Biological Sciences
Test Bank
Course Introduction
Biological Sciences is an interdisciplinary field that explores the structure, function, growth, evolution, and distribution of living organisms. This course provides a comprehensive understanding of fundamental concepts such as cell biology, genetics, ecology, evolution, and physiology. Students will learn about the diversity of life forms, the mechanisms driving biological processes, and the impact of biological research on health, environment, and biotechnology. Emphasis is placed on developing scientific reasoning, laboratory techniques, and analytical skills necessary for pursuing advanced study or professional careers in biology and related disciplines.
Recommended Textbook
Human Physiology From Cells to Systems 4th Canadian Edition by Lauralee Sherwood
Available Study Resources on Quizplus
17 Chapters
4668 Verified Questions
4668 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/study-set/2325
Page 2
Chapter 1: The Foundation of Physiology
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
104 Verified Questions
104 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/46213
Sample Questions
Q1) The concentration of salt in the extracellular fluid influences how water enters and leaves cells.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) Most homeostatic mechanisms operate on the principle of positive feedback.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q3) Which of these statements describes extracellular fluid
A)It is the external environment of the body.
B)It is the fluid inside each cell.
C)It consists of plasma only.
D)It consists of plasma and interstitial fluid.
Answer: D
Q4) ____________________ glands secrete through ducts in the skin.
Answer: Exocrine
Q5) ____________________ cells are specialized to send electrical signals.
Answer: Nerve
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 3
Chapter 2: Cell Physiology
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
492 Verified Questions
492 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/46214
Sample Questions
Q1) During the resting potential, many potassium channels are open in the plasma membrane.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) If two similar molecules can both combine with the same carrier, the presence of one of these molecules decreases the rate of entry of the other.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) An unmyelinated fibre with a large diameter can conduct action potentials more rapidly than an unmyelinated fibre with a smaller diameter.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q4) concentration gradient for K at resting potential
A)The ion tends to be moved into the cell by this force.
B)The ion tends to be moved out of the cell by this force.
Answer: B
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 4
Chapter 3: The Central Nervous System
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
314 Verified Questions
314 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/46215
Sample Questions
Q1) plays a role in emotion and behavioural patterns
A)cerebellum
B)hypothalamus
C)brain stem
D)basal nuclei
E)cerebral cortex
Answer: B
Q2) The white matter in the CNS consists of parts of neurons not covered with myelin.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q3) Sound sensation is received initially by the parietal lobes.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q4) Brain capillaries are joined by ____________________ junctions.
Answer: tight
Q5) The CNS comprises the brain and the ____________________. Answer: spinal cord
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 5
Chapter 4: The Peripheral Nervous System: Sensory,
Autonomic, Somatic
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
434 Verified Questions
434 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/46216
Sample Questions
Q1) Parasympathetic activation of sweat glands occurs to help reduce body temperatures.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Which statement does NOT apply to slow pain
A)It is carried by large, myelinated, A-delta fibres.
B)It is poorly localized.
C)It occurs by stimulation of polymodal nociceptors.
D)It occurs for a longer time than fast pain.
Q3) Night blindness is due to a deficiency of vitamin C.
A)True
B)False
Q4) innervate blood vessels and sweat glands
A)parasympathetic division
B)sympathetic division
C)both parasympathetic and sympathetic divisions
D)neither parasympathetic nor sympathetic divisions
Q5) The ____________________ is the layer of the eye that contains the photoreceptor cells.
Page 6
Q6) Alpha and beta are two kinds of ____________________ receptors.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 7
Chapter 5: Principles of Endocrinology: The Central
Endocrine Glands
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
260 Verified Questions
260 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/46217
Sample Questions
Q1) There are no known growth-related signals that influence growth hormone secretion.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Which of these statements describes diurnal rhythms
A)They are inherent cyclical peaks and ebbs of hormone secretion that are a function of time and are entrained to the 24-hour light-dark cycle.
B)They are important in maintaining hormone levels at a relatively constant set point, no matter the time of day.
C)They occur only with cortisol secretion.
D)They occur only with growth hormone secretion.
Q3) Which class of hormones is released by exocytosis upon appropriate stimulation
A)peptides
B)thyroxin
C)steroids
D)insulins
Q4) Acromegaly develops from a deficiency of the growth hormone.
A)True
B)False
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 8
Chapter 6: The Endocrine Glands
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
237 Verified Questions
237 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/46218
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of these states is NOT a result of untreated diabetes
A)ketoacidosis
B)dehydration
C)inactivation of gluconeogenesis
D)glycosuria
Q2) Both calcitonin and PTH are produced in the follicle cells of the thyroid gland.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Which of these statements describes thyroxin
A)It is formed by coupling one MIT and one DIT within the colloid.
B)It is produced by the C cells of the thyroid gland.
C)It exerts a calorigenic effect.
D)It inhibits thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulin in a negative-feedback fashion.
Q4) Gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis in the liver play a major role in maintaining a constant blood glucose level between meals.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Sympathetic stimulation inhibits the secretion of insulin.
A)True
B)False
Page 9
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 7: Muscle Physiology
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
303 Verified Questions
303 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/46219
Sample Questions
Q1) ____________________ provides the most ATP molecules for use by muscle fibres contracting over a long period of time.
Q2) Binding of which substance to myosin permits cross bridge of which action between actin and myosin
A)ATP; binding actin and myosin
B)ATP; detaching actin and myosin
C)calcium; binding actin and myosin
D)calcium; detaching actin and myosin
Q3) Which of the following properties characterizes fast oxidative (type IIa) muscle fibres
A)high myosin-ATPase activity
B)low myosin-ATPase activity
C)low oxidative capacity
D)high oxidative capacity
Q4) Describe calcium's role in the contraction of the sarcomere in skeletal and cardiac muscle tissues.
Q5) The H zone of the sarcomere consists of myosin but does not contain actin.
A)True
B)False
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 10
Chapter 8: Cardiac Physiology
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
267 Verified Questions
267 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/46220
Sample Questions
Q1) The heart is posterior to the sternum.
A)True
B)False
Q2) when ventricular ejection is occurring
A)aortic pressure > ventricular pressure > atrial pressure
B)ventricular pressure > aortic pressure > atrial pressure
C)aortic pressure > atrial pressure > ventricular pressure
D)ventricular pressure > atrial pressure > aortic pressure
E)atrial pressure > ventricular pressure > aortic pressure
Q3) The tricuspid prevents regurgitation of blood from the right ventricle back into the right atrium.
A)True
B)False
Q4) A mitral valve damaged by rheumatic fever fails to open completely.What is this called
A)mitral stenosis
B)complete heart block
C)myocardial ischemia
D)mitral incompetence
Q5) Describe the cardiac cycle.
11
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 9: Vascular Physiology
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
262 Verified Questions
262 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/46221
Sample Questions
Q1) vessels that pick up fluid that is filtered but not reabsorbed
A)arteries
B)arterioles
C)capillaries
D)veins
E)lymphatics
Q2) Which of these conditions might NOT be associated with oedema
A)extensive burns
B)congestive heart failure
C)decreased venous pressure
D)lymphatic obstruction
Q3) Movement of fluid from the interstitial fluid into the plasma is known as
Q4) More blood is delivered to the tissues during ventricular systole than during ventricular diastole.
A)True
B)False
Q5) A major function of the arteries is to serve as a blood reservoir.
A)True
B)False
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 12
Chapter 10: The Blood
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
199 Verified Questions
199 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/46222
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of these leukocytes contains histamine in its granules
A)neutrophils
B)eosinophils
C)basophils
D)lymphocytes
Q2) Antibodies are produced by both B and T lymphocytes.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The granular leukocytes are more numerous than the agranular leukocytes per cubic millimetre.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Polycythaemia increases the viscosity of the blood, thus increasing the total peripheral resistance.
A)True
B)False
Q5) The precursor for plasmin is ____________________.
Q6) Heme in haemoglobin contains four ____________________-containing groups.
13
Q7) Erythrocytes contain the enzyme ____________________, which catalyzes the conversion of metabolically produced CO into HCO -.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 11: Body Defences
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
253 Verified Questions
253 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/46223
Sample Questions
Q1) B lymphocytes are involved with immediate hypersensitivity reactions, whereas T lymphocytes are involved with delayed hypersensitivity reactions.
A)True B)False
Q2) The formation of memory cells against a particular disease-causing microorganism can occur only as a result of the person actually having the disease.
A)True B)False
Q3) The large intestine's normal microbial population helps defend against infection within the lower intestine.
A)True B)False
Q4) Most of the progeny of an activated B-cell clone differentiate into ____________________, which produce antibodies, and ____________________, which remain dormant and expand the specific clone.
Q5) ____________________ cells do not participate in an immune reaction but remain dormant to expand a specific clone.
Q6) ____________________ T cells probably protect the body against tolerance.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 14
Chapter 12: The Respiratory System
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
253 Verified Questions
253 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/46224
Sample Questions
Q1) The ____________________ is a double-walled, closed sac that separates each lung from the thoracic wall and other surrounding structures.
Q2) Expiration is always a passive process.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Newborn respiratory distress syndrome is caused by an excess of pulmonary surfactant.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Which of these factors would reduce the amount of oxygen transferred across the respiratory membrane
A)a higher partial pressure of oxygen in the atmosphere
B)an abnormally high partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere
C)a reduced partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere
D)a low pulmonary capillary, partial pressure of oxygen
Q5) Carbonic anhydrase catalyzes the formation of the oxyhaemoglobin.
A)True
B)False
Q6) ____________________ is the transient cessation of breathing.
Page 15
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 13: The Urinary System
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
276 Verified Questions
276 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/46225
Sample Questions
Q1) When the bladder wall is distended as a result of urine accumulation, the stretch receptors are stimulated and send afferent impulses to the spinal cord.Which of these statements does NOT describe the afferent impulses
A)They stimulate parasympathetic nerves, which return to the bladder and cause it to contract.
B)They inhibit the motor neurons that normally keep the external urethral sphincter closed.
C)They stimulate parasympathetic nerves, and cause the internal urethral sphincter to open mechanically.
D)They stimulate nerves that go to the kidney and prevent glomerular filtration until the bladder is empty.
Q2) Which of these statements does NOT describe juxtamedullary nephrons
A)Their tubules lie in the renal cortex.
B)They are important in the ability of the kidneys to concentrate urine.
C)Their loops of Henle dip deep into the medulla.
D)Their peritubular capillaries form vasa recta.
Q3) The smooth muscle of the bladder is innervated by parasympathetic fibres.
A)True
B)False
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 16
Chapter 14: Fluid and Acidbase Balance
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
259 Verified Questions
259 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/46226
Sample Questions
Q1) Renal regulation of salt is the primary means of achieving salt balance.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Which of these statements does NOT describe the compensatory measures for a fall in arterial blood pressure
A)increased cardiac output and increased total peripheral resistance as a result of the baroreceptor reflex
B)a shift of fluid out of the vasculature and into the interstitial compartment
C)a reduction in the urinary excretion of salt and accompanying fluid
D)reabsorption of sodium by the distal tubules
Q3) The body normally loses 10 grams of salt daily.
A)True
B)False
Q4) A strong acid has a greater tendency to dissociate than does a weak acid.
A)True
B)False
Q5) The total load of ____________________ determines the total amount of water that will be retained in the ECF by osmosis.
Q6) The pH of venous blood is usually about ____________________.
Page 17
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 15: The Digestive System
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
303 Verified Questions
303 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/46227
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of these statements does NOT describe control of digestive processes
A)Short reflexes influence motility and secretion in localized areas.
B)All elements of the short reflexes are contained within the digestive organ's wall.
C)Hormones play a role.
D)Osmoreceptors monitor the acidity of the luminal contents.
Q2) Protein digestion begins in the stomach under the influence of pepsinogen, continues in the duodenal lumen under the influence of pancreatic proteolytic enzymes, and is completed intracellularly in the small intestinal brush border.
A)True
B)False
Q3) About 9500 mL of fluid is absorbed from the digestive tract daily.What is the ultimate source of most of this fluid
A)food and fluid ingested during meals
B)secretory cells of the digestive tract
C)plasma
D)accessory digestive organs
Q4) The ____________________ is the layer that lines the inside surface of the digestive tract.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 18
Chapter 16: Energy Balance and Temperature Regulation
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
157 Verified Questions
157 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/46228
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of these statements does NOT describe sweating
A)an active evaporative heat-loss process under sympathetic nervous control
B)the only means of losing heat when the environment's temperature is warmer than body temperature
C)the only means by which evaporative heat loss can take place in the body
D)a conversion from a liquid to a vapour
Q2) Which of these statements applies to the development of fever
A)It results from resetting of the medullary thermoregulatory centre.
B)It may develop when mast cells release pyrogens.
C)It is mediated by prostaglandins.
D)Heat-loss mechanisms are triggered to eliminate the excess heat from the body.
Q3) Hyperthermia refers to all imbalances between heat gain and heat loss that increase body temperature.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Shivering is the main voluntary means of increasing the production of heat in the body.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Freezing of exposed tissues produces the condition of ____________________.
Page 19
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 17: The Reproductive System
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
295 Verified Questions
295 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/46229
Sample Questions
Q1) The third and final stage of labour involves the actual birth of the baby.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The glycogen stored in the endometrial glands is broken down by the trophoblast to provide nourishment during the early stages of the developing embryo.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Which of these hormones is NOT secreted by the corpus luteum
A)FSH
B)estrogen only
C)progesterone only
D)both estrogen and progesterone
Q4) The single gene within the Y chromosome that is responsible for sex determination is the ____________________.
Q5) The vagina is the site of fertilization.
A)True
B)False
Q6) An undescended testis is known as a(n) ____________________.
Q7) A tubal pregnancy occurs with prenatal development in the ____________________.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 20