it benefits the union leadership.
Q4) Explain the typical philosophy of unionism embraced by U.S. labor unions.
Page 7
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Chapter 6: Union Organizing
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171 Verified Questions
171 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The decision to exclude supervisors under the NLRA is controversial because:
A) Supervisors' interests are too closely aligned with those of other employees and this would make a union too powerful.
B) Supervisors are routinely treated poorly when compared to other employees and need more, not less, protection.
C) The NLRB does not define who qualifies as a "supervisor".
D) Companies may intentionally give employees just enough responsibility to qualify them as supervisors so they will not have NLRA protection.
Q2) In some cases where employer misconduct is so damaging to support for a union that the NLRB does not believe a fair election could be held, the Board may require the employer to bargain with the employees even though it does not have the votes necessary.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Discriminatory enforcement of no solicitation policies is considered illegal interference under the NLRA.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 7: Bargaining
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190 Verified Questions
190 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Lies, bluffs, threats, and intimidation are examples of _______________________________ used in distributive bargaining.
Q2) Direct dealing occurs when an employer tries to do an "end around" the union by talking to the employees and getting their input on issues related to negotiations without going through the union first.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The process of producing a legally binding, written contract that specifies wages, benefits, layoff policies, grievance procedures, etc. is called:
A) Authorization campaigning
B) Attitudinal structuring
C) Direct dealing
D) Collective bargaining
Q4) The process of estimating the costs of proposals in negotiations is called contract costing.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Explain why pattern bargaining is useful to unions.
Q6) How does a party's BATNA/MLATNA influence their incentive to bargain?
Page 9
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Chapter 8: Impasses, Strikes, and Dispute Resolution
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183 Verified Questions
183 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) When state law requires parties to a labor dispute to go to arbitration for a settlement, it is known as _______________________________ arbitration.
Q2) U.S. public policy sees striking as:
A) A civil liberty rooted in freedom of association.
B) A civil liberty rooted in freedom of speech.
C) An economic activity to secure better working conditions.
D) A outcome associated with too much power in the hands of labor.
Q3) Regardless of the nature of the strike, employers are allowed to hire permanent strike replacements if they deem it necessary to preserve their business.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Most government employees do not have the right to strike, regardless of their reason for wanting to do so. Why are strikes generally prohibited in the public sector? (5 minutes)
Q5) An _______________________________ strike occurs when employees refuse to work to protest employer violations of the NLRA.
Q6) Striking to support other workers who are on strike, is referred to as a _______________________________ strike.
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Chapter 9: Contract Clauses and Their Administration
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173 Verified Questions
173 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) A recognition clause, a successorship clause, and a communication clause are all considered to be clauses that protect union rights.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The research on the grievance process indicates that:
A) A union grievance procedure results in the best outcomes for both management and employees
B) Grievances often lead to turnover and/or lower performance ratings for both employees and supervisors involved in the grievance
C) Grievance procedures increase job turnover
D) Employees lose most of the grievances filed
Q3) The cost of arbitration is usually:
A) Paid for by management.
B) Paid for by the union.
C) Paid for by the employee.
D) Split between the union and management.
Q4) Employees benefit from _______________________________, which is the right to have a hearing, be assisted by an advocate if desired, and present evidence in their defense.
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Chapter 10: Flexibility, Empowerment, and Partnership
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168 Verified Questions
168 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The ability to change labor utilization through varying work hours or the number of employees is known as _______________________________.
Q2) Easily shifting workers into different jobs in response to changing customer demands and production needs is the goal of ____________________.
A) Functional flexibility
B) Flexible employment
C) Pay flexibility
D) Procedural flexibility
Q3) Calls for increased levels of employee empowerment in the modern workplace neglect the reality that the U.S. workforce is less educated, on average, than the workforce of the 1940s-1970s.
A)True
B)False
Q4) A forcing strategy is one in which the union and employees are pressured to accept the changes management wishes to implement in response to competitive pressures. A)True
B)False
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Page 12
Chapter 11: Globalization and Financialization
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188 Verified Questions
188 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Foreign direct investment is vulnerable to criticism because:
A) It does not bring jobs and new technology to developing countries
B) It can result in job loss for workers in developing countries
C) It does not encourage development of infrastructure
D) It can be used to exploit workers and degrade the environment
Q2) The most important mechanism for enforcing a corporate codes of conduct is:
A) through international organizations such as the ILO and WTO
B) state and local laws binding corporations to their codes of conduct
C) industry or employer associations mandates
D) public pressure through protests, bad publicity, and boycotts
Q3) Configuration and coordination are two dimensions of:
A) A works council
B) A multinational corporation's global strategy
C) A corporate code of conduct
D) Transnational labor coordination
Q4) _______________________________ is a term used to describe the view of the American corporation as a bundle of assets to be bought and sold with an exclusive goal of maximizing shareholder value.
Q5) The NAALC relies on _______________________________________ to promote compliance with each country's existing laws.
Page 13
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Chapter 12: Comparative Labor Relations
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205 Verified Questions
205 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Canadian labor unions are moving toward a _______________________________ philosophy in which labor has a more militant, activist role in society.
Q2) The degree of hostility toward unionization that is present in the U.S. is unique among democratic, industrialized countries.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Communist and socialist unions have not always supported collective bargaining because it is believe that signing a contract:
A) Limits worker freedom and legitimizes capitalism
B) Gives too much power to management
C) Is useless because they are not enforceable in court
D) Creates a False sense of security for workers and deters them from a socialist agenda
Q4) The Mexican system of labor relations is an example of the gap that can exist between the legal protections provided to workers within a given country and the actual rights that exist. Describe the rights granted by Mexican law and discuss how those rights differ from the reality of the workers' lives.
Q5) Explain how job security protections differ across countries.
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Chapter 13: What Should Labor Relations Do
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169 Verified Questions
169 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The Justice for Janitors Campaigns:
A) Embrace a business union model
B) Focus on political lobbying and campaign funding
C) Try to create a broad social movement to raise public awareness
D) Engage in fortress unionism
Q2) Some argue that if unions are ______________________________ that interfere with competitive markets by controlling the supply of labor, then the NLRA should be repealed.
Q3) Social movement unionism rejects the narrow business unionism focus on collective bargaining and instead increases labor union's focus on working class issues such as improving community, society and worker voice in politics.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Efficiency-enhancing unionism sees labor union as:
A) Strategic business partners
B) Adversaries of business
C) Reformist organizations
D) Activist organizations
Q5) Social voice is most strongly advocated by _______________________________ unionism.
Page 15
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