Business and Society Exam Bank
Course Introduction
Business and Society explores the dynamic relationship between business organizations and the broader social environment in which they operate. Students examine how businesses both affect and are affected by societal issues, including ethics, social responsibility, environmental sustainability, and stakeholder management. The course considers the role of corporate governance, regulatory frameworks, and the impact of globalization, encouraging students to critically analyze the challenges and opportunities companies face in balancing profitability with social good. Through case studies and contemporary examples, students develop an understanding of the complexities involved in aligning business practices with societal expectations.
Recommended Textbook
Business and Society Ethics Sustainability and Stakeholder Management 10th Edition by Carroll
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Page 2
Chapter 1: The Business and Society Relationship
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Q1) Which of the following is not a factor in the social environment that has lead to the current climate of criticism of business?
A) affluence and education
B) the revolution of rising expectations
C) an entitlement mentality
D) all of these choices are factors leading to criticism of business
Answer: D
Q2) Carrying the idea of a pluralistic society to an extreme leads to
A) anarchy.
B) totalitarian government.
C) a special-interest society.
D) a free market economy.
Answer: C
Q3) Affluence refers to the level of wealth, disposable income, and standard of living of a society.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Chapter 2: Corporate Social Responsibility, Citizenship, and Sustainability
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Q1) A survey done by Walker Information shows that the public believes that CSR does not factor into a company's reputation at all.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) Which of the following is not a characteristic of a socially responsible company?
A) makes products that are safe
B) makes above average financial returns
C) does not pollute air or water
D) recycles within the company
Answer: B
Q3) The Triple Bottom Line encompasses all of the following spheres of performance except
A) economic.
B) social.
C) environmental.
D) philanthropic.
Answer: D
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Chapter 3: The Stakeholder Approach to Business, Society, and Ethics
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Q1) If we consider the stakeholder typology, and the three attributes of power, group number eight on the outside is called:
A) A definitive stakeholder
B) A dangerous stakeholder
C) A demanding stakeholder
D) A nonstakeholder
Answer: D
Q2) Any type of stake can be viewed as a(n)
A) option.
B) ownership position.
C) right.
D) duty.
Answer: C
Q3) Which of the following is not a strategy or action alternative in best addressing stakeholders?
A) Deal directly or indirectly
B) Take offense or defense
C) Collaborate or participate
D) Manipulate or resist
Answer: C
Page 5
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Chapter 4: Corporate Governance: Foundational Issues
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Q1) The state-issued document that grants the corporation's right to exist and stipulating the basic terms of its existence is a(n)
A) certificate of legitimacy.
B) occupancy permit.
C) charter.
D) article of incorporation.
Q2) The micro level of legitimacy refers to achieving and maintaining legitimacy by conforming to societal expectations for
A) the business system as a whole.
B) public policy partnerships.
C) non-government organizations.
D) individual businesses.
Q3) Shareholder activism
A) was started by the counter culture during the 1960s.
B) has been around for more than sixty years.
C) is lead by the Roman Catholic church.
D) relies on large institutional investors to introduce most of the shareholder resolutions.
Q4) What are the two main issues associated with CEO pay?
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6
Chapter 5: Strategic Management and Corporate Public Affairs
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Q1) Social performance reporting should be isolated from other forms of assessment and reporting.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Which is not a pro of B Corporation status?
A) built in community
B) investor pressure
C) partners with similar values
D) good publicity
Q3) The overarching strategy level that asks what role the firm plays in society and what the firm stands for is the ____ level.
A) enterprise
B) corporate
C) business
D) functional
Q4) What is a "benefit corporation?" Why do you think such an entity was created?
Q5) Name some issues that businesses encounter daily that involve highly visible public and ethical issues. What happens to these issues in the long term?
Q6) Describe how corporate public policy fits into strategic management.
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Chapter 6: Risk, Issue, and Crisis Management
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Q1) Risk, issue, and crisis management are the natural by products of a firm's development of enterprise-level strategy.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Explain how issues management is related to corporate public policy and enterprise-level strategy.
Q3) Which is not a key question to help with issue analysis?
A) How did it start?
B) Who started the ball rolling?
C) Who is now involved?
D) Who will get involved?
Q4) Issues management can be viewed as a type of pre-crisis planning and post-crisis management.
A)True
B)False
Q5) What differentiates a crisis from a problem?
Q6) Explain why having a prepared plan for dealing with crises is so important.
Q7) Differentiating between risk, issue, and crisis management is easy.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 7: Business Ethics Essentials
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Sample Questions
Q1) Describe and evaluate the "what is?" ethics question.
Q2) The population hypothesis regarding ethical management models is
A) the three models approximate a normal curve.
B) that the moral management model is the largest segment of the normal curve.
C) that the immoral management model is the largest segment of the normal curve.
D) the three models exhibit a skewed curve, weighted toward either moral or immoral management models, depending on the society being studied.
Q3) Characteristics of intentionally amoral managers include all of the following except A) They think ethics and business don't mix.
B) They think business and ethics are separate spheres.
C) They have an obsession with fairness.
D) They are dying out.
Q4) Powers and Vogel have suggested that there are six major elements or capacities that are essential to making moral judgments: (1) moral imagination, (2) moral identification and ordering, (3) moral evaluation, (4) tolerance of moral disagreement and ambiguity, (5) integration of managerial and moral competence, and (6) a sense of moral obligation. What is the link of each of these to personal and organizational ethics?
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Chapter 8: Managerial and Organizational Ethics
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Q1) According to research done by David Callahan, all of the following are reasons why cheating is on the rise except
A) higher levels of inequality.
B) declining wages.
C) cheating goes unpunished.
D) wealth, status, and personal gratification are glorified.
Q2) The categorical imperative is closely associated with the principle of utilitarianism. A)True
B)False
Q3) Explain the concept of corporate transparency. Evaluate its usefulness in creating an ethical climate within an organization.
Q4) Which of the following is NOT a way of perceiving ethical codes?
A) as a magnifying glass.
B) as a compass.
C) as a shield.
D) as a club.
Q5) Discuss the criticism of ethics hotlines that most of the reported wrongdoings are false accusations, which can cause great harm to company morale.
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Chapter 9: Business Ethics and Technology
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Q1) Business-to-consumer (B2C) transactions are anticipated to be the greatest area of e-commerce growth in the coming years.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Evaluate the use of GPS to monitor the activities and locales of employees.
Q3) Discuss the pros and cons of genetic testing. Analyze what impact you believe the Genetic Information and Nondiscrimination Act will have on this issue.
Q4) All of the following are commandments of computer ethics except
A) Thou shalt not use the company's computer for personal business.
B) Thou shalt not snoop around in other people's computer files.
C) Thou shalt not copy or use proprietary software for which you have not paid.
D) Thou shalt not appropriate other people's intellectual output.
Q5) "Access" in e-commerce ethics refers to
A) the difference in computer availability between the rich and the poor.
B) the ability to download certain types of privately-owned knowledge.
C) children's ability to visit certain websites.
D) companies' ability to gain information about consumers' private lives.
Q6) Discuss some of the challenges that technology presents to society.
Q7) Evaluate the Government's involvement in internet privacy protection.
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Chapter 10: Ethical Issues in the Global Arena
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Q1) Major strategies MNCs may use to conduct global business, but still maintain an ethical sensitivity include all of these except:
A) modify or redesign products.
B) link ethics with global strategy.
C) suspend business activities in certain countries.
D) conduct ethical audits.
Q2) Cheap labor factories that abuse women, children, and workers are called sweatshops.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The position that advocates that an MNC should continue to follow its home country's ethical standards even while operating in another country is known as
A) ethical relativism.
B) ethical egoism.
C) ethical imperialism.
D) ethical hegemony.
Q4) Discuss the best ways to combat bribery.
Q5) What are the most important factors leading a firm to take corporate action against corruption?
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Chapter 11: Business, Government, and Regulation
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Sample Questions
Q1) Governmental regulations that seek to further societal objectives are examples of A) social regulation.
B) economic regulation.
C) environmental control.
D) central planning.
Q2) Describe the history of the U.S. government as to industries in distress.
Q3) The reason that the United States government passed anti-trust legislation was
A) to conform to Adam Smith's economic theory from Wealth of Nations.
B) due to lobbying efforts by private citizens' groups.
C) due to the anti-competitive practices of some large trusts.
D) to restrict competition.
Q4) In many ways the most controversial aspect of the government/business relationship is regulation.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Distinguish between producing a service and providing a service. Why is this distinction important in the debate over privatization?
Q6) Articulate a brief history of government's role in business.
Q7) Discuss the reasons for the overlapping trends of regulation and deregulation.
Page 13
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Chapter 12: Business Influence on Government and Public Policy
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Q1) The National Association of Manufacturers (NAM):
A) receives accolades from its small and medium-sized members for focusing on their particular needs.
B) advocates for protectionist trade policies.
C) is the preeminent U.S. manufacturers association as well as the nation's largest industrial trade association.
D) is credited with helping create the gain in manufacturing jobs.
Q2) Business lobbyists do all of the following things for their clients except
A) establish communications channels with regulatory bodies.
B) protect firms against surprise legislation.
C) audit the effects of passed legislation.
D) help draft legislation.
Q3) Which of the following is not usually a function that lobbyists serve for their clients?
A) monitoring legislation
B) helping members of Congress get reelected
C) organizing grassroots efforts
D) helping former members of Congress find jobs
Q4) Describe the role of political activity to the success of business.
Q5) What's the danger of a company not being able to define a public issue.
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Chapter 13: Consumer Stakeholders: Information Issues
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Q1) Ambiguous advertising that leaves it to the viewer to infer the message is the use of A) concealed facts.
B) weasel words.
C) plot placements.
D) exaggerated claims.
Q2) The consumer movement is generally traced back to a single cause or event, although the specific incident varies from author to author.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Why is advertising to children particularly troubling to ethicists?
Q4) The Consumer Financial Protection Bureau:
A) enforces consumer financial protection laws.
B) takes consumer complaints.
C) promotes financial education.
D) The CFPB does all of these things.
Q5) What is wrong with Verizon's ad "Guaranteed to Never Go Up" as well as other listed advertising absurdities in the text?
Q6) Describe the main issues related to using psychological appeals in advertising.
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Chapter 14: Consumer Stakeholders: Product and Service Issues
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Q1) No matter how careful business is regarding the safety of its products, product liability suits are inevitable.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Which of the following is not part of the FDA's mission?
A) to help identify and develop new foods and drugs
B) to support better informed decisions about FDA-regulated products
C) to protect the public health
D) to enhance oversight of FDA-regulated products
Q3) Six Sigma practitioners believe in fixing the ____ rather than the ____.
A) practice; theory
B) product; worker
C) process; product
D) worker; customer
Q4) How has business responded to consumer stakeholders over the years? What do you think made business respond more effectively to consumers?
Q5) Tort reform is a high profile issue in current business and political discussions. Should tort reform be instituted? Support your answer with sound reasoning.
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Chapter 15: Sustainability and the Natural Environment
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Sample Questions
Q1) Describe the basic problems of producing toxic substances.
Q2) Deforestation does not affect global warming.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The triple bottom line is a system of reporting that covers economic, social, and environmental performance.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Biodiversity continues to be lost at a small rate.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Businesses are paying close attention to all of the following green groups except A) consumers.
B) legislators.
C) employees.
D) investors.
Q6) What are the answers to our overuse of nonrenewable energy resources?
Q7) How is the Flint water crisis an example of the law versus ethics?
Q8) What is the focus of sustainability?
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Chapter 16: Business and Community Stakeholders
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Q1) List and describe four main types of service programs according to the CECP. What do companies get out of these kinds of service?
Q2) The most important issue in corporate community involvement is
A) crimes or public safety.
B) K-12 education.
C) housing.
D) health and wellness.
Q3) Which of the following is not a reason that some people want more transparency in corporate philanthropy?
A) money belongs to shareholders
B) to close tax loopholes
C) improve image of philanthropy
D) giving is just for glory
Q4) Being more systematic about the company's relationship with the community often results in developing a
A) community involvement initiative.
B) community action program.
C) community partnership plan.
D) community crisis center.
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Chapter 17: Employee Stakeholders and Workplace Issues
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Q1) An alternative dispute resolution method that allows the employee to be represented by an attorney in front of a neutral company executive is called A) mediation.
B) arbitration.
C) a hearing procedure.
D) trial by fire.
Q2) Under the employment-at-will doctrine, the only illegal reason for firing someone is A) fraud.
B) discrimination.
C) belonging to a union.
D) poor financial performance.
Q3) What are the impacts of a global economic recession on employee loyalty?
Q4) Does an employee maintain her civil rights when she is at work? If so, how are they prioritized relative to other rights and duties at work?
Q5) Is the employment-at-will doctrine fair to both employer and employee?
Q6) The trend toward using Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) is growing.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 18: Employee Stakeholders: Privacy, Safety, and Health
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Q1) Critics of integrity tests claim each of the following except:
A) They are intrusive and invade privacy.
B) They are unreliable.
C) They are effective when used as part of a screening process.
D) They reject many honest candidates.
Q2) Modern polygraph machines and techniques have benefited from significant advances in technology, and are much more reliable than earlier methods of lie detection.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Employee Assistance Programs cover employee problem areas such as A) workplace rights
B) nausea
C) problems with youthfulness.
D) AIDS.
Q4) Compare the potential for invasion of individuals' privacy from the USA Patriot Act and the average business.
Q5) Secondary, or passive, smoke can cause death of lung cancer even in non-smokers. A)True
B)False
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Chapter 19: Employment Discrimination and Workplace
Diversity
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Q1) The principle that reparation is owed to the person or people harmed by an injustice is
A) distributive justice.
B) procedural justice.
C) contributive justice.
D) compensatory justice.
Q2) In the 1970's, women began to see that their workplace situation was no better than that of.
A) men.
B) African-Americans.
C) Asian-Americans.
D) older workers.
Q3) Hispanics are the only minority group to be categorized by language.
A)True
B)False
Q4) By definition, sexual harassment cannot take place between two parties of the same sex.
A)True
B)False
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Q5) Describe the main differences between disparate treatment and disparate impact.