Course Introduction
Biological Psychology
Solved Exam Questions
Biological Psychology explores the intricate relationship between biological processes and behavior, focusing on how the brain, nervous system, genetics, hormones, and neurotransmitters influence thoughts, emotions, and actions. The course covers core topics such as neural communication, brain structure and function, sensory and motor systems, the biological basis of learning and memory, and the physiological underpinnings of psychological disorders. It emphasizes the methods used to study the brain and behavior, integrating research from neuroscience, physiology, and psychology to provide a comprehensive understanding of the biological foundations of human behavior.
Recommended Textbook
Psychological Science 5th Edition by Michael
Gazzaniga
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15 Chapters
2560 Verified Questions
2560 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: The Science of Psychology
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is an example of the "taking mental shortcuts" bias in thinking described in your text?
A) Jack thinks he got an A on his essay because he is a great writer,but got a D on his communications project because the instructions were too confusing.
B) Rose overestimates how often cruise ships sink because she can vividly remember the sinking of the Titanic.
C) Wade believes that he will be funnier on stage if he eats fried chicken before he goes on stage to perform.
D) Michael thinks that he must wear his lucky gym shorts in order to win the game.
Answer: B
Q2) Critical thinking is best defined as thinking that:
A) is systematic and reasonable.
B) is open-minded and creative.
C) criticizes others' opinions.
D) uses inferences but does not solve problems.
Answer: A
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3
Chapter 2: Research Methodology
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Sample Questions
Q1) One of the four main goals of science is description.The main goal of scientists addressing this goal is to describe:
A) what laws are needed to reduce dangerous behaviors.
B) what measures to use to assess a phenomenon.
C) which types of research studies would best address the phenomenon.
D) what a phenomenon is.
Answer: D
Q2) In which of the following ways are conducting research with humans versus animals similar?
A) Consent is necessary for both.
B) Animals are used as research models for humans,and humans are used as research models for animals.
C) Both require approval by an Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC).
D) Ethics are an important consideration for both.
Answer: D
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Chapter 3: Biology and Behavior
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the cerebral cortex?
A) It has a wrinkled appearance.
B) It is the largest part of the human brain.
C) The corpus callosum provides connections between the two hemispheres.
D) Damage to this area typically results in death.
Answer: D
Q2) At conception,one's ________ is fixed,whereas one's ________ is always changing throughout one's lifetime.
A) genotype; phenotype
B) phenotype; genotype
C) genotype; dominant gene
D) dominant gene; genotype
Answer: A
Q3) A gene is:
A) a segment of DNA that is involved in producing proteins that carry out specific tasks.
B) the same as a chromosome.
C) a segment of RNA that carries out specific cellular building tasks.
D) programmed to produce protein irrespective of the environment.
Answer: A
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Page 5
Chapter 4: Consciousness
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Sample Questions
Q1) The difference between concentrative meditation and mindfulness meditation is:
A) mindfulness meditation requires you to focus on mental images,whereas concentrative meditation requires you to concentrate on external objects.
B) mindfulness meditation involves listening to free-flowing thoughts without responding; concentrative meditation focuses attention on mental images or one particular thing.
C) concentrative meditation focuses the mind toward one thing; mindfulness meditation eliminates all thoughts during meditation.
D) concentrative meditation focuses the mind toward one thing; mindfulness meditation focuses on answering ongoing thoughts.
Q2) Lucy tried a new drug.She noticed that she felt alert,sociable,and wide awake.Which of the following neurotransmitter systems did the drug most likely affect?
A) serotonin
B) cannabinoid
C) GABA
D) dopamine
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6
Chapter 5: Sensation and Perception
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Sample Questions
Q1) Ganglion cells that are excited by L cones are:
A) inhibited by only green colors.
B) inhibited by only blue colors.
C) inhibited by both green and blue colors.
D) inhibited by other L cones.
Q2) In the Ponzo illusion,cues to size and to distance conflict.The fact that an illusion of size is created suggests that:
A) monocular depth cues cannot operate correctly with conflicting cues to size.
B) the cues to distance are more accurate here than the cues to size.
C) perceived size is computed from perceived distance.
D) perceived distance is computed from perceived size.
Q3) The ________ does most of the focusing of the light onto the retina,and the ________ allows for more accuracy of focusing.
A) cornea; pupil
B) pupil; lens
C) lens; cornea
D) cornea; lens
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Chapter 6: Learning
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Sample Questions
Q1) The Rescorla-Wagner cognitive model of conditioning does NOT explain why:
A) a conditioned stimulus that occurs before the unconditioned stimulus is optimal for learning.
B) a delay between the conditioned stimulus and the unconditioned stimulus is optimal for learning.
C) evolutionarily significant conditioned stimuli are easier to condition.
D) the conditioned stimulus needs to be a good predictor of the unconditioned stimulus.
Q2) What anxiety disorder is seen as an acquired fear that is out of proportion to the real threat?
A) generalized anxiety disorder
B) a phobia
C) obsessive-compulsive disorder
D) panic disorder
Q3) In Pavlov's experiments,what was the conditioned response?
A) salivation to the food
B) salivation to the metronome
C) the food
D) the sound of the metronome
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8
Chapter 7: Memory
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Sample Questions
Q1) Asking an eyewitnesses how tall or how short the suspect was could result in:
A) repressed memories.
B) confabulation.
C) suggestibility.
D) cross-ethnic identification.
Q2) A likely way in which suggestibility might cause new information to change an old memory is through:
A) retroactive interference.
B) reconsolidation.
C) elaborative rehearsal.
D) proactive interference.
Q3) One of the best ways to remember factual information is to relate it to something personal that happened to you.In this way,you are taking advantage of your _____ memory to aid retrieval from your _____ memory.
A) implicit; explicit
B) semantic; episodic
C) episodic; semantic
D) explicit; implicit
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9
Chapter 8: Thinking, Language, and Intelligence
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Sample Questions
Q1) Even though Vince sits with Hannah in class,he asks Ruiz to be his study partner because Ruiz works harder than Hannah.In thinking about this decision,Vince used which one of the following mental concepts?
A) friend
B) notes
C) book
D) exam
Q2) Jameisia has always loved numbers.When she starts first grade,she grasps basic math immediately.Her teacher is so impressed that she gives Jameisia increasingly complicated work in math.Jameisia goes on to become a superb math student all the way through school.What is the most reasonable conclusion about the source of Jameisia's success in math?
A) Her genetically determined ability made the environment irrelevant.
B) The environment acted as a social multiplier for her innate ability.
C) The environment allowed her innate abilities to become apparent.
D) Her genetically determined ability found a compatible environment.
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Chapter 9: Human Development
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Sample Questions
Q1) Marisa's parents immigrated to the United States from India before she was born.Marisa constantly fights with her mother because she wants more freedom like the rest of her friends.However,Marisa is also not comfortable wearing as revealing clothes as many of her American friends.According to Erikson,Marisa is struggling with the ________ psychosocial crisis.
A) initiative versus Guilt
B) identity versus role confusion
C) intimacy versus isolation
D) generativity versus stagnation
Q2) All of the following are true about the young girl named Genie described in your text,EXCEPT:
A) Genie had been severely neglected and abused.
B) Genie had no language,self-help skills,or real-world knowledge when she was found.
C) Genie was able to overcome all the obstacles of her early life and is essentially normal today.
D) Genie engaged in animal-like behavior.
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Chapter 10: Emotion and Motivation
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Sample Questions
Q1) When people view a face that is displaying an emotion,which part is most important in determining how the viewers perceive the emotion?
A) forehead
B) eyes
C) nose
D) mouth
Q2) In the mythical country of Xacandra,people experience an emotion that they call blegthium.Though everyone agrees that people experience blegthium,it has proven very difficult to define or to associate blegthium with physiological correlates.Cross-cultural Xacandran psychologists have not been able to consistently find an emotion comparable to blegthium in other cultures.In terms of the circumplex model of emotions,blegthium is a ________ emotion.
A) universal
B) primary
C) secondary
D) cross-culturally congruent
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Chapter 11: Health and Well-Being
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to ________,people who receive direct emotional support are better able to cope with stress.
A) the social support theory
B) the buffering hypothesis
C) the broaden-and-build theory
D) the emotional trust hypothesis
Q2) Imagine that you work for a life insurance company.You are setting premiums for insurance based on life expectancy.Assuming you charge a higher premium for those with shorter lives,you know that ________ would generally pay more for life insurance than ________.
A) males; females
B) females; males
C) children; adults
D) white individuals; black individuals
Q3) Which of the following states is NOT characterized as one of the three components of happiness?
A) being acknowledged by others as a successful person
B) having meaning in life
C) having positive emotions and pleasure
D) being engaged in life
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Chapter 12: Social Psychology
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Sample Questions
Q1) People generally look for admirable personality characteristics in their ________ and physical attractiveness in their ________.
A) friends; friends
B) friends; lovers
C) friends and lovers; lovers
D) friends and lovers; friends and lovers
Q2) Subtle forms of prejudice that coexist with the rejection of racist beliefs are known as:
A) modern racism.
B) stereotypes.
C) an actor/observer bias.
D) the fundamental attribution error.
Q3) Daiyu is an international student from China who is dating an American student,Zach.Which of them is likely to have a more holistic take on the other person's behavior,and why?
A) Zach; he will take personal and situational factors into account
B) Daiyu; she will take both personal and situational factors into account
C) Zach,as he will focus primarily on the situational factors
D) Daiyu,as she will focus primarily on the personal factors
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Page 14
Chapter 13: Personality
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Sample Questions
Q1) When asked to describe her friends' personalities,Janelle could do so fairly quickly and accurately.When asked to describe her own personality,it took her a while to organize her thoughts and respond.According to the text,Janelle's difficulty in responding to questions about her own personality is most likely due to which of the following?
A) People tend to lie about their character to fit others' preconceptions.
B) People have limited knowledge of their own behavior because they're busy paying attention to others' behaviors.
C) People like to appear thoughtful when asked direct questions about themselves.
D) People try to mask excessive self-focus by appearing disinterested in their own behaviors.
Q2) The BAS ________ behavior,whereas the BIS ________ behavior. A) activates; inhibits B) suppresses; facilitates C) controls; modulates the intensity of D) selects the appropriate; activates the selected
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15
Chapter 14: Psychological Disorders
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Sample Questions
Q1) In regard to the positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia:
A) positive symptoms usually respond to antipsychotic drug treatments,whereas negative symptoms usually do not.
B) positive symptoms are thought to be caused by structural deficits in the brain,whereas negative symptoms are thought to be caused by neurotransmitter dysfunction.
C) both positive and negative symptoms probably originate from the same organic causes.
D) both positive and negative symptoms are more common in women than in men with the disorder.
Q2) A person who cannot tolerate the idea of being alone,who has highly negative emotional reactions to relationship disruption,and who often acts impulsively fits the description of someone with ________ disorder.
A) borderline personality
B) narcissistic personality
C) bipolar
D) schizoaffective
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Chapter 15: Treatment of Psychological Disorders
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Sample Questions
Q1) In comparing the effects of psychotherapy and drug treatments on brain functioning in depression,it has been found that:
A) the former has no detectable effects,whereas the latter does.
B) the latter has no detectable effects,whereas the former does.
C) they both have detectable effects,in similar areas of the brain.
D) they both have detectable effects,but in different areas of the brain.
Q2) In some cultures,it is more acceptable to say a person is "not feeling well" than to say the person "is feeling depressed." According to the discussion in your textbook,you would be correct if you assumed that cultures that have ________ probably have
A) more words for psychological disorders; a low degree of cultural acceptance of those disorders
B) more words for psychological disorders; more people with serious psychological disorders
C) fewer words for psychological disorders; better resources to deal with stress and tension within the community
D) fewer words for psychological disorders; some cultural stigma attached to those disorders
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