Biomechanics Review Questions
Course Introduction
Biomechanics is the study of the mechanical principles that govern the movement and structure of living organisms, with a primary focus on humans. This course explores how forces interact with the bodys tissues, joints, and muscles during movement, analyzing concepts such as kinematics, kinetics, muscle mechanics, and the mechanical properties of biological materials. By integrating principles from physics, engineering, and biology, students gain insights into movement efficiency, injury mechanisms, rehabilitation, and the design of assistive devices, making biomechanics crucial for careers in sports science, physical therapy, orthopedics, and biomedical engineering.
Recommended Textbook
The Muscular System Manual The Skeletal Muscles of the Human Body 3rd Edition by Joseph E.
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19 Chapters
1514 Verified Questions
1514 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: Basic Kinesiology Terminology
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22 Verified Questions
22 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is the relationship of an axis to its plane?
A)it is parallel
B)it is located within the plane
C)it is perpendicular
D)there is no relationship
Answer: C
Q2) Which term describes extension that occurs beyond normal or healthy range of motion?
A)circumduction
B)hypoextension
C)hyperextension
D)stability
Answer: C
Q3) Which movement term describes motion of the scapula that results in the glenoid fossa facing more superiorly?
A)upward tilt
B)protraction
C)downward rotation
D)upward rotation
Answer: D
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Chapter 2: The Skeletal System
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13 Verified Questions
13 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which motions are usually permitted by a pivot joint?
A)flexion and extension
B)rotations
C)abduction and adduction
D)lateral flexions
Answer: B
Q2) Which are structural classifications of a joint?
A)synarthrotic,amphiarthrotic,diarthrotic
B)synarthrotic,fibrous,synovial
C)uniaxial,biaxial,triaxial
D)fibrous,cartilaginous,synovial
Answer: D
Q3) Fibrous joints are usually classified as which of the following?
A)synarthrotic
B)diarthrotic
C)nonaxial
D)ball-and-socket
Answer: A
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4
Chapter 3: How Muscles Function
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27 Verified Questions
27 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) When visualizing a muscle that is being learned,how much detail is needed to figure out its actions?
A)knowing what joint it crosses,where it crosses the joint,and how it crosses the joint
B)knowing the exact attachment locations of the muscle
C)seeing the muscle in its context with adjacent muscles
D)all of the above
Answer: A
Q2) The origin of a muscle is usually which attachment?
A)the distal one
B)the inferior one
C)the lighter one
D)the proximal one
Answer: D
Q3) Which of the following is the term for a lengthening contraction?
A)isometric
B)contralateral
C)eccentric
D)concentric
Answer: C
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Page 5
Chapter 4: Muscles of the Shoulder Girdle Joints
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77 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What provides innervation for the rhomboids?
A)thoracodorsal nerve
B)dorsal scapular nerve
C)suprascapular nerve
D)long thoracic nerve
Q2) Which is an eccentric function of the subclavius?
A)restrains/slows elevation of the clavicle at the sternoclavicular joint
B)restrains/slows depression of the clavicle at the sternoclavicular joint
C)restrains/slows elevation of the first rib at the sternocostal and costospinal joints
D)restrains/slows depression of the scapula at the scapulocostal joint
Q3) Why are the rhomboid major and the rhomboid minor usually considered together?
A)because they both have the word "rhomboid" in their name
B)because they both have a similar shape
C)because they have identical fiber direction and therefore identical lines of pull and therefore identical actions
D)because they are both located in the interscapular region
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6
Chapter 5: Muscles of the Glenohumeral Joint
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50 Verified Questions
50 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The critical zone of the rotator cuff tendon refers to
A)the distal tendon of the supraspinatus.
B)the proximal tendon of the supraspinatus.
C)the distal tendon of the infraspinatus.
D)the proximal tendon of the subscapularis.
Q2) What nerve(s)innervates the supraspinatus?
A)axillary nerve
B)suprascapular nerve
C)sciatic nerve
D)upper and lower subscapular nerves
Q3) Which muscle attaches onto the medial shaft of the humerus?
A)pectoralis major
B)deltoid
C)supraspinatus
D)coracobrachialis
Q4) What nerve innervates the coracobrachialis?
A)median nerve
B)axillary nerve
C)obturator nerve
D)musculocutaneous nerve
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Chapter 6: Muscles of the Elbow and Radioulnar Joints
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60 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which is an action of the anconeus?
A)pronation of the forearm at the radioulnar joints
B)supination of the forearm at the radioulnar joints
C)extension of the forearm at the elbow joint
D)flexion of the forearm at the elbow joint
Q2) What nerve runs between the two heads of the pronator teres?
A)median nerve
B)radial nerve
C)musculocutaneous nerve
D)axillary nerve
Q3) Which is an eccentric function of the brachioradialis?
A)restrains/slows flexion of the arm at the glenohumeral joint
B)restrains/slows extension of the arm at the glenohumeral joint
C)restrains/slows flexion of the forearm at the elbow joint
D)restrains/slows extension of the forearm at the elbow joint
Q4) What nerve innervates the pronator teres?
A)median nerve
B)axillary nerve
C)radial nerve
D)ulnar nerve
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Chapter 7: Muscles of the Wrist Joint
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57 Verified Questions
57 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which are the attachments of the extensor carpi radialis brevis?
A)lateral supracondylar ridge of the humerus to the styloid process of the radius
B)medial epicondyle of the humerus (via the common flexor tendon)to the radial hand on the anterior side
C)medial epicondyle of the humerus (via the common flexor tendon)to the radial hand on the posterior side
D)lateral epicondyle of the humerus (via the common extensor tendon)to the radial hand on the posterior side
Q2) What are the three muscles of the "wrist extensor group"?
A)flexor carpi radialis,flexor carpi ulnaris,and palmaris longus
B)brachioradialis,extensor carpi radialis longus,and extensor carpi radialis brevis
C)extensor carpi radialis longus,extensor carpi radialis brevis,and extensor digitorum
D)extensor carpi radialis longus,extensor carpi radialis brevis,and extensor carpi ulnaris
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9
Chapter 8: Extrinsic Muscles of the Finger Joints
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75 Verified Questions
75 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which is an action of the extensor digiti minimi?
A)extension of the little finger (finger number five)at the metacarpophalangeal and proximal and distal interphalangeal joints
B)flexion of the little finger (finger number five)at the metacarpophalangeal and proximal and distal interphalangeal joints
C)flexion of the hand at the wrist joint
D)flexion of the thumb at the carpometacarpal,metacarpophalangeal,and interphalangeal joints
Q2) Which is an action of the flexor pollicis longus?
A)extension of the thumb at the carpometacarpal,metacarpophalangeal,and interphalangeal joints
B)extension of the hand at the wrist joint
C)flexion of the hand at the wrist joint
D)extension of the arm at the glenohumeral joint
Q3) What nerve innervates the flexor digitorum superficialis?
A)median nerve
B)axillary nerve
C)radial nerve
D)ulnar nerve
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Page 10
Chapter 9: Intrinsic Muscles of the Finger Joints
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90 Verified Questions
90 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which is an action of the dorsal interossei manus at the metacarpophalangeal joint?
A)adduction of fingers two,three,and four
B)abduction of fingers two,three,and four
C)medial rotation of fingers two,three,and four
D)abduction of fingers three,four,and five
Q2) Which is an eccentric function of the palmar interossei?
A)restrains/slows adduction of fingers two,four,and five at the metacarpophalangeal joint
B)restrains/slows abduction of fingers two,four,and five at the metacarpophalangeal joint
C)restrains/slows flexion of the hand at the wrist joint
D)restrains/slows flexion of fingers two,four,and five at the metacarpophalangeal joint
Q3) What does the word "pollicis" mean?
A)thumb
B)big toe
C)middle finger
D)index finger
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Chapter 10: Muscles of the Spinal Joints
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211 Verified Questions
211 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Generally,which is an action of the scalene muscle group of ribs at the sternocostal and costospinal joints?
A)depression of ribs three through five
B)elevation of ribs one and two.
C)elevation of ribs one and two
D)depression of ribs one through seven
Q2) Which suboccipital muscle has an attachment directly into the dura mater?
A)obliquus capitis superior
B)obliquus capitis inferior
C)rectus capitis posterior major
D)rectus capitis posterior minor
Q3) If a muscle crosses the spinal joints of the trunk posteriorly with a vertical direction to its fibers,what eccentric function will it most likely have?
A)restrains/slows flexion of the trunk at the spinal joints
B)restrains/slows extension of the trunk at the spinal joints
C)restrains/slows lateral flexion of the trunk at the spinal joints
D)restrains/slows contralateral rotation of the trunk at the spinal joints
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Chapter 11: Muscles of the Rib Cage Joints
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58 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which is true regarding the fiber direction of the external intercostals?
A)it is the same as the same-side (ipsilateral)internal intercostals
B)it is the same as the same-side (ipsilateral)external abdominal oblique
C)it is the same as the opposite-side (contralateral)external intercostals
D)none of the above
Q2) Which is an eccentric function of the transversus thoracis?
A)restrains/slows depression of the clavicle at the sternoclavicular joint
B)restrains/slows elevation of ribs two through six at the sternocostal and costospinal joints
C)restrains/slows depression of ribs two through six at the sternocostal and costospinal joints
D)restrains/slows elevation of the clavicle at the sternoclavicular joint
Q3) Which is an action of the levatores costarum?
A)elevation of the ribs at the sternocostal and costospinal joints
B)depression of the ribs at the sternocostal and costospinal joints
C)flexion of the spine at the spinal joints
D)elevation of the scapula at the scapulocostal joint
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13
Chapter 12: Muscles of the Temporomandibular Joints
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93 Verified Questions
93 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Generally,what is the location and what are the attachments of the suprahyoid group?
A)anterior neck,inferior to and attaching into the hyoid bone
B)anterior neck,superior to and attaching into the hyoid bone
C)posterior neck,inferior to and attaching into the hyoid bone
D)posterior neck,superior to and attaching into the hyoid bone
Q2) Which is an action of the lateral pterygoid of the mandible at the temporomandibular joints (TMJs)?
A)elevation
B)depression
C)protraction
D)retraction
Q3) Which is an eccentric function of the sternothyroid?
A)restrains/slows elevation of the hyoid bone
B)restrains/slows depression of the hyoid bone
C)restrains/slows elevation of the thyroid cartilage
D)restrains/slows depression of the thyroid cartilage
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14
Chapter 13: Muscles of Facial Expression
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97 Verified Questions
97 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which muscle of facial expression is important for whistling and blowing up a balloon?
A)risorius
B)buccinator
C)depressor labii inferioris
D)mentalis
Q2) Which is an action of the orbicularis oculi?
A)opens the eye
B)elevates the upper eyelid
C)closes and squints the eye
D)depresses the lower eyelid
Q3) Which are the attachments of the levator labii superioris alaeque nasi?
A)maxilla to the cartilage of the nose and the opposite-side levator labii superioris alaeque nasi muscle
B)inferior frontal bone to the skin deep to the medial portion of the eyebrow
C)maxilla to the upper lip and the nose
D)maxilla to the upper lip only
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15
Chapter 14: Muscles of the Hip Joint
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174 Verified Questions
174 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which is an action of the gluteus medius?
A)flexion of the trunk at the spinal joints
B)flexion of the leg at the knee joint
C)extension of the thigh at the hip joint
D)none of the above
Q2) Which are the attachments of the psoas major?
A)posteromedial lumbar spine to the greater trochanter of the femur
B)posterolateral lumbar spine to the lesser trochanter of the femur
C)anterolateral lumbar spine to the greater trochanter of the femur
D)anterolateral lumbar spine to the lesser trochanter of the femur
Q3) Which are actions of the sartorius?
A)flexion,abduction,and lateral rotation of the thigh at the hip joint;and extension of the leg at the knee joint
B)flexion,abduction,and lateral rotation of the thigh at the hip joint;and flexion of the leg at the knee joint
C)extension,abduction,and lateral rotation of the thigh at the hip joint;and extension of the leg at the knee joint
D)flexion,adduction,and lateral rotation of the thigh at the hip joint;and flexion of the leg at the knee joint
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Page 16
Chapter 15: Muscles of the Knee Joint
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Sample Questions
Q1) What are the names of the two heads of the biceps femoris?
A)deep and superficial
B)long and short
C)medial and lateral
D)straight and reflected
Q2) What are the names of the two proximal tendons of the rectus femoris?
A)straight and deep
B)deep and superficial
C)long and short
D)reflected and straight
Q3) What provides innervation for the rectus femoris?
A)obturator nerve
B)sciatic nerve
C)femoral nerve
D)superior gluteal nerve
Q4) What provides innervation for the hamstring group?
A)obturator nerve
B)sciatic nerve
C)femoral nerve
D)inferior gluteal nerve
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Chapter 16: Muscles of the Ankle and Subtalar Joints
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which is an action of the tibialis posterior?
A)plantarflexion of the foot at the ankle joint
B)dorsiflexion of the foot at the ankle joint
C)eversion of the foot at the subtalar joint
D)none of the above
Q2) If a muscle crosses the ankle joint anteriorly with a vertical direction to its fibers,what eccentric function will it most likely have?
A)restrains/slows dorsiflexion of the foot at the ankle joint
B)restrains/slows plantarflexion of the foot at the ankle joint
C)restrains/slows inversion of the foot at the subtalar joint
D)restrains/slows eversion of the foot at the subtalar joint
Q3) What nerve innervates the muscles of the posterior compartments of the leg?
A)obturator
B)superficial fibular
C)deep fibular
D)tibial
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18
Chapter 17: Extrinsic Muscles of the Toe Joints
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57 Verified Questions
57 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which are actions of the extensor hallucis longus?
A)extension of the big toe (toe number one)at the metatarsophalangeal and interphalangeal joints and dorsiflexion of the foot at the ankle joint
B)extension of the thumb at the metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal joints and extension of the hand at the wrist joint
C)flexion of the big toe (toe number one)at the metatarsophalangeal and interphalangeal joints and plantarflexion of the foot at the ankle joint
D)flexion of the thumb at the metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal joints and flexion of the hand at the wrist joint
Q2) The most distal and lateral aspect of the extensor digitorum longus does not attach to a digit;therefore it is given a separate name.What name is it given?
A)fibularis longus
B)fibularis brevis
C)fibularis tertius
D)extensor digitorum brevis
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Chapter 18: Intrinsic Muscles of the Toe Joints
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Sample Questions
Q1) If a muscle crosses the metatarsophalangeal joint on the side facing the center of the second toe,what eccentric function of the toe at this joint will it most likely have?
A)restrains/slows flexion
B)restrains/slows extension
C)restrains/slows abduction
D)restrains/slows adduction
Q2) Which are the attachments of the plantar interossei?
A)metacarpal of fingers two,four,and five to the "middle finger side" of the proximal phalanges of fingers two,four,and five
B)metatarsals to the medial sides of the phalanges and the distal tendons of the extensor digitorum longus (dorsal digital expansion)of toes three through five
C)calcaneus to the distal tendon of the flexor digitorum longus muscle
D)tuberosity of the calcaneus to the lateral sides of the phalanges and the distal tendons of the extensor digitorum longus (dorsal digital expansion)of toes two through four
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20
Chapter 19: Functional Groups of Muscles
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which are adductors of the metacarpophalangeal joints of fingers two through five?
A)opponens digiti minimi
B)dorsal interossei manus
C)lumbricals pedis
D)palmar interossei
Q2) Which are thigh medial rotators (and pelvic ipsilateral rotators)at the hip joint?
A)piriformis,posterior gluteus medius,quadratus femoris
B)posterior gluteus medius,anterior gluteus medius,rectus femoris
C)tensor fasciae latae,anterior gluteus medius,anterior gluteus minimus
D)quadratus femoris,adductor magnus,biceps femoris
Q3) Which are elevators of the mandible at the temporomandibular joints?
A)temporalis,masseter
B)medial pterygoid,lateral pterygoid
C)masseter,digastric
D)digastric,mylohyoid
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