Biology for Non-Majors Final Exam Questions
Course Introduction
Biology for Non-Majors provides a broad overview of fundamental biological concepts designed specifically for students not specializing in the sciences. The course explores the principles of life, including cell structure and function, genetics, evolution, ecology, and the diversity of living organisms. Emphasis is placed on the relevance of biology to everyday life, the environment, and societal issues such as health and biotechnology. Through lectures, discussions, and interactive activities, students develop scientific literacy and critical thinking skills to make informed decisions related to biological topics. No prior specialized knowledge of biology is required.
Recommended Textbook
Visualizing Human Biology 4th Edition by Kathleen A. Ireland
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Chapter 1: What Is Life
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is a characteristic of living things?
A)High degree of organization.
B)Presence of blood.
C)Composed of chemicals.
D)Part of the Animal kingdom.
Answer: A
Q2) Carbohydrates are not found in any living things,whereas lipids are found in all living things.
A)True
B)False Answer: False
Q3) Which of the following is a Domain?
A)Animalia
B)Eukarya
C)Plantae
D)Fungi
Answer: D
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Chapter 2: Where Do We Come From and Where Do We Fit
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Sample Questions
Q1) Homo sapiens evolved from chimpanzees.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) Homo habilis can be distinguished from A.afarensis due to:
A)a swift gait.
B)the ability to make and use tools.
C)narrow hips.
D)extended infant development.
Answer: B
Q3) Achieving a balance within our bodies and in our environment is called:
A)biogeographic range.
B)pollution.
C)homeostasis.
D)our niche.
Answer: C
Q4) Herbivores fix the organic compounds used by the producers and carnivores.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Chapter 3: Life Has a Unique Chemistry
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following organic molecules can serve as a library of genetic information?
A)Carbohydrates
B)Proteins
C)Nucleic acids
D)Lipids
Answer: C
Q2) Which description of Ca² is most accurate?
A)A positive ion that has lost 2 electrons.
B)A positive ion that has gained 2 protons.
C)An isotope with 2 extra neutrons.
D)An atom that has gained 2 electrons.
Answer: A
Q3) What would happen if the active site of an enzyme had a different shape?
A)Nothing would change
B)The process would happen in reverse
C)The enzyme would die
D)The enzyme would not be functional
Answer: D
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Chapter 4: Organization and Communication
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Sample Questions
Q1) Paracrines,secretions produced in one area of the body,travel to and alter the physiological activity of remote cells.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Cilia are long whip-like structures that propel the cell forward.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Osmosis is a form of active transport.
A)True
B)False
Q4) In which of the following organelles is DNA found?
A)Golgi body
B)Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
C)Lysosome
D)Nucleus
Q5) The cell membrane is composed of two layers of:
A)proteins with interspersed lipids.
B)hydrophilic lipids, proteins and sugars.
C)phospholipids, with proteins and sugars interspersed.
D)glycoproteins and glycolipids.
6
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Chapter 5: Tissues
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Sample Questions
Q1) The arm is ___________ to the forearm.
A)proximal
B)distal
C)superior
D)inferior
Q2) The matrix of connective tissue can be liquid,gel-like or solid.
A)True
B)False
Q3) In which cavity is the brain found?
A)Dorsal body cavity
B)Mediastinum
C)Ventral body cavity
D)Pericardial cavity
Q4) Smooth muscle lines hollow organs like blood vessels and the digestive tract.
A)True
B)False
Q5) The urinary and reproductive organs are mostly housed within the pelvic cavity.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 6: The Skeletomuscular System
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Sample Questions
Q1) How many carpal bones are in the wrist?
A)3
B)5
C)7
D)8
Q2) The muscular system can produce movement of the body without the assistance of other systems.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Tetanus on a myogram would look like a straight horizontal line indicating the tension is constant.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The fascicles are the "stringy" tabs that you see across a cut of raw steak.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Myosin is also known as the thin filament.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 7: The Nervous System
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Sample Questions
Q1) All potassium channels are voltage regulated on the neuron membrane.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Which nervous system division is referred to as the "fight-or-flight" system?
A)Central nervous system
B)Somatic nervous system
C)Sympathetic nervous system
D)Parasympathetic nervous system
Q3) Depolarization of a membrane begins with the:
A)opening of chloride channels
B)opening of sodium channels
C)opening of potassium channels
D)closing of potassium channels
Q4) What is the absolute refractory period?
A)Sodium channels have returned to their original state.
B)Sodium and potassium channels are returning to their original state.
C)Sodium channels are open but potassium channels are closed.
D)Sodium and potassium channels are open.
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Chapter 8: The Special Senses
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Sample Questions
Q1) The sclera is the colored part of the eye.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Why do older people usually hold reading material farther away from their eyes?
A)Their cornea has changed shape.
B)Their lens is stiffer, thicker, and not as elastic.
C)Their eye has changed shape.
D)Their retina does not focus as well.
Q3) Odors or chemicals,can play a role in communication between animals,and even humans.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The cornea is part of the:
A)fibrous layer.
B)vascular layer.
C)nervous layer.
D)retina.
Q5) The choroid is part of the vascular layer.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 9: Immunity and the Lymphatic System
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Sample Questions
Q1) Gammaglobulin shots given to travellers visiting foreign countries,where new diseases may be encountered,is a type of:
A)natural active immunity.
B)artificial active immunity.
C)natural passive immunity.
D)artificial passive immunity.
Q2) The outer layer of our skin is composed of which of the following tissue types?
A)Connective tissue
B)Smooth tissue
C)Stratified squamous epithelial tissue
D)Nervous tissue
Q3) Where does the "fight-or-flight" response belong in the stages of General Adaptation Syndrome?
A)Alarm
B)Resistance
C)Adaptation
D)Exhaustionv
Q4) Nails are composed of flattened sheets of melanocytes.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 10: Infectious Disease and Epidemiology
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Sample Questions
Q1) The flea is the vector for which bacterial disease?
A)TB
B)MRSA
C)Plague
D)AIDS
Q2) Why has it been difficult to make a vaccine against HIV?
A)The vaccine is too expensive.
B)The vaccine is as dangerous to work with as HIV.
C)The protein coat of an infected cell always looks the same to the immune system.
D)The HIV virus mutates too quickly for a vaccine to be effective.
Q3) The United Nations works to vaccinate children in developing nations through:
A)epidemiology.
B)the Center for World Vaccination.
C)the Center for Disease Control and Prevention.
D)the World Health Organization.
Q4) Amoebic dysentery is caused by a prion.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 11: Cancer
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Sample Questions
Q1) The easiest way to avoid cancers caused by an environmental factor is to avoid smoking any organic compound.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Cancer can be defined as:
A)cells that never divide.
B)cells that divide uncontrollably.
C)tumors only.
D)an extremely rare cause of death.
Q3) When the normal regulation of cell growth fails the result is:
A)abnormal nuclei and damaged DNA.
B)contact inhibition.
C)shortened chromosome ends.
D)programmed cell death.
Q4) Free radicals:
A)damage DNA.
B)protect against cancer.
C)are found in citrus fruits.
D)are antioxidants.
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Chapter 12: The Cardiovascular System
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Sample Questions
Q1) How does Starling's law relate to the heart?
A)Our heart beats faster during extreme stress.
B)Blood pressure increases due to contraction of blood vessels.
C)Less oxygen in the blood will increase the heart rate.
D)The heart beats with more force when there is an increase in blood volume returning to the heart.
Q2) The mitral valve is most prone to prolapse,a condition that is more common in women.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Hemoglobin is a protein in white blood cells that destroys pathogens like bacteria.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The coronary circulation is actually part of the systemic circulation.
A)True
B)False
Q5) A clot that blocks flow to the brain can lead to stroke.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 13: The Respiratory System: Movement of Air
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Sample Questions
Q1) Chemoreceptors in the carotid artery and aorta detect:
A)levels of oxygen only.
B)levels of carbon dioxide only.
C)levels of carbon monoxide only.
D)levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide.
Q2) The nostrils are also known as:
A)the external nares.
B)the nasal cavity.
C)the upper respiratory.
D)the nose.
Q3) Exhalation is a passive process unless we must forcibly exhale.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Hemoglobin has a higher affinity for carbon monoxide than for oxygen.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Tuberculosis is on the rise again because antibiotic-resistant,tubercular bacterial strains have now appeared.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is the number one preventable cause of death in the US?
A)Vitamin and mineral deficiencies
B)Obesity
C)Cancer
D)Calorie deficiencies
Q2) Carbohydrates are not lipid soluble and are carried by a protein in the blood.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Unsaturated fats are solid at room temperature.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Hemolytic uremic syndrome is caused by:
A)Salmonella
B)E. coli 0157:H7
C)Norwalk-like virus
D)anorexia
Q5) Chemiosmosis takes place in the cytoplasm of the cell.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 15: The Digestive System
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is the purpose of the acidic conditions of the stomach?
A)It is necessary to absorb vitamin B .
B)The acid digests the protein.
C)It activates pepsin and kills microbes.
D)The acid creates small holes called gastric pits, which release the digestive enzymes of the stomach.
Q2) Most digestion and absorption occurs in the:
A)oral cavity.
B)esophagus.
C)stomach.
D)small intestine.
Q3) If we don't eat,we can break down glycogen and convert fats and proteins into glucose to maintain blood sugar levels.
A)True
B)False
Q4) What is the purpose of mixing waves in the stomach?
A)Stimulation of small intestine
B)Initiation of the ejection of digestive enzymes
C)Mixing gastric juices with bolus
D)Reverse peristalsis
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Chapter 16: The Urinary System
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Sample Questions
Q1) The renal pyramids are located in the:
A)renal cortex.
B)renal medulla.
C)renal papilla.
D)renal pelvis.
Q2) Which hormone directly affects the permeability of the collecting duct to water?
A)ANP
B)ADH
C)BNP
D)Aldosterone
Q3) Which structure directs urine into the ureter?
A)Renal hilus
B)Renal pelvis
C)Glomerulus
D)Urethra
Q4) The name of the blood vessel bringing blood to the glomerulus is:
A)the renal artery.
B)the efferent arteriole.
C)the afferent arteriole.
D)the proximal convoluted tubule.
Page 18
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Chapter 17: The Endocrine System and Development
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Sample Questions
Q1) Glucagon:
A)stimulates the release of hGH from the pituitary gland.
B)decreases the basal metabolic rate.
C)regulates the movement of chyme from the stomach to the small intestine.
D)accelerates the conversion of glycogen to glucose.
Q2) The pineal gland:
A)has an anterior portion that secretes 7 hormones.
B)secretes hormones that regulate glucose metabolism.
C)is located on top of the kidneys.
D)seems to be involved in sleep patterns.
Q3) Elevated PTH:
A)leads to muscle spasms.
B)can causes soft bones.
C)leads to low levels of blood calcium.
D)can lead to Cushing's disease.
Q4) The posterior pituitary gland is composed of neuroendocrine cells.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 18: The Reproductive Systems: Maintaining the Species
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Sample Questions
Q1) Leydig cells produce:
A)primary spermatocytes.
B)estrogen.
C)testosterone.
D)spermatogonia.
Q2) The structure of the female reproductive system that contains erectile tissue is the: A)vagina.
B)clitoris.
C)uterine tube. D)uterus.
Q3) Which is an example of a haploid gamete?
A)Fertilized egg
B)Sperm
C)Cell taken from the uterine lining
D)Zygote
Q4) The vagina is an inhospitable environment for sperm because of its acidic conditions.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 19: Pregnancy: Development From Conception to Newborn
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Sample Questions
Q1) When a sperm fertilizes an egg the resulting cell is called:
A)a morula.
B)a blastocyst.
C)an implantation.
D)a zygote.
Q2) The second trimester sees the beginning of surfactant secretion,an important chemical that prevents the alveoli of the lungs from collapsing.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Compare IVF to GIFT.
A) IVF fertilization takes place in fallopian tubes, whereas GIFT fertilization takes place in a Petri dish.
B)During IVF and GIFT, fertilization takes place in Petri dishes.
C)During IVF and GIFT, fertilization takes place in the fallopian tubes.
D) IVF fertilization takes place in a Petri dish, whereas GIFT fertilization takes place in the fallopian tubes.
Q4) Once the baby's head pushes through the vagina,the body follows quickly.
A)True
B)False
Page 21
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Chapter 20: Inheritance, Genetics, and Molecular Biology
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Sample Questions
Q1) Calico-shell cats are always male because this characteristic is on the X chromosome and males have only one X chromosome.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Tay-Sachs is a fatal disease caused by a dysfunctional,lysosomal enzyme in the brain.
A)True B)False
Q3) The specific alleles carried on the chromosomes constitute the individuals phenotype.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Which trait exhibits typical dominant/recessive inheritance in humans?
A)Freckles
B)Red color-blindness
C)Baldness
D)Both freckles and red color-blindness
Q5) A woman with type AB blood cannot have children with type O blood.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 21: Populations Evolve in Ecosystems
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which is not included in the measure of biodiversity?
A)Genetic diversity
B)Species diversity
C)Abiotic diversity
D)Community diversity
Q2) Evolution is defined as any change in the frequency of alleles in a population.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Owing to the major loss of energy at each successive trophic level,food chains generally have no more than ___ trophic levels.
A)3
B)5
C)7
D)9
Q4) The concentrations of which two chemicals is particularly high in raw sewage?
A)Argon and nitrogen
B)Helium and carbon
C)Carbon and argon
D)Nitrogen and phosphorus
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