Brain and Behavior
Chapter Exam Questions
Course Introduction
This course explores the intricate relationship between the brain and human behavior, focusing on how neural mechanisms underlie perception, emotion, cognition, and action. Students will examine the structure and function of the nervous system, the effects of neurotransmitters and hormones, and the biological basis of psychological disorders. By integrating principles from neuroscience, psychology, and physiology, the course emphasizes how brain activity shapes behaviors, thoughts, and experiences across the lifespan. Topics include brain development, neural plasticity, sensory and motor systems, learning and memory, and contemporary research techniques in studying brain-behavior connections.
Recommended Textbook
Biological Psychology 12th Edition by James W. Kalat
Available Study Resources on Quizplus
15 Chapters
1794 Verified Questions
1794 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/study-set/1252 Page 2
Chapter 1: Nerve Cells and Nerve Impulses
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
120 Verified Questions
120 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/24716
Sample Questions
Q1) Which type of glia release chemicals that modify the activity of neighboring neurons?
A)astrocytes
B)Schwann cells
C)oligodendrocytes
D)radial glia
Answer: A
Q2) The surface of a dendrite is lined with specialized junctions through which the dendrite receives information from other neurons.What are these junctions called?
A)synaptic receptors
B)axons
C)synaptic hillocks
D)glia
Answer: A
Q3) An afferent axon brings information into a structure.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 3
Chapter 2: Synapses
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
120 Verified Questions
120 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/24717
Sample Questions
Q1) Which statement is TRUE of EPSPs?
A)They work in pairs to produce an action potential.
B)They decay over time and space.
C)They can be either excitatory or inhibitory.
D)They occur because potassium gates open.
Answer: B
Q2) Inhibitory synapses on a neuron ____.
A)hyperpolarize the postsynaptic cell
B)weaken the cell's polarization
C)increase the probability of an action potential
D)move the potential closer to the cell's threshold
Answer: A
Q3) After one frog's heart has been stimulated,an extract of fluid from that heart can make a second frog's heart beat faster.What conclusion did Otto Loewi draw from these results?
A)Transmission at synapses is a chemical event.
B)The sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems are antagonistic.
C)Transmission at heart muscle synapses is electrical.
D)Hormones facilitate the actions of the nervous system.
Answer: A
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 4
Chapter 3: Anatomy and Research Methods
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
120 Verified Questions
120 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/24718
Sample Questions
Q1) Briefly describe the main categories of methods for studying brain function.
Answer: 1.Examine the effects of brain damage.After damage or temporary inactivation,what aspects of behavior are impaired2.Examine the effects of stimulating a brain area.Ideally,if damaging some area impairs a behavior,stimulating that area should enhance the behavior.3.Record brain activity during behavior.We might record changes in brain activity during fighting,sleeping,finding food,solving a problem,or any other behavior.4.Correlate brain anatomy with behavior.Do people with some unusual behavior also have unusual brains If so,in what way
Q2) The ascending portion of the reticular formation ____.
A)controls the motor areas of the spinal cord
B)is responsible for the eye muscles
C)controls the motor areas of the brain
D)increases arousal and attention
Answer: D
Q3) Olfactory information is processed by the ____.
A)thalamus via the olfactory bulbs
B)cortex via the olfactory bulbs
C)spinal cord
D)medulla
Answer: B
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 5
Chapter 4: Genetics, evolution, development, and Plasticity
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
123 Verified Questions
123 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/24719
Sample Questions
Q1) Recent evidence suggests that phantom limb pain is caused by sensations coming from the stump of the amputated limb.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Which statement is TRUE with respect to evolution?
A)"If you don't use it, you lose it."
B)Evolutionary success is assessed by the number of one's offspring surviving to reproduce.
C)Evolution benefits the species, in the long run.
D)Evolution benefits the individual.
Q3) Closed head injury results in damage partially because of ____.
A)increased production of myelin
B)excessive deficit of neurotrophins
C)rotational forces that push the brain against the inside of the skull
D)infection
Q4) Chemically,what is the route from genes to their expression?
A)DNA to proteins to RNA
B)DNA to RNA to proteins
C)proteins to DNA to RNA
D)RNA to DNA to proteins
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 6
Chapter 5: Vision
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
120 Verified Questions
120 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/24720
Sample Questions
Q1) What is prosopagnosia?
Q2) What would be the likely outcome of a person who was blind at birth,and had vision restored later in life by the removal of cataracts (clouded lenses)?
A)quick development of normal vision
B)trouble describing the shapes of objects
C)trouble identifying the location of light
D)inability to use touch and sound cues to maneuver around in a building
Q3) Parvocellular neurons most likely receive input from ____.
A)magnocellular neurons
B)rods
C)bipolar cells that receive input from cones
D)the periphery of the retina
Q4) Which structure has the largest receptive fields and the greatest preferential sensitivity to highly complex visual patterns,such as faces?
A)inferior temporal cortex
B)superior colliculus
C)lateral geniculate
D)striate cortex
Q5) Describe the key functions of the major pathways in the visual cortex.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 7
Chapter 6: Other Sensory Systems
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
120 Verified Questions
120 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/24721
Sample Questions
Q1) Each spinal nerve has ____.
A)either a sensory or a motor component
B)both a sensory and a motor component
C)connections to most parts of the body
D)connections to each of the major internal organs
Q2) Surrounding the primary auditory cortex are additional auditory areas,in which cells respond more to changes in sounds than to any prolonged sound.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Vibrations in the fluid of the cochlea causes ____.
A)movement of the pinna
B)hair cells to displace
C)vibrations of the eardrum
D)vestibular input
Q4) A sound shadow refers to ____.
A)out of phase sound waves
B)in phase sound waves
C)the time it takes sound waves to reach the ears
D)how much louder a high-frequency sound is for the ear closest to the sound
Q5) Describe the basic mechanisms of taste receptors.
Page 8
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 7: Movement
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
120 Verified Questions
120 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/24722
Sample Questions
Q1) Infants have several reflexes not seen in adults.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The motor cortex produces a kind of activity called a(n)____ before any voluntary movement.
A)readiness potential
B)action potential
C)evoked potential
D)motor potential
Q3) L-Dopa,a common treatment for Parkinson's disease,is a drug that ____.
A)inhibits activity of the immune system
B)increases the brain's production of dopamine
C)blocks the enzyme acetylcholinesterase
D)facilitates the passage of sodium across neuron membranes
Q4) Which activity is an example of a motor program in a human?
A)yawning
B)making a list
C)taking your first steps
D)learning how to drive
Q5) Briefly describe the cellular organization of the cerebellum.
Page 9
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 8: Wakefulness and Sleep
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
120 Verified Questions
120 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/24723
Sample Questions
Q1) One part of the reticular formation that contributes to cortical arousal is known as the ____.
A)tectomesencephalon
B)pontomesencephalon
C)corticomesencephalon
D)rubromesencephalon
Q2) A "zeitgeber" is a(n)____.
A)biological clock
B)animal that does not have a biological clock
C)environmental cue that resets a biological clock
D)body activity that is controlled by a biological clock
Q3) The SCN produces circadian rhythms by altering ____.
A)blood pressure
B)production of proteins
C)action potential velocity
D)axon myelination
Q4) Discuss the relationship between sleep and memory.
Q5) The dominant zeitgeber for land animals is light.
A)True
B)False
10
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 9: Internal Regulation
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
120 Verified Questions
120 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/24724
Sample Questions
Q1) Homeostasis is to ____ as allostasis is to ____.
A)constant; variable
B)variable; constant
C)constant; decreasing
D)variable; increasing
Q2) The increasing prevalence of obesity obviously relates to the increased availability of our diet and ____.
A)depression
B)psychological distress
C)increased activity
D)sedentary lifestyle
Q3) Obesity in Prader-Willi syndrome is linked to a problem with ____.
A)melanocortin
B)ghrelin
C)NPY
D)leptin
Q4) Vasopressin increases blood pressure by constricting the blood vessels.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Describe how bulimia nervosa resembles drug addiction.
Page 11
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 10: Reproductive Behaviors
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
120 Verified Questions
120 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/24725
Sample Questions
Q1) Give some examples of evolutionary interpretations of mating behavior.
Q2) The hormones LH,FSH,and estradiol reach a peak ____.
A)in the first month of pregnancy
B)at the start of the menstrual period
C)at the end of the menstrual period
D)around the time of ovulation
Q3) Which of the following is unique to genetic males early in development?
A)Wolffian ducts
B)primitive gonads
C)Müllerian ducts
D)Müllerian inhibiting hormone
Q4) A "true hermaphrodite" is someone who ____.
A)has both XX and XY chromosome patterns
B)has both testicular and ovarian tissue
C)is female, but has sexual interest only in other females
D)dresses up as the opposite gender
Q5) Progesterone prepares the uterus for the implantation of a fertilized ovum and promotes the maintenance of pregnancy.
A)True
B)False
Page 12
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 11: Emotional Behaviors
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
120 Verified Questions
120 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/24726
Sample Questions
Q1) Many studies have found that violent criminals and arsonists released from prison had a greater probability of committing other violent crimes if they ____.
A)underwent surgical removal of the amygdala
B)ate diets low in corn
C)had lower than normal serotonin turnover
D)had higher than normal serotonin turnover
Q2) People with damage to either the prefrontal cortex or the amygdala show difficulties processing emotional information.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The autonomic nervous system is divided into two parts; the ____ nervous system (which prepares the body for emergency action),and the ____ nervous system (which calms the body).
A)sympathetic; parasympathetic
B)parasympathetic; sympathetic
C)somatic; craniosacral
D)craniosacral; somatic
Q4) Briefly describe the James-Lange Theory of Emotion.
Q5) Briefly describe how benzodiazepines work in the brain.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 13
Chapter 12: The Biology of Learning and Memory
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
120 Verified Questions
120 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/24727
Sample Questions
Q1) What is one explanation for why Lashley failed at finding the engram?
A)He used poor surgical methods.
B)Some memories do not depend on the cortex.
C)The engram is continually changing location in the cortex.
D)Classical conditioning had not been discovered yet.
Q2) Most researchers now believe that the accumulation of amyloid and tau protein
A)is a result of the Alzheimer's disease
B)are partly the cause of Alzheimer's disease
C)are byproducts of acetylcholine
D)are byproducts of dying glial cells
Q3) What should be the usual relationship between the conditioned stimulus and the unconditioned stimulus in classical conditioning?
A)The conditioned stimulus should be presented first.
B)The unconditioned stimulus should be presented first.
C)They should be presented simultaneously.
D)It depends on what each stimulus is.
Q4) H.M.was unable to form any kind of new memories after his surgery.
A)True
B)False
Page 14
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 13: Cognitive Functions
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
120 Verified Questions
120 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/24728
Sample Questions
Q1) The inborn mechanism for learning language is called the ____.
A)language acquisition device
B)poverty of the stimulus argument
C)speech synthesizer
D)grammatical articulation device
Q2) The nonhuman species that has made the most spectacular progress toward learning to communicate by an approximation of human language is the ____.
A)common chimpanzee
B)bonobo chimpanzee
C)gorilla
D)dolphin
Q3) Someone with Broca's aphasia is least likely to use ____.
A)prepositions and conjunctions
B)adjectives and adverbs
C)nouns
D)verbs
Q4) Language studies with bonobos suggest that they can understand more than they can produce.
A)True
B)False
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 15
Chapter 14: Psychological Disorders
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
121 Verified Questions
121 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/24729
Sample Questions
Q1) Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors operate similarly to ____.
A)tricyclics
B)MAOIs
C)Antabuse
D)L-Dopa
Q2) As compared to non-depressed people,depressed individuals ____.
A)have greater unpleasant events
B)react worse to unpleasant events
C)have fewer pleasant experiences
D)react more to pleasant experiences
Q3) Physicians must carefully monitor the dose of lithium they give to bipolar patients because ____.
A)people develop a tolerance to the drug and must gradually increase their dosage
B)people develop a sensitivity to the drug and must gradually decrease their dosage
C)the amount of drug needed to achieve a good effect varies from one time of year to another
D)the most beneficial dosage is just less than the dosage that is toxic
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 16
Chapter 15: Appendix A: Brief, basic Chemistry
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
110 Verified Questions
110 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/24715
Sample Questions
Q1) Research scientists are free to do as they wish when conducting research with animals.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The characteristic features of an animal are almost always ____.
A)fundamental properties
B)modifications of something found in the ancestral species
C)highly variable across species
D)the result of genetic drift
Q3) A(n)____ explanation of the brain invokes the chemical reactions that enable hormones to influence brain activity.
A)ontogenetic
B)evolutionary
C)physiological
D)functional
Q4) Which specialist is most likely to work with people with brain damage?
A)comparative psychologist
B)biopsychologist
C)neuropsychologist
D)psychobiologist
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 17