Course Introduction
Biological Psychology
Final Exam Questions
Biological Psychology explores the intricate relationship between biological processes and behavior, focusing on how the brain, nervous system, hormones, and genetics influence thoughts, emotions, and actions. This course covers topics such as neural communication, brain structures, sensory and motor systems, neuroplasticity, and the biological underpinnings of psychological phenomena such as learning, memory, emotion, and mental health disorders. Students will gain a foundational understanding of how biological mechanisms interact with environmental factors to shape behavior and cognition, bridging the gap between the fields of biology and psychology.
Recommended Textbook
Biological Psychology 13th Edition by
James W. Kalat
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14 Chapters
1750 Verified Questions
1750 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Nerve Cells and Nerve Impulses
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125 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Radial glia ____.
A) guide the migration of neurons during embryonic development
B) synchronize the activity of axons
C) wrap around the presynaptic terminals of several axons
D) build the myelin sheaths that surround and insulate certain axons
Answer: A
Q2) An axon has many branches, each of which swells at its tip. These are known as
A) presynaptic terminals
B) efferent axons
C) afferent axons
D) intrinsic neurons
Answer: A
Q3) What do neurons have that other cells do not?
A) A plasma membrane
B) Large, branching extensions
C) Protein channels
D) An endoplasmic reticulum
Answer: B
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Page 3
Chapter 2: Synapses
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Sample Questions
Q1) Generally speaking, a neuron will release a greater number of neurotransmitters than what it will respond to with its own receptors.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) Tennille wants to know what eating proteins, which are rich in tyrosine, might do to neurotransmitter levels. What would you tell her?
Answer: Proteins are rich in tyrosine, which is the precursor to several neurotransmitters called the catecholamines. Dopamine is made from tyrosine and norepinephrine and epinephrine are made from dopamine. So, eating lots of proteins is likely to increase levels of the catecholamines.
Q3) Professor Wick is teaching about neurotransmitter release and told his class that each neuron releases one kind of hormone.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Chapter 3: Anatomy and Research Methods
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Sample Questions
Q1) The cell bodies of sensory neurons that are in clusters of neurons outside the spinal cord are called ____.
A) sensory nuclei
B) sensory clusters
C) ventral root ganglia
D) dorsal root ganglia
Answer: D
Q2) Elane is studying for an anatomy quiz. She wrote in her notes that the central nervous system was made up of _____.
A) the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems
B) the brain
C) the brain and spinal cord
D) the sensory neurons
Answer: C
Q3) A function of the cerebrospinal fluid is to ____.
A) cushion the brain
B) hold blood in reserve for emergencies
C) maintain the blood-brain barrier
D) synthesize neurotransmitters
Answer: A
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Chapter 4: Genetics, Evolution, Development, and Plasticity
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Sample Questions
Q1) Proliferation is the ____.
A) production of new cells
B) movement of primitive neurons and glia
C) formation of dendrites and an axon
D) insulation process that occurs on some axons
Q2) The field of epigenetics deals with how ____.
A) reproductive fitness can be altered
B) spontaneous mutations occur
C) genes determine behavior
D) experiences can turn genes on or off
Q3) Heightened sensitivity to a neurotransmitter after the destruction of an incoming axon is known as ____.
A) axon supersensitivity
B) disuse supersensitivity
C) enervation supersensitivity
D) denervation supersensitivity
Q4) A mother is homozygous for tasting PTC. The father is a homozygous non-taster. What is the chance that they will have a child that is a non-taster? Explain how you arrived at your answer.
Q5) Discuss three evidences that can explain altruistic behavior.
Page 6
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Chapter 5: Vision
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Sample Questions
Q1) In foveal vision, ____.
A) each ganglion cell excited by many receptors
B) ganglion cells respond poorly to color vision
C) ganglion cells respond well to dim light
D) each ganglion cell is excited by a single cone
Q2) Lynn was developing film in a room with red light. When she came out of the room, everything looked a little green for a while. Which theory explains why this is happening to her?
A) Young-Helmholtz theory
B) Trichromatic theory
C) Opponent-process theory
D) Color-constancy theory
Q3) Which structure has the largest receptive fields and the greatest preferential sensitivity to highly complex visual patterns, such as faces?
A) Inferior temporal cortex
B) Superior colliculus
C) Lateral geniculate
D) Striate cortex
Q4) Describe the functional and anatomic differences between rods and cones.
Q5) What is prosopagnosia?
Page 7
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Chapter 6: Other Sensory Systems
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Sample Questions
Q1) Repeated exposure to male pheromones may be associated with ____ in young women who are not sexually active.
A) more regular menstrual cycles
B) sweating
C) increased olfactory capabilities
D) increased appetite
Q2) Morphine and other opiate drugs decrease sensitivity to pain by ____.
A) depleting substance P from parts of the nervous system
B) mimicking the effects of endorphins at the synapses
C) preventing sodium from crossing the membrane
D) altering blood flow to various parts of the nervous system
Q3) Vibrations in the fluid of the cochlea cause ____.
A) movement of the pinna
B) hair cells to displace
C) vibrations of the eardrum
D) vestibular input
Q4) The amplitude of a sound wave is its intensity.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Briefly describe the behavioral effects of pheromones in humans.
Page 8
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Chapter 7: Movement
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Sample Questions
Q1) Isaiah has been diagnosed with Huntington's disease. What symptom(s) is he likely to experience?
A) Rapid fatigue of the muscles
B) Loss of both sensation and motor control in certain limbs
C) Twitches, tremors, and writhing that interfere with voluntary movement
D) Impairment of saccadic eye movements and rapid alternating movements
Q2) Brian's body initiated the stretch reflex. Which is true?
A) Brian will now stretch his muscle as a result of the reflex.
B) The reflex was initiated because Brian stretched a muscle.
C) His muscles will now be inhibited.
D) He will now be able to stretch further.
Q3) What are the three types of muscles seen in the human body and where might they be found?
Q4) In order to properly digest her food, Viola needs her ____ muscles to move the food through her digestive system.
A) smooth
B) striated
C) cardiac
D) antagonistic
Q5) Describe the significance of mirror neurons.
Page 9
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Chapter 8: Wakefulness and Sleep
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Sample Questions
Q1) Research on circadian rhythms has shown that one of the best ways to increase the alertness and efficiency of workers on night shifts is to ____.
A) expose them to bright lights while they work
B) keep the environmental temperature constant from night to day
C) have them eat a big meal before going to sleep
D) allow them to catnap
Q2) A decrease in the amount of sleep most likely to affect the performance of migratory bird during ____.
A) migration season
B) NREM sleep
C) the daytime
D) seasons other than migration
Q3) Among adult humans, those who sleep ____ or more hours per night have the highest percentage of REM sleep.
A) 9
B) 5
C) 8
D) 10
Q4) Describe how light resets the SCN.
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Chapter 9: Internal Regulation
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which event would lead to eating a larger than normal meal?
A) Increasing leptin levels
B) Decreasing NPY levels
C) Increasing NPY levels
D) Damaging the lateral hypothalamus
Q2) Paige wants to lose weight. The most effective long-term plan is for her to limit her intake of sweet foods.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The ____ increases the pituitary gland's secretion of hormones that increase insulin secretion.
A) occipital cortex
B) lateral hypothalamus
C) medial part of the hypothalamus
D) pineal gland
Q4) Describe how bulimia nervosa resembles drug addiction.
Q5) CCK limits meal size.
A)True
B)False
Q6) Describe the major brain mechanisms of eating and hunger.
Page 11
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Chapter 10: Reproductive Behaviors
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Sample Questions
Q1) Who is more likely to be experiencing organizing effects of sex hormones?
A) Rubi who is menstruating.
B) Elaina who is pregnant and having contractions.
C) Stephanee who is a teenager and is starting to notice her breasts growing.
D) Bryce who is sexually aroused.
Q2) Androgen insensitivity syndrome leads to a genetic male with a female external appearance of the genitals.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Sexual differentiation begins with ____.
A) Wolffian ducts
B) chromosomes
C) Müllerian ducts
D) hormones
Q4) Claire has an XY chromosome pattern, but has grown up and developed the genital appearance of a female. Claire most likely has _____.
A) androgen insensitivity
B) cortisol insensitivity
C) hermaphrodite syndrome
D) adrenal hyperplasia
Page 12
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Chapter 11: Emotional Behaviors
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Sample Questions
Q1) After damage to the amygdala, what happens to a rat's startle reflex?
A) The rat shows no startle reflex.
B) The rat's startle reflex does not vary from one situation to another.
C) The rat shows an exaggerated startle reflex.
D) The rat shows a startle reflex only when in the presence of danger signals.
Q2) Recognition of an angry expression is faster when the face is directed ____, and a fearful expression is faster if it is directed ____.
A) toward you; to the side
B) to the side; toward you
C) toward you; toward you
D) to the side; to the side
Q3) Briefly describe how benzodiazepines work in the brain.
Q4) A leukocyte attacks when it finds a cell with foreign ____.
A) antigens
B) contours
C) chromosomes
D) neurotransmitters
Q5) Amygdala damage will result in the complete loss of the startle response.
A)True
B)False
Page 13
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Chapter 12: Learning, Memory, and Intelligence
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Sample Questions
Q1) Rosalinda stimulated the gills of an Aplysia by squirting them with a brief jet of seawater, at first, it will ____.
A) ignore the water
B) withdraw its gills
C) take in the water through the gills
D) squirt the water in the direction of the source
Q2) Most researchers now believe that the accumulation of amyloid and tau protein
A) is a result of the Alzheimer's disease
B) are partly the cause of Alzheimer's disease
C) are by-products of acetylcholine
D) are by-products of dying glial cells
Q3) Nearly simultaneous stimulation by two or more axons produces LTP, whereas stimulation by just one produces it weakly, if at all. This is known as the property of ____.
A) specificity
B) cooperativity
C) associativity
D) LTD
Q4) Describe how habituation is demonstrated in memory research on invertebrates?
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Chapter 13: Cognitive Functions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Wernicke discovered that damage to the ____ cortex produced language impairment.
A) right temporal
B) left temporal
C) right frontal
D) left frontal
Q2) The view that mental processes and certain kinds of brain processes are the same thing, described in different terms is known as ____.
A) materialism
B) mentalism
C) the identity position
D) dualism
Q3) Describe some of the research on in-group bias with respect to empathy and altruism.
Q4) Damage to the left hemisphere is more likely than right hemisphere damage to impair which ability?
A) Understanding the meaning of language
B) Understanding that someone is joking when they speak
C) Producing facial expressions of emotion
D) Understanding other people's facial expressions
Q5) Discuss the three forms of monism
Page 15
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Chapter 14: Psychological Disorders
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Sample Questions
Q1) The amino acid, glycine, provides a possible co-treatment for schizophrenia because it ____.
A) can be chemically converted into dopamine
B) increases the effectiveness of glutamate
C) decreases the effectiveness of glutamate
D) increases the growth and division of glia cells
Q2) An insistent search for the substance or activity to which the individual is addicted is called ____.
A) tolerance
B) craving
C) withdrawal
D) abstinence
Q3) The primary symptoms of autism spectrum disorders include ____.
A) deficits in social exchanges
B) severe intellectual disabilities
C) excessive, unwavering eye contact
D) extremely powerful memory skills
Q4) Describe the experiments performed by James Olds and Peter Milner. What were they trying to do? What did they discover?
Q5) Discuss the link between depression and sleep patterns.
Page 16
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