Biomedical Sciences
Exam Bank
Course Introduction
Biomedical Sciences is an interdisciplinary field that combines the principles of biology and medicine to explore the mechanisms underlying human health and disease. This course covers essential topics such as human anatomy, physiology, biochemistry, genetics, immunology, and pathology, as well as advances in biotechnology and molecular biology. Students will gain a solid foundation in the scientific methods used to investigate human biology at the molecular, cellular, and systems levels. The curriculum emphasizes critical thinking, laboratory skills, and the application of research to understand disease processes, diagnostics, and the development of therapeutic strategies, preparing students for further study or careers in healthcare, biomedical research, and related fields.
Recommended Textbook
Human Physiology 11th Edition by Stuart Fox
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2345 Verified Questions
2345 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: The Study of Body Function
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108 Verified Questions
108 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The study of disease processes aids in the understanding of normal functions.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) Vitamin D produced in the skin may function as a hormone.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) A transitional epithelium consists of a single layer of rounded, nonkeratinized cells which function to strengthen luminal walls.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q4) Units of bone composed of concentric rings of lamellae with their trapped osteocytes are called
A)canaliculi.
B)osteons.
C)haversian systems.
D)Both osteons and haversian systems.
Answer: D
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Chapter 2: Chemical Composition of the Body
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103 Verified Questions
103 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Phospholipids
A)are glycolipids originally isolated from the prostate gland.
B)are major components of the cell membrane.
C)have a polar head and a nonpolar tail.
D)Both are major components of the cell membrane and have a polar head and a nonpolar tail are correct.
Answer: D
Q2) Keratin and collagen are considered _______ proteins.
A)functional
B)structural
C)fibrous
D)Both structural and fibrous are correct.
Answer: D
Q3) An ionized organic acid is designated with the suffix - ate.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Chapter 3: Cell Structure and Genetic Control
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115 Verified Questions
115 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The cell is the basic structural and functional unit in the body.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) All body cells have at least one nonmotile primary cilium with a "9+2" structure.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q3) The flexibility of a cell's membrane is determined by the ratio of _____________ to ____________.
A)protein, carbohydrate
B)cholesterol, protein
C)phospholipids, protein
D)cholesterol, phospholipids
Answer: D
Q4) Mitochondria contain their own DNA.
A)True
B)False Answer: True
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Chapter 4: Enzymes and Energy
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97 Verified Questions
97 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) A common reducing agent used to couple chemical reactions in cells is
A)riboflavin.
B)niacin.
C)NADH.
D)FAD.
Q2) Biological catalysts
A)decrease reaction rates.
B)alter a reaction product.
C)remain unchanged at the end of the reaction.
D)All of these choices are correct.
Q3) Energy can change forms, but cannot be created or destroyed is a statement of the A)first law of thermodynamics.
B)second law of thermodynamics.
C)law of mass action.
D)third law of thermodynamics.
Q4) Isomers are different forms of an enzyme.
A)True
B)False
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6
Chapter 5: Cell Respiration and Metabolism
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103 Verified Questions
103 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The Cori cycle converts ______________ to pyruvic acid.
A)glucose
B)acetyl CoA
C)lactic acid
D)alcohol
Q2) Formation of the maximum number of acetyl CoA molecules from glucose produces ______________ molecules of carbon dioxide.
A)no
B)one
C)two
D)four
Q3) The electron transport system is a series of _________ reactions.
A)composition-decomposition
B)dehydration synthesis-hydrolysis
C)oxidation-reduction
D)reversible
Q4) Acetyl CoA and NAD are the end-products of the Krebs Cycle.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 6: Interactions Between Cells and The Extracellular Environment
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102 Verified Questions
102 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Most cells have a resting membrane potential between
A)+60mV and -90mV.
B)-60mV and -90mV.
C)-65mV and -85mV.
D)+65mV and +90mV.
Q2) The Na<sup>+</sup>/K<sup>+</sup> pump creates a ____________ charge inside the cell.
A)positive
B)negative
Q3) Facilitated diffusion of a molecule into a cell would be more rapid if
A)the concentration of the molecule in the cell increased.
B)the concentration of water in the cell decreased.
C)the concentration of the molecule outside the cell increased.
D)the cell was isotonic.
Q4) The osmotic pressure exerted by a cell would decrease if the cell synthesized more proteins.
A)True
B)False
8
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Chapter 7: The Nervous System
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131 Verified Questions
131 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is NOT a function of neurotrophins?
A)maintaining sympathetic ganglion
B)sustain neurons that use the NT dopamine
C)embryonic development of neurons
D)regeneration of injured motor neurons
Q2) Nicotinic receptors utilize G-proteins to regulate the opening of ion channels.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Regeneration of CNS axons may be prevented in part by inhibitory proteins in the membranes of the A)myelin sheath.
B)neurons.
C)astrocytes.
D)satellite cells.
Q4) Myelinated axons transmit action potentials more rapidly than unmyelinated axons. A)True
B)False
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Chapter 8: The Central Nervous System
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134 Verified Questions
134 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) LTP studies have shown that protein synthesis must occur to form dendritic spines to make more permanent changes in synapses to create long-term memory.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Sensory impulses associated with crude touch and pressure are transmitted by the posterior spinocerebellar tracts to the thalamus.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Neural crest cells differentiate into
A)the telencephalon.
B)the red nucleus.
C)the basal nuclei.
D)peripheral nervous system ganglia.
Q4) The conversion of short-term memory to long-term memory would be inhibited by A)ablation of the pons.
B)ablation of the cerebral nuclei.
C)ablation of the hippocampus.
D)ablation of the occipital lobe.
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Chapter 9: The Autonomic Nervous System
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96 Verified Questions
96 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Cocaine is a(an) ___________________ drug, meaning that it promotes sympathetic nerve effects.
A)cholinergic
B)adrenergic
C)sympathomimetic
D)parasympathomimetic
Q2) Alpha-1-adrenergic receptors are mediated by A)cAMP.
B)Ca<sup>2+</sup>.
C)K<sup>+</sup>.
D)Na<sup>+</sup>.
Q3) Important visceral sensory information like blood pressure, plasma pH, and oxygen concentration are carried to the brain through cranial nerves XI and XII.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Postganglionic sympathetic neurons arise from the thoracic and lumbar regions of the spinal cord.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 10: Sensory Physiology
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143 Verified Questions
143 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Information from both eyes is present in all of the following except the A)optic tract.
B)optic nerve.
C)optic radiation.
D)occipital lobe.
Q2) Within the eye, electrical impulses pass from
A)photoreceptors to ganglion cells to bipolar cells.
B)ganglion cells to bipolar cells to photoreceptors.
C)photoreceptors to bipolar cells to ganglion cells.
D)bipolar cells to photoreceptors to ganglion cells.
Q3) Accommodation would occur when
A)the muscles of the ciliary body contract.
B)the zonular fibers become taut.
C)objects move further away from the eye.
D)the lateral rectus muscle contracts.
Q4) Photoreceptors have the enzyme to re-isomerize the all-trans retinal back to the 11-cis form.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 11: Endocrine Glands
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121 Verified Questions
121 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Steroid hormone receptors may be found
A)in the cytoplasm.
B)in the nucleus.
C)on the cell surface.
D)Both in the cytoplasm and in the nucleus.
Q2) What is the action of the signaling molecules activated by insulin-tyrosine kinase second messenger system?
A)insertion of glucose carrier proteins into the plasma membrane
B)hydrolysis of glycogen and secretion of glucose
C)transport of insulin into the cell
D)All of the choices are correct.
Q3) Protein kinase catalyzes the ___________ of other enzymes in the cytoplasm.
A)hydrolysis
B)phosphorylation
C)synthesis
D)decarboxylation
Q4) Inhibition of luteinizing hormone secretion would inhibit testosterone synthesis.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 12: Muscle
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125 Verified Questions
125 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Damage to the lower motor neurons would induce
A)spastic paralysis.
B)clonus.
C)Babinski's sign.
D)flaccid paralysis.
Q2) Summation occurs in muscle cells when action potentials are added to produce a greater force stimulating contraction.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The cerebellar influence on motor activity is excitatory.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Clonus is a flapping motion caused by alternate activation of antagonistic stretch reflexes.
A)True
B)False
Q5) The monosynaptic stretch reflex involves the actions of the muscle spindles.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 13: Blood, Heart, and Circulation
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116 Verified Questions
116 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) When the wrong blood type is given to a patient, the antibodies in the patient's blood react with the antigens on the surface of the transfused blood causing a reaction called A)neutralization. B)precipitation.
C)agglutination. D)coagulation.
Q2) Blood clot dissolution is stimulated by tissue thromboplastin. A)True
B)False
Q3) Increased circulating lactate dehydrogenase may indicate that a myocardial infarction has occurred within the past week. A)True
B)False
Q4) The referred pain indicative of myocardial ischemia is known as bradycardia. A)True B)False
Q5) Kallikrein is the active form of plasminogen. A)True B)False
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Chapter 14: Cardiac Output, Blood Flow, and Bloodpressure
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113 Verified Questions
113 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Angiotensin I is formed from the plasma protein ____ by the action of the enzyme
A)Angiotensin II; renin.
B)angiotensinogen; ACE.
C)angiotensinogen; renin.
D)renin: ACE.
Q2) The opposing forces that affect fluid movements across a capillary are known as A)oncotic pressures.
B)Starling forces.
C)colloid osmotic pressures.
D)None of the choices are correct.
Q3) Pulse pressure is the difference between systolic and diastolic blood pressures.
A)True
B)False
Q4) A decrease in total peripheral resistance would cause blood flow to A)increase.
B)decrease.
C)remain unchanged.
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16
Chapter 15: The Immune System
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106 Verified Questions
106 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The ability of IgM antibodies to convert of other types of antibodies is called A)cloning.
B)antigen-dependent diversification.
C)class switch recombination.
D)somatic hyper mutation.
Q2) What chemical acts as a chemokine to draw more neutrophils to the site of an infection?
A)histamine
B)tumor necrosis factor alpha
C)protease
D)prostaglandin
Q3) _____________ may induce excess nitric oxide production in macrophages which could lead to the hypotension characteristic of septic shock.
A)Exotoxin
B)Interferon
C)Endotoxin
D)Complement
Q4) Immediate hypersensitivity is utilized in the Mantoux test.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 16: Respiratory Physiology
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127 Verified Questions
127 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) When a diver descends 20 meters below sea level, the total atmospheric pressure would increase by ____ atmospheres.
A)1
B)2
C)3
D)4
Q2) Breathing 100% oxygen will
A)significantly increase the oxygen delivery to tissues.
B)increase the amount of oxygen in red blood cells.
C)significantly increase the total oxygen content of whole blood.
D)not change the amount of oxygen dissolved in the plasma.
Q3) Quiet expiration will increase intrapulmonary pressure to about +3 mm Hg above atmospheric pressure.
A)True
B)False
Q4) What is the condition of having low blood oxygen levels?
A)hypocapnia
B)hypercapnia
C)hypoxia
D)hypoxemia
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Chapter 17: Physiology of the Kidneys
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115 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The renal plasma clearance of a substance that is filtered but not reabsorbed or secreted is ___ the GFR.
A)greater than B)less than C)equal to
Q2) People with diabetes mellitus have glycosuria because A)the total renal blood flow is low.
B)the plasma glucose concentration is greater than the renal plasma threshold. C)they have inadequate amounts of ADH.
D)None of the choices are correct.
Q3) The minimum plasma concentration of a substance that results in the excretion of that substance in the urine is the A)transport maximum. B)GFR.
C)renal plasma clearance. D)renal plasma threshold.
Q4) The main function of the kidneys is the regulation of the intracellular fluid. A)True B)False
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Chapter 18: The Digestive System
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135 Verified Questions
135 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The gastrointestinal tract generates monomers from polymers by condensation.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Cholesterol removal is facilitated by the production of __________ lipoproteins.
A)high-density
B)low-density
C)very low-density
D)medium-density
Q3) Which of the following is NOT true of 5-hydroxytryptamine?
A)it is secreted by ECL cells of the intestinal mucosa
B)stimulates intrinsic afferent to activate motor neurons for peristalsis
C)stimulates secretion of Cl<sup>-</sup> and water
D)All of the choices are true.
Q4) Excessive amounts of porphyrin heme groups in the liver is toxic and called porphyria.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Inhibiting hepatic function could limit blood clotting.
A)True
B)False
20
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Chapter 19: Regulation of Metabolism
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Sample Questions
Q1) To decrease hunger, MSH must bind to its receptor, ______ in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus.
A)neuropeptide Y
B)agouti-related protein
C)melanocortin 4
D)PYY
Q2) Destruction of which pancreatic cells would cause hyperglycemia?
A)alpha cells
B)beta cells
C)delta cells
D)None of the choices are correct.
Q3) A BMI of over ____ is considered obese.
A)20
B)25
C)30
D)35
Q4) During the absorptive state, catabolic reactions are favored over anabolic reactions.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 20: Reproduction
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128 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) A stem cell that can give rise to all tissues except the trophoblast cells of the placenta is called
A)totipotent.
B)retropotent.
C)multipotent.
D)pluripotent.
Q2) About 60% of the volume of semen is produced by the A)seminal vesicles.
B)prostate gland.
C)bulbourethral glands.
D)testes.
Q3) Estrogen may play a role in spermatogenesis as evidenced by estrogen receptors found on developing A)sperm cells.
B)brains.
C)uterine. D)oocytes.
Q4) Leydig cells in the male produce Müllerian inhibition factor. A)True B)False
Page 22
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