Biology I Exam Practice Tests
Course Introduction
Biology I is an introductory course that explores the fundamental principles of living organisms and life processes. Topics include cell structure and function, genetics, evolution, biodiversity, and ecology. The course emphasizes scientific inquiry, laboratory techniques, and the development of critical thinking skills, providing a solid foundation for advanced study in the biological sciences. Students will examine the relationships between organisms and their environments, and gain an understanding of how biological systems operate at molecular, cellular, and ecological levels.
Recommended Textbook
Biology The Essentials 2nd Edition by Hoefnagels
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Chapter 1: Scientific Study of Life
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Sample Questions
Q1) If you found a singled-celled organism with a nucleus,circular chromosomes,and the ability to live in extremely salty habitats,you would classify it as a member of the Eukarya.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) A major difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes is that prokaryotes
A)have cell walls and other organisms do not.
B)do not have a nucleus in their cells and other organisms do.
C)have a nucleus in their cells and other organisms do not.
D)are autotrophs and other organisms are not.
E)are not living organisms,while eukaryotes arE.
Answer: B
Q3) Which of the following are independent variables in this experiment?
A)amount of ammonium nitrate and light
B)amount of water
C)amount of carbon dioxide
D)height of the plants and amount of light
E)height of the plants
Answer: A
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Page 3
Chapter 2: The Chemistry of Life
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which statement about a bond between sodium and chlorine would lose points on an exam?
A)Na is the chemical symbol for sodium.
B)Chlorine donates an electron.
C)Chlorine becomes negatively charged.
D)Sodium becomes positively chargeD.
E)The bond that is formed is a strong bond.
Answer: B
Q2) An ion could be
A)an atom that has gained electrons.
B)an atom that has a positive charge.
C)an atom that has lost electrons.
D)an atom that has a negative charge.
E)All answers are correct.
Answer: E
Q3) Color changes are not connected to their survival.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Page 4
Chapter 3: Cells
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Sample Questions
Q1) If you were examining a plasmodesmatum under a microscope,you would expect to find a plant cell at each end.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) Cells typically keep their surface to volume ratio low.If a cell was a cube and you doubled the height,width,and length of the cell,how much would the volume increase?
A)2-fold
B)8-fold
C)It would stay the same.
D)9-fold
E)4-fold
Answer: B
Q3) Endosymbiosis is a theory based on the presence of structures like chloroplasts and ribosomes,which resemble cells from prokaryotic domains,in eukaryotic cells.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Chapter 4: The Energy of Life
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Sample Questions
Q1) The diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane is
A)facilitated diffusion.
B)active transport.
C)a rare occurrence.
D)osmosis.
E)always beneficial to a cell.
Q2) A ball at the top of a hill is an example of ______ and a ball rolling down the hill is an example of ______.
A)potential energy;kinetic energy
B)kinetic energy;potential energy
C)exergonic reaction;endergonic reaction
D)noncompetitive inhibition;competitive inhibition
E)competitive inhibition;noncompetitive inhibition
Q3) Oxidation is the loss of electrons.
A)True
B)False
Q4) When the concentration gradient driving osmosis becomes larger,osmosis occurs at a faster rate.
A)True
B)False
Page 6
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Chapter 5: Photosynthesis
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Sample Questions
Q1) The energy source for photosynthesis is
A)oxygen.
B)sunlight.
C)carbon dioxide.
D)chlorophyll.
E)glucosE.
Q2) If you were placing orders for experiments with rubsico,for the first part of your work you would need to get what besides ribulose bisphosphate?
A)glucose
B)ATP
C)carbon monoxide
D)organic compounds
E)carbon dioxide
Q3) Examples of photosynthetic accessory pigments are
A)chlorophyll b and carotenoids.
B)chlorophyll a and carotenoids.
C)chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b.
D)carotenoids and DNA.
E)chlorophyll b and DNA.
Q4) Place the steps of the light reactions in the order in which they occur.
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Chapter 6: How Cells Release Energy
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Sample Questions
Q1) In glycolysis,the net number of NADH produced is A)0.
B)3.
C)2.
D)4.
E)30.
Q2) A variety of carbohydrates,proteins,and fats in a diet
A)provides many molecules that can enter aerobic respiration at different stages.
B)prevents production of ATP.
C)provides a mixture of molecules that slows ATP production.
D)creates an environment only conducive to fermentation.
E)All answers are correct.
Q3) The reactants for cellular respiration are
A)glucose and ATP.
B)water and ATP.
C)oxygen and ATP.
D)glucose and oxygen.
E)carbon dioxide and glucosE.
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Chapter 7: Dna Structure and Gene Function
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Sample Questions
Q1) If the DNA in a cell consists of 20% adenine,it will also have _____ thymine.
A)30%
B)80%
C)40%
D)20%
E)10%
Q2) If the DNA in a cell consists of 20% adenine,then it will also contain ___ guanine.
A)20%
B)80%
C)30%
D)40%
E)10%
Q3) A gene is any DNA sequence that is transcribed to any type of RNA.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Mutations can be caused by environmental chemicals.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 8: DNA Replication, binary Fission, and Mitosis
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Sample Questions
Q1) The enzyme that unwinds DNA is A)helicase.
B)interphase.
C)DNA polymerase.
D)prophase.
E)ligasE.
Q2) Apoptosis is also called A)replication.
B)mitosis.
C)programmed cell death.
D)the cell cycle.
E)programmed cellular reproduction.
Q3) An abnormal mass of tissue is a tumor.
A)True
B)False
Q4) If a cancer metastasizes,its cells travel through the blood stream and colonize other areas of the body.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 9: Sexual Reproduction and Meiosis
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Sample Questions
Q1) When chromosomes fail to separate at either the first or second meiotic division,this
A)is known as crossing over.
B)results in a sperm or egg cell with an abnormal number of chromosomes.
C)is known as translocation.
D)results in a failure to produce gametes.
E)results in arrest during meiosis.
Q2) Sexual reproduction includes
A)mitosis,gamete formation,and fertilization.
B)mitosis,meiosis,and gamete formation.
C)meiosis,gamete formation,and fertilization.
D)mitosis,fertilization,and meiosis.
E)No answer is correct.
Q3) What is an advantage of sexual reproduction over asexual reproduction?
A)genetic variability during an ecological disaster
B)genetic variability when the environment is stable
C)faster reproduction
D)requirement of less energy
E)simpler form of reproduction
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Chapter 10: Patterns of Inheritance
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Sample Questions
Q1) The most common allele for any trait is always the dominant allele.
A)True
B)False
Q2) If an individual is heterozygous for a particular trait
A)each parent contributed a different allele for that trait.
B)each parent contributed the same allele for that trait.
C)one parent contributed two different alleles for that trait.
D)one parent contributed two copies of the same allele for that trait.
E)a mutation must have occurred.
Q3) Of all the people who have studied inheritance,the person who made the most lasting impression on the science of genetics is
A)Charles Darwin.
B)Robert Hooke.
C)King George III.
D)Frederick Griffith.
E)Gregor Mendel.
Q4) In the ABO blood type system,there are six possible genotypes,but only two possible phenotypes.
A)True
B)False
Page 12
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Chapter 11: Dna Technology
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Sample Questions
Q1) Growth of ______ does not include turning off genes.
A)stem cells
B)cardiac tissue
C)red blood cells
D)bacterial cells
E)All answers are correct.
Q2) To which types of organisms can cloning technology be applied?
A)asexually reproducing organisms
B)sexually reproducing organisms
C)animals
D)prokaryotes
E)all extant and extinct organisms with DNA available to scientists
Q3) Cloning and sexual reproduction result in two genetically identical cells/organisms.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Transfer of transgenes from crop plants to wild relatives can render chemicals like glyphospate useless.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 12: Forces of Evolutionary Change
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Sample Questions
Q1) Sexually dimorphic features do not include
A)colored plumage.
B)intelligence.
C)antlers.
D)body size.
E)All of the choices are sexually dimorphic features.
Q2) The relatively short-term changes in allele frequencies within a species or population is
A)uniformitarianism.
B)artificial selection.
C)microevolution.
D)natural selection.
E)macroevolution.
Q3) Darwin believed that because of "differential reproductive success" a population would change over time.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Evolution occurs in individuals,not populations.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 13: Evidence of Evolution
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Sample Questions
Q1) If similarities between two structures in different organisms reflect common ancestry,these structures are
A)vestigial.
B)analogous.
C)homologous.
D)homeotic.
E)heterologous.
Q2) The sequence of eras beginning with the earliest era and proceeding forward to the most recent era in the geologic time scale is
A)Archean - Mesozoic - Cenozoic.
B)Cenozoic - Archean - Mesozoic.
C)Archean - Paleozoic - ProterozoiC.
D)Mesozoic - Cenozoic - Paleozoic.
E)Paleozoic - Mesozoic - Cenozoic.
Q3) Dinosaurs lived essentially during the Paleozoic era.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Data from embyros can be used to help establish evolutionary relationships.
A)True
B)False
Page 15
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Chapter 14: Speciation and Extinction
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Sample Questions
Q1) The type of reproductive isolation in which offspring are infertile because their chromosomes cannot align correctly during meiosis because of a different number of chromosomes being inherited from the two parents is
A)gametic isolation.
B)mechanical isolation.
C)hybrid infertility.
D)hybrid inviability.
E)temporal isolation.
Q2) The rate of background extinctions per year per million species is
A)0.1 to 1.0 species.
B)0.001 to 0.01 species.
C)1.0 to 10 species.
D)10 to 100 species.
E)No answer is correct.
Q3) The scientific name of humans is Homo sapiens.What is the genus of humans?
A)Homo
B)sapiens
C)Homo sapiens
D)Animalia
E)Eukarya
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Chapter 15: Evolution and Diversity of Microbial Life
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Sample Questions
Q1) In the ecosystems of the world,fungi act primarily as A)decomposers.
B)autotrophs.
C)primary consumers.
D)secondary consumers.
E)photosynthesizers.
Q2) Slime molds may exist as either single amoeboid cells or large masses of cells that behave as one multicellular organism.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The main storage carbohydrate in fungi is A)glycogen.
B)glucose. C)starch.
D)cellulose.
E)chitin.
Q4) The "endosymbiont theory" states that eukaryotic cells work together to form a multicellular organism.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 16: Evolution and Diversity of Plants
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Sample Questions
Q1) Flowers and fruits are unique to A)angiosperms.
B)bryophytes.
C)gymnosperms.
D)conifers.
E)cycads.
Q2) The fruits of plants primarily function in
A)providing food for animals.
B)seed protection.
C)both protecting and dispersing seeds.
D)seed dispersal.
E)both feeding animals and protecting seeds.
Q3) Cycads are A)trees that produce flowers. B)bryophytes.
C)trees that produce large cones.
D)algae.
E)ferns.
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Chapter 17: Evolution and Diversity of Animals
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is a jawless fish?
A)skate
B)shark
C)tuna
D)salmon
E)lamprey
Q2) Flukes and tapeworms belong to the phylum
A)Platyhelminthes.
B)Cnidaria.
C)Porifera.
D)Nematoda.
E)Annelida.
Q3) A bony or cartilaginous structure that surrounds and protects the brain of chordates is a(an)
A)cranium.
B)notochord.
C)amnion.
D)vertebra.
E)jaw.
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Page 19
Chapter 18: Populations
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Sample Questions
Q1) The maximum number of individuals of a population that a habitat can support indefinitely is its carrying capacity.
A)True
B)False
Q2) A density-independent factor is one that affects population without regard to the number of individuals per area.
A)True
B)False
Q3) In 2010,India had a population of 1,170,000,000,a birth rate of 0.027,and a death rate of 0.013.What was the growth rate of India's population?
A)0.027
B)0.013
C)0.014
D)0.040
E)0.001
Q4) When exponential growth is plotted over time an S-shaped curve emerges.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 19: Communities and Ecosystems
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Sample Questions
Q1) If a species makes up a small portion of the community by weight,yet exerts a disproportionate influence on community diversity,what would it be called?
A)keystone species
B)cornerstone species
C)capstone species
D)flagstone species
E)No answer is correct.
Q2) In the section "Investigating Life: Two Kingdoms and a Virus Team Up to Beat the Heat",what adaptations would panic grass growing at 65<sup>\(\circ\)</sup>C need to employ to avoid dehydration?
A)Transpiration would increase.
B)Uptake of water through the phloem would increase.
C)Transport of sugars through the xylem would decrease.
D)Their stomata would be closeD.
E)Their flowers would open.
Q3) The term "abiotic" means "nonliving."
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 20: Preserving Biodiversity
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Q1) A type of air pollution that forms a visible haze in the lower atmosphere is A)fog.
B)particulation.
C)smog.
D)acid rain.
E)smokE.
Q2) One important conservation tool used to restore native populations is to set aside an area and protect it from overexploitation,invasive species,and habitat destruction.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Which of the following is not a "greenhouse gas"?
A)carbon dioxide
B)methane
C)nitrous oxide
D)oxygen
E)CFCs
Q4) A worldwide loss of biodiversity is underway because of human activities.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 21: Plant Form and Function
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Sample Questions
Q1) "K" is the chemical symbol for A)phosphorus.
B)potassium.
C)nickel.
D)krypton.
E)copper.
Q2) Scientists measured the pressure in the xylem of redwood trees at different heights and found that the higher they made their measurements,the lower the pressure.They extrapolated this to a pressure of zero,and concluded that the tallest a tree could grow is 122-130 meters.The tallest known tree on Earth is 112.7 meters.Which of the following most likely limits the height of trees?
A)the amount of transpiration in leaves
B)the amount of photosynthesis in leaves
C)the amount of energy needed to pump water to the tops of the trees
D)the strength of water cohesion
E)the ability to take up CO<sub>2</sub>
Q3) Roots are usually found underground.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 22: Reproduction and Development of Flowering Plants
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Sample Questions
Q1) From which structures do fruits arise?
A)flowers
B)leaves
C)stems
D)roots
E)apical meristems
Q2) A short day plant flowers when nights are long.
A)True
B)False
Q3) You plant a seed in a pot containing soil,and then add water and place the pot under a light.In the first week,before the seedling even emerged from the soil,carbon dioxide levels increased in the closed chamber.The developing plant was using which of the following as a source of energy during this first week?
A)light
B)starch from the seed
C)water from the soil
D)sugars from the soil
E)nutrients from the soil
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Chapter 23: Animal Tissues and Organ Systems
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Sample Questions
Q1) The systems that coordinate communication are
A)skeletal and muscular.
B)circulatory and respiratory.
C)nervous and endocrine.
D)digestive and circulatory.
E)urinary and immunE.
Q2) The type of epithelial tissue that forms a single layer of cube-shaped cells is
A)simple squamous.
B)simple cuboidal.
C)stratified cuboidal.
D)simple columnar.
E)stratified columnar.
Q3) If you observe the hypothalamus of a newly discovered animal stimulate blood vessels in the skin to relax in response to excessive body temperature,you know that it is an ectotherm.
A)True B)False
Q4) The tissue which gives the outer part of the ear is unique to animals.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 24: The Nervous System and the Senses
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Sample Questions
Q1) Acetylcholine is what?
A)an enzyme
B)a neurotransmitter
C)a voltage gated ion channel
D)a receptor
E)a source of fuel for neurons
Q2) An action potential is not generated by pain mechanoreceptors of the general senses when
A)you taste a sour lemon.
B)a paper cut occurs on your finger.
C)a bee stings you.
D)you remove frozen foods from the freezer.
E)you put on a shirt.
Q3) When you feel the sun on your skin,which is being activated?
A)mechanoreceptor
B)photoreceptor
C)pain receptor
D)thermoreceptor
E)chemoreceptor
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Chapter 25: The Endocrine System
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Q1) An endocrine gland releases its product directly
A)into the digestive system.
B)onto an outer epithelial surface.
C)into the circulatory system.
D)into a body cavity.
E)All answers are correct.
Q2) BPA would be considered which kind of molecule?
A)a neurotoxin
B)an endocrine disruptor
C)an antibiotic
D)a synthetic hormone
E)a positive feedback stimulator
Q3) Since parathyroid hormone causes calcium to be liberated from bone,blocking that hormone could be a partial aid in dealing with loss of calcium from bone.
A)True
B)False
Q4) All of our body's hormones are products of the endocrine system.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 26: The Skeletal and Muscular Systems
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Q1) The type of skeleton composed of calcium rich-spines,cartilage or bone is a(n)
A)exoskeleton.
B)hydrostatic skeleton.
C)gastrovascular cavity.
D)endoskeleton.
E)vascular canal.
Q2) What connective tissue provides a mold that bone replaces until bone growth is complete?
A)cartilage
B)red bone marrow
C)yellow bone marrow
D)compact bone
E)spongy bone
Q3) ______ are used to lift a cup to your mouth,and ______ are used to lower the cup back onto the table.
A)The biceps;the triceps
B)The muscles;the bones
C)The tendons;the ligaments
D)The ligaments;the tendons
E)The biceps;the tendons
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Chapter 27: The Circulatory and Respiratorysystems
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Q1) Place the following terms in the correct order from which an oxygen molecule in blood travels from the heart to a muscle cell in the arm where ATP will be made for the arm to lift an object.
A)heart,arteries,arterioles,capillaries,interstitial fluid
B)capillaries,venules,veins,heart
C)heart,capillaries,venules,veins
D)heart,capillaries,arterioles,arteries,interstitial fluid
E)heart,capillaries,arterioles,arteries,alveoli
Q2) A cut is made into the tissue of a living organism.In which of the following system will the blood flow out of the organism the fastest?
A)open circulatory system
B)closed circulatory system
C)open digestive system
D)open respiratory system
E)closed respiratory system
Q3) The medulla has receptors that monitor H<sup>+</sup> concentrations in the blood.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 28: The Digestive and Urinary Systems
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Sample Questions
Q1) The steroid hormone produced by the adrenal cortex that raises blood pressure is A)epinephrine.
B)aldosterone.
C)FSH.
D)insulin.
E)testosterone
Q2) Why must organisms eat?
A)They eat to obtain potential energy stored in the chemical bonds.
B)They eat to provide reactants for respiration to make ATP.
C)They eat to obtain the monomers of proteins,lipids,and carbohydrates constructed in organisms.
D)They eat to obtain carbohydrates,proteins,and lipids.
E)All answers are correct.
Q3) Acid reflux would occur under which conditions?
A)Stomach contents leak into the duodenum.
B)Contents of the esophagus leak into the duodenum.
C)Contents of the esophagus leak into the stomach.
D)Stomach contents leak into the esophagus.
E)Contents of the duodenum leak into the stomach.
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Chapter 29: The Immune System
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Q1) Many parasites are too large to be engulfed by phagocytosis.Which would be effective in killing parasites?
A)complement protein
B)T helper cells
C)B cells
D)macrophages
E)basophils
Q2) If you see cytotoxic T cells,you know that a humeral response is underway.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The role of B cells in adaptive immunity is ______,versus the role of T cells in adaptive immunity is ______.
A)to recognize any antigen;to recognize a specific antigen
B)to recognize a specific antigen;to recognize any antigen
C)to secrete antibodies in humoral immunity;to attack bad cells in cell-mediated immunity
D)to attack bad cells in cell-mediated immunity;to secrete antibodies in humoral immunity;
E)to create antigens;to destroy antibodies
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Chapter 30: Animal Reproduction and Development
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Q1) The intake of alcohol,cigarette smoke,and insufficient amounts of vitamins may all cause birth defects in a developing fetus.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The hormone released by the anterior pituitary that stimulates the development of the corpeus luteum is A)GnRH.
B)FSH.
C)LH.
D)ATP.
E)progesteronE.
Q3) Cilia sweep the released mature oocytes from ovaries into the A)cervix. B)uterine tubes.
C)labia majora.
D)uterus. E)vagina.
Q4) Sperm production in the human male is governed by estrogen and progesterone. A)True B)False
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