Biology with Physiology Exam Preparation Guide
Course Introduction
Biology with Physiology explores the fundamental principles of biological science with a specific emphasis on the structure and function of living organisms. The course covers key topics such as cellular processes, genetics, evolution, and ecological relationships, while delving deeply into human and animal physiology. Students will examine how physiological systems including the nervous, circulatory, respiratory, digestive, and endocrine systems work together to maintain homeostasis and respond to internal and external changes. Through lectures, laboratory work, and interactive activities, students will gain a comprehensive understanding of life at the molecular, cellular, and organismal levels, preparing them for further studies or careers in health, science, and related fields.
Recommended Textbook
Biology Science for Life with Physiology Edition 5th Edition by Colleen M. Belk
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25 Chapters
1631 Verified Questions
1631 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: Can Science Cure the Common Cold
Introduction to the Scientific Method
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79 Verified Questions
79 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/19878
Sample Questions
Q1) In statistics, what is a sample?
A) the mean of a population to be studied
B) a small subgroup of a population to be studied
C) the correlation between the two different experimental factors
D) a range of values with a high probability of containing the true mean
Answer: B
Q2) According to the graph, how did the results of the control group compare to the results of the experimental group?
A) There was no difference between the results from both groups.
B) Echinacea tea was more effective for the experimental group.
C) Placebo tea was more effective for the control group.
D) Echinacea tea was more effective for the control group.
Answer: B
Q3) When is an experiment considered to be double-blind?
A) The hypothesis being tested is not based on previous observations.
B) It has already been performed by different researchers.
C) Neither the subjects nor the researchers know who is in the experimental and control groups.
D) The results of the experiment are only revealed to certain researchers.
Answer: C
Page 3
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Chapter 2: Science Fiction, Bad Science, and
Pseudoscience:
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53 Verified Questions
53 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What kind of bond holds two water molecules to each other?
A) hydrogen bonds
B) ionic bonds
C) nonpolar covalent bonds
D) polar covalent bonds
Answer: A
Q2) Why is the cohesion of water important for biological systems?
A) It helps to moderate the temperature of cold-blooded animals.
B) It helps transport water from the roots to the leaves of a plant.
C) It prevents chemical reactions from occurring in body systems.
D) It prevents salts from dissolving inside the plasma membrane.
Answer: B
Q3) Sodium chloride is composed of molecules that are stable when dry. In the presence of water, however, the atoms of the molecules separate from each other. What type of chemical bond holds the dry substance together?
A) hydrogen bonds
B) ionic bonds
C) nonpolar covalent bonds
D) polar covalent bonds
Answer: B
Page 4
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Chapter 3: Is It Possible to Supplement Your Way to Better
Performance and Health
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87 Verified Questions
87 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/19880
Sample Questions
Q1) What is a deficiency of water in the body?
A) diffusion
B) dehydration
C) endocytosis
D) hypertension
Answer: B
Q2) What is the type of diffusion in which water moves down a concentration gradient?
Answer: osmosis
Q3) What is the function of the plasma membrane in a photosynthetic eukaryotic cell?
A) It converts carbon dioxide and water into sugars.
B) It isolates the cell's contents from the external environment.
C) It controls protein synthesis in the cell.
D) It recycles old extracellular material.
Answer: B
Q4) Inside a eukaryotic cell, what is the watery matrix where the organelles are found?
Answer: cytosol
Q5) Which type of amino acids cannot be synthesized by the body?
Answer: essential
5
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Chapter 4: Body Weight and Health: Enzymes,
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63 Verified Questions
63 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is the source of chemical energy used to power a muscle cell in your arm?
A) pyruvic acid
B) adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
C) nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD )
D) phospholipids
Q2) Which condition is associated with obesity?
A) amenorrhea
B) Type 2 diabetes
C) osteoporosis
D) altered heart rhythms
Q3) What type of eating disorder involves consuming large amounts of food, followed by self-induced vomiting?
A) anorexia
B) bulimia
C) osteoporosis
D) diabetes
Q4) What weight classification would include a person with a BMI of 23?
Q5) What are the two molecules produced by cellular respiration?
Q6) What is the resting energy requirement of a person who is awake but not active? (three words) Page 6
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Page 7
Chapter 5: Life in the Greenhouse: Photosynthesis and Climate Change
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70 Verified Questions
70 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What are the largest reservoirs of carbon dioxide and heat on Earth?
A) the atmosphere
B) the oceans
C) animal bodies
D) fossil fuels
Q2) What process occurs as individual water molecules move fast enough to rise into the air as water vapor?
A) condensation
B) combustion
C) evaporation
D) precipitation
Q3) What is the initial carbon-containing starting product in the Calvin cycle?
A) glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate
B) glucose
C) ribulose bisphosphate
D) rubisco
Q4) Inside which specialized organelle does photosynthesis occur?
Q5) What cells regulate gas exchange by opening and closing the stomata?
Q6) What unconsumed macromolecule from dead organisms eventually formed fossil fuels? Page 8
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Page 9
Chapter 6: Cancer: DNA Synthesis, Mitosis, and Meiosis
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58 Verified Questions
58 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) During which phase of mitosis do sister chromatids separate to opposite poles of the cell?
A) prophase
B) anaphase
C) metaphase
D) telophase
Q2) What are the different versions of the same gene?
A) alleles
B) diploids
C) homologous chromosomes
D) sister chromatids
Q3) When do sister chromatids separate?
A) meiosis I and meiosis II
B) meiosis I and mitosis
C) mitosis and cytokinesis
D) meiosis II and mitosis
Q4) What is the process by which cells of a malignant tumor can break away and start new cancers at distant locations?
Q5) What enzyme assists in DNA synthesis? (two words)
Q6) What are the two halves of a duplicated chromosome? (two words)
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Chapter 7: Are You Only As Smart As Your Genes Mendelian and Quantitative Genetics
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71 Verified Questions
71 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which structure would be expected in normal eye cells but not in normal heart cells?
A) the protein rhodopsin
B) light-detecting mitochondria
C) the protein troponin
D) genes for the production of rhodopsin
Q2) Which trait is an example of a quantitative trait in humans?
A) cheek dimples
B) number of toe
C) musical ability
D) cystic fibrosis
Q3) When a recessive allele is associated with a genetic disease in humans, what would heterozygotes be considered?
A) vectors
B) dizygotic
C) carriers
D) qualitative
Q4) What term refers to an individual who has two copies of the same allele?
Q5) What single, circular structure is found in prokaryotes such as bacteria?
Q6) What type of genetic cross involves two traits?
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Chapter 8: DNA Detective: Complex Patterns of Inheritance and
Dna Profiling
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65 Verified Questions
65 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Hemophilia is an X-linked recessive allele causing a blood disorder. What are the chances that a daughter of a normal man and a woman, who is heterozygous for the disease, will have hemophilia?
A) 0%
B) 25%
C) 75%
D) 100%
Q2) What enzyme is used to synthesize daughter strands of DNA during PCR?
A) replicase
B) DNA polymerase
C) RNA polymerase
D) Taq polymerase
Q3) How would the pattern of inheritance for Rh factor be best described?
A) incomplete dominance
B) codominance
C) dominant-recessive
D) sex linkage
Q4) What pattern of inheritance occurs in the ABO blood system where there are three distinct alleles in human populations?
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Chapter 9: Genetically Modified Organisms: Gene
Expression, Mutation,
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66 Verified Questions
66 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What type of bond forms between amino acids at the ribosome during translation?
A) peptide
B) ester
C) phosphodiester
D) hydrogen
Q2) Which molecule serves as the template during transcription?
A) DNA
B) mRNA
C) tRNA
D) polymerase
Q3) Which type of disease condition could be successfully treated by gene therapy?
A) a disease caused by a nonfunctional enzyme in the body
B) a disease caused by excess fat intake
C) a disease caused by bacterial infection
D) a cancer caused by uncontrolled cell division
Q4) How have Alaskan salmon been genetically modified?
A) Bacterial genes have been inserted to resist invasive diseases.
B) Genes from freshwater algae have been inserted for an internal energy source.
C) Growth hormone genes from a faster growing fish species have been inserted.
D) Genes for the overproduction of essential fatty acids have been inserted.
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Chapter 10: Where Did We Come From the Evidence for Evolution
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72 Verified Questions
72 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which fact best supports the hypothesis of one common ancestor for all life?
A) DNA sequences from bacteria can be transferred to plants and other organisms.
B) Species in some groups have homologous anatomical structures.
C) Embryonic development is similar for all chordates.
D) Species in similar geographic locations show structural similarities.
Q2) When a biologist is looking for a suitable organism in which she can study the process of evolution in a laboratory setting, what would be an important consideration?
A) The organism should be large.
B) The organism should have a short generation time.
C) The organism should produce relatively few offspring.
D) The organism should have a complete fossil record of its ancestry.
Q3) Which taxonomic level would contain members that are the most similar?
A) class
B) genus
C) kingdom
D) order
Q4) What type of trait includes the tailbone found in humans and other primates without tails?
Q5) What is the main mechanism that results in evolution?
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Chapter 11: An Evolving Enemy: Natural Selection
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70 Verified Questions
70 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Why is the phrase "survival of the fittest" somewhat misleading?
A) It implies that the best possible organism will evolve.
B) It implies that organisms will always grow bigger and more complex.
C) It implies that there's random generation of variation.
D) It implies that humans are the proper end result of evolution.
Q2) True or false: Any trait that is controlled by genes can be acted on by natural selection.
A)True
B)False
Q3) After a rapid change in climate, one population of bird quickly adapts to the change, but others in the area do not. What could you conclude about the quickly adapting population?
A) They had a greater need to evolve than the other population.
B) They already had some alleles in their genome that were adaptive in the new environment.
C) They reproduced more slowly than the non-adapting population.
D) They had a higher rate of mutation than the other population.
Q4) Artificial selection occurs when an organism's fitness is controlled by ________.
Q5) What traits increase fitness in a particular environment?
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Chapter 12: Who Am I Species and Races
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70 Verified Questions
70 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What type of reproductive isolation would include closely related species of orchids that never mate in the wild because they bloom at different times?
Q2) True or false: A genealogical species definition includes fewer organisms than a biological species definition.
A)True
B)False
Q3) In order to support the hypothesis that two groups are different races, how often would unique alleles appear in one of the groups?
A) in one individual in the population
B) in one family line of the population
C) in a significant number of members in the population
D) in all the members on the population
Q4) You read that the frequency of a particular disease-associated recessive allele in a population is 12%. What does that mean?
A) 12% of the population has the disease caused by that allele.
B) 12% of the population is a carrier for that disease.
C) For every 100 people, there are 12 copies of the allele.
D) The allele is present in 12% of the cells in your body.
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Page 16
Chapter 13: The Greatest Species on Earth Biodiversity and Classification
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61 Verified Questions
61 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) How do fungi obtain nutrients?
A) through photosynthesis
B) by secreting chemicals that break down food and then absorbing it
C) by secreting antibiotics and then absorbing killed bacteria
D) by engulfing bacteria directly
Q2) How does the DNA of related organisms show similarity?
A) The DNA of each organism is unique and therefore shows no similarity.
B) The diverse types of sugars and phosphates are very similar.
C) The sequence of bases is very similar.
D) The locations of DNA within the cell are very similar.
Q3) Why will the leftovers in your refrigerator be guaranteed to eventually grow mold?
A) Fungi get nutrients from internal processes.
B) Fungi have cell walls.
C) Fungi are widespread and reproduce quickly.
D) Fungi often produce antibiotics.
Q4) What was the first antibiotic, discovered as a result of a laboratory accident?
Q5) What organisms form mats of long, thin chains of cells and are important in decomposition?
Q6) What process is performed by both algae and plants?
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Chapter 14: Is the Human Population Too Large Population
Ecology
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69 Verified Questions
69 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/19891
Sample Questions
Q1) Which factor is a population-limiting, density-dependent factor?
A) a heavy flood that destroys a large area around a river
B) a heat wave in which some organisms can't survive
C) a drought that limits food availability
D) the rapid spread of tuberculosis in heavily populated areas
Q2) Which mathematical symbol represents the carrying capacity of a population?
A) K
B) r
C) J
D) S
Q3) Which description applies to a population that's exhibiting exponential growth?
A) It will have growth proportional to the current total.
B) It shows a decreased growth rate over time.
C) It doubles every year.
D) It has as many individuals being born as are dying.
Q4) Approximately how many people are on Earth today?
A) 7 million
B) 70 million
C) 700 million
D) 7 billion
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Chapter 15: Conserving Biodiversity: Community and Ecosystem Ecology
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72 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Salmonella enteritidis causes a food-borne illness that kills 400 to 600 Americans each year. It is found mainly in poultry products. Rather than give large doses of antibiotics to poultry, some poultry producers infect the intestinal tract of hens with a harmless bacteria, resulting in a dramatic decrease of S. enteritidis found in the chickens. In this case, what principle did the producers use?
A) mutualism
B) predation
C) competitive exclusion
D) parasitism
Q2) During the 1980s, wolves were reintroduced to Yellowstone National Park after decades of absence due to attempted extermination in the early part of the twentieth century. Within 20 years, not only had the wolf population increased, but there was also a dramatic increase in other species, such as aspen, cottonwood, and willow trees, beavers, warblers, insects, and fish. These changes in Yellowstone Park are examples of how important a(n) ________ can be to an ecosystem.
A) keystone species
B) competitor
C) herbivore
D) parasite
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Chapter 16: Where Do You Live Climate and Biomes
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72 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which biome includes plants that are adapted to frequent fires?
A) boreal forest
B) temperate forest
C) chaparral
D) desert
Q2) Which major biome type contains most of Earth's biodiversity?
A) desert
B) tundra
C) grasslands
D) forests
Q3) To determine a geographic area's climate, what variable conditions must be taken into account?
A) distance from the equator and available sunlight
B) altitude and bodies of water
C) temperature and precipitation
D) air quality and urbanization
Q4) In a general sense, ________ refers to short term environmental conditions, and ________ refers to long term environmental conditions.
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Chapter 17: Organ Donation: Tissues and Organs
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54 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which tissue type includes fat and blood?
A) muscle
B) connective
C) epithelial
D) nervous
Q2) Which organ isn't able to be transplanted from a donor to a recipient?
A) a kidney
B) a heart
C) a liver
D) a brain
Q3) During thermoregulation, how does an endotherm respond to a high body temperature?
A) Blood vessels near the skin dilate.
B) Blood vessels near the skin constrict.
C) The brain shuts down to prevent damage.
D) Blood glucose levels increase to stimulate metabolism.
Q4) What example of homeostasis includes the maintenance of constant internal body temperature?
Q5) What tissue type protects the body from water loss?
Q6) What connective tissue is made from substances secreted by osteocytes?
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Chapter 18: Binge Drinking: the Digestive and Urinary Systems
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28 Verified Questions
28 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which organ secretes a buffer that neutralizes the acidity of stomach acid?
A) gall bladder
B) liver
C) pancreas
D) pharynx
Q2) How does drinking larger doses of alcohol have negative physiological effects on the body?
A) The heart muscle relaxes to decrease the heart rate.
B) The blood pressure increases to remove toxins.
C) Sweating is decreased to reduce dehydration.
D) The kidneys will reduce urine production.
Q3) What does the liver filter from the blood?
A) toxins
B) chyme
C) hepatocytes
D) glycogen
Q4) What are the functional units of the kidneys?
Q5) Which enzyme in saliva breaks down sugars? (two words)
Page 22
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Chapter 19: Clearing the Air: Respiratory and Cardiovascular Systems
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54 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which compound provides a slippery consistency in the lungs preventing the alveoli walls from sticking together?
A) oxygen
B) carbon dioxide
C) surfactant
D) respiratory pigments
Q2) As air is inhaled, which of these four structures is the last to be encountered?
A) larynx
B) trachea
C) bronchiole
D) bronchi
Q3) What is the purpose of the respiratory pigments that are specialized proteins in blood?
A) They contain metal ions.
B) They occur only in insects.
C) They increase the efficiency of carbon dioxide transport.
D) They turn the blood blue when oxygen is bound.
Q4) What is the most abundant gas in environmental tobacco smoke, which can lead to serious consequences for people with other health problems when exposed to elevated levels of this gas?
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Chapter 20: Vaccination: Protection and Prevention or Peril
Immune System,
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68 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which mode of transmission is used by the HIV virus in humans?
A) sneezing
B) blood transfusion
C) tears
D) insect bite
Q2) Which is a part of the body's nonspecific defense mechanism?
A) skin
B) T cells
C) B cells
D) antibodies
Q3) AZT is an effective drug for treating HIV-infected individuals because it prevents the replication of new viral particles. The HIV virus has a genome made of RNA. Of the following, which represents the most likely target for the action of AZT?
A) DNA in the host cell
B) cell wall of the virus
C) reverse transcriptase in the virus
D) DNA ligase in the host cell
Q4) What are molecules such as viruses and bacteria that are foreign to the host and stimulate the immune system to react?
Page 24
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Chapter 21: Human Sex Differences: Endocrine, Skeletal, and Muscular Systems
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57 Verified Questions
57 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What happens to a sarcomere when muscle contraction occurs?
A) It shortens.
B) It lengthens.
C) It remains the same.
D) It lengthens and then shortens.
Q2) When working out with his wife, Ed has noticed he has to drink much more Gatorade than his wife does following their workouts. What fact could explain this difference in their workout requirements?
A) Females utilize glucose more efficiently than males.
B) Females utilize more fat to produce energy than males.
C) Females effectively increase their glucose metabolism during exercise compared to males.
D) Females store more body sugars than males.
Q3) Refer to the figure to answer the following question: Which component of bone is responsible for producing blood cells?
A) cartilage
B) marrow
C) spongy bone
D) compact bone
25
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Chapter 22: Is There Something in the Water Reproductive and Developmental Biology
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Sample Questions
Q1) What hormone(s) are produced and released by the corpus luteum following ovulation?
A) FSH and LH
B) estrogen
C) progesterone
D) both estrogen and progesterone
Q2) Which of the following is mismatched?
A) mesoderm muscles
B) endoderm lungs
C) ectoderm nervous system
D) mesoderm eye
Q3) The zona pellucida
A) allows quick passage of the egg down the oviduct.
B) bathes the egg in estrogen.
C) is another term for the fertilized egg.
D) acts as a binding site for the sperm head.
Q4) What are the primary female reproductive organs that are responsible for producing egg cells?
Q5) What body system allows the survival of different species?
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Chapter 23: Study Drugs: Brain Boost or Brain Drain Brain
Structure and Function
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Sample Questions
Q1) Ritalin, like cocaine and amphetamines, acts by increasing the concentration of which neurotransmitter in neuronal synapses?
A) dopamine
B) serotonin
C) acetylcholine
D) gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
Q2) What condition may be caused by the loss of dopamine leading to motor symptoms, including tremors, rigidity, and slowed movements?
A) Alzheimer's disease
B) Huntington's disease
C) Parkinson's disease
D) depression
Q3) Why is it important that you take care of your neurons?
A) They are able to divide rapidly and can be turned into cancer cells.
B) They only undergo mitosis after the brain has obtained enough sleep.
C) They are unable to divide by mitosis.
D) They are very susceptible to mutations of their DNA.
Q4) What system is composed of the spinal cord and brain?
Page 27
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Chapter 24: Feeding the World: Plant Structure and Growth
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Sample Questions
Q1) Through what route does pollination in corn occur?
A) wind
B) insects
C) birds
D) bats
Q2) Cereal grains come from which types of plants?
A) dicots
B) monocots
C) legumes
D) tubers
Q3) Which structure is the growing tip of a plant stem?
A) apical meristem
B) axillary bud
C) rhizome
D) internode
Q4) What are the embryonic leaves emerging from the seed of a plant?
A) monocots
B) dicots
C) cotyledons
D) anthers
Page 28
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Chapter 25: Growing a Green Thumb: Plant Physiology
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which plants drop their leaves on an annual basis?
A) annuals
B) perennials
C) deciduous
D) biennials
Q2) When can ice formation destroy plant cells?
A) as water flows into cells via osmosis as the temperature drops
B) as adhesion increases inside xylem tubes
C) as jagged ice crystals puncture cell membranes
D) as cells are poisoned by dissolved "antifreeze" solutes
Q3) Plants that have undergone a gradual cooling period and are able to resist cold environmental temperatures are referred to as ________.
Q4) Which plant performs C photosynthesis?
A) pineapple
B) sugarcane
C) jade plant
D) oak tree
Q5) What are the narrow, tapering cells found in the xylem tubes of drought-adapted plant species?
Page 29
Q6) Which plants live for many years and produce flowers every year?
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